{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:47:02Z","timestamp":1787028422459,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,26]],"date-time":"2019-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Food and Health Bureau, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government","award":["HKM-15-M02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HKM-15-M02"]}]},{"name":"Food and Health Bureau, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government","award":["HKM-15-M04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HKM-15-M04"]}]},{"name":"Food and Health Bureau, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government","award":["HKM-15-M05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HKM-15-M05"]}]},{"name":"Food and Health Bureau, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government","award":["HKM-15-M11"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HKM-15-M11"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) and coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) are the most common causes of hand, foot, and mouth disease. Severe EV-A71 and CV-A16 infections may be associated with life-threatening complications. However, the pathogenic mechanisms underlying these severe clinical and pathological features remain incompletely understood. Lipids are known to play critical roles in multiple stages of the virus replication cycle. The specific lipid profile induced upon virus infection is required for optimal virus replication. The perturbations in the host cell lipidomic profiles upon enterovirus infection have not been fully characterized. To this end, we performed ultra-high performance liquid chromatography\u2013electrospray ionization\u2013quadrupole\u2013time of flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS)-based lipidomics to characterize the change in host lipidome upon EV-A71 and CV-A16 infections. Our results revealed that 47 lipids within 11 lipid classes were significantly perturbed after EV-A71 and CV-A16 infection. Four polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), namely, arachidonic acid (AA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), were consistently upregulated upon EV-A71 and CV-A16 infection. Importantly, exogenously supplying three of these four PUFAs, including AA, DHA, and EPA, in cell cultures significantly reduced EV-A71 and CV-A16 replication. Taken together, our results suggested that enteroviruses might specifically modulate the host lipid pathways for optimal virus replication. Excessive exogenous addition of lipids that disrupted this delicate homeostatic state could prevent efficient viral replication. Precise manipulation of the host lipid profile might be a potential host-targeting antiviral strategy for enterovirus infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20235952","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,26]],"date-time":"2019-11-26T10:57:27Z","timestamp":1574765847000},"page":"5952","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Lipidomic Profiling Reveals Significant Perturbations of Intracellular Lipid Homeostasis in Enterovirus-Infected Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Bingpeng","family":"Yan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zijiao","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2855-9837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hin","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2657-5342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriella","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica Oi-Ling","family":"Tsang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pok-Man","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7996-1119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuofeng","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cyril Chik-Yan","family":"Yip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feifei","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571101, China &amp; The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"},{"name":"Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Translational Tropical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571101, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard Yi-Tsun","family":"Kao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kong-Hung","family":"Sze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanna Kar-Pui","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"},{"name":"Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6336-6657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jasper Fuk-Woo","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"},{"name":"Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571101, China &amp; The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"},{"name":"Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwok-Yung","family":"Yuen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"},{"name":"Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571101, China &amp; The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"},{"name":"Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"},{"name":"The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268809991555","article-title":"Human enterovirus 71 and hand, foot and mouth disease","volume":"138","author":"Wong","year":"2010","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(13)70342-6","article-title":"Hand, foot, and mouth disease in China, 2008-12: an epidemiological study","volume":"14","author":"Xing","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. 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