{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T16:11:45Z","timestamp":1785600705429,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,11]],"date-time":"2020-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DFG-FOR926 to JA, EG and AZ"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DFG-FOR926 to JA, EG and AZ"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DFG EXC 1003; Grant FF-2014-01 Cells in Motion\u2013Cluster of Excellence to JA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DFG EXC 1003; Grant FF-2014-01 Cells in Motion\u2013Cluster of Excellence to JA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SCHE692\/3-1, SCHE692\/4-1 to SS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SCHE692\/3-1, SCHE692\/4-1 to SS"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DFG EXC 1023 Cluster of Excellence ImmunoSensation (EXC 1023) to AZ"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DFG EXC 1023 Cluster of Excellence ImmunoSensation (EXC 1023) to AZ"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"IZKF M\u00fcnster","award":["Alf3\/018\/16 to JA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Alf3\/018\/16 to JA"]}]},{"name":"IMF (University M\u00fcnster)","award":["I-ST111423 and  I-DL121204 to JA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I-ST111423 and  I-DL121204 to JA"]}]},{"name":"Strategic Research Fund of the Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf","award":["Strategic Research Fund of the Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf to SS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Strategic Research Fund of the Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf to SS"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Contact hypersensitivity (CHS) is an established animal model for allergic contact dermatitis. Dendritic cells (DCs) play an important role in the sensitization phase of CHS by initiating T cell responses to topically applied haptens. The cannabinoid receptors 1 (CB1) and 2 (CB2) modulate DC functions and inflammatory skin responses, but their influence on the capacity of haptenized DCs to induce CHS is still unknown. We found lower CHS responses to 2,4-dinitro-1-fluorobenzene (DNFB) in wild type (WT) mice after adoptive transfer of haptenized Cnr2\u2212\/\u2212 and Cnr1\u2212\/\u2212\/Cnr2\u2212\/\u2212 bone marrow (BM) DCs as compared to transfer of WT DCs. In contrast, induction of CHS was not affected in WT recipients after transfer of Cnr1\u2212\/\u2212 DCs. In vitro stimulated Cnr2\u2212\/\u2212 DCs showed lower CCR7 and CXCR4 expression when compared to WT cells, while in vitro migration towards the chemokine ligands was not affected by CB2. Upregulation of MHC class II and co-stimulatory molecules was also reduced in Cnr2\u2212\/\u2212 DCs. This study demonstrates that CB2 modulates the maturation phenotype of DCs but not their chemotactic capacities in vitro. These findings and the fact that CHS responses mediated by Cnr2\u2212\/\u2212 DCs are reduced suggest that CB2 is a promising target for the treatment of inflammatory skin conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21020475","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,13]],"date-time":"2020-01-13T04:05:51Z","timestamp":1578888351000},"page":"475","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Modulates Maturation of Dendritic Cells and Their Capacity to Induce Hapten-Induced Contact Hypersensitivity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4639-9841","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evelyn","family":"Gaffal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Magdeburg, 39104 Magdeburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea M.","family":"Kemter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Psychiatry, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9707-8191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefanie","family":"Scheu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, University of D\u00fcsseldorf, 40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7358-990X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"Leite Dantas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of M\u00fcnster, 48149 M\u00fcnster, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Vogt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of M\u00fcnster, 48149 M\u00fcnster, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernhard","family":"Baune","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of M\u00fcnster, 48149 M\u00fcnster, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia"},{"name":"The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"T\u00fcting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Magdeburg, 39104 Magdeburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Zimmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Psychiatry, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Alferink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of M\u00fcnster, 48149 M\u00fcnster, Germany"},{"name":"Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre, 48149 Muenster, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2011.02652.x","article-title":"Mechanisms of chemical-induced innate immunity in allergic contact dermatitis","volume":"66","author":"Martin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12495","article-title":"Pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis","volume":"45","author":"Peng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. 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