{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:42:20Z","timestamp":1760236940482,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,31]],"date-time":"2020-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580428800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Among nanomaterials (NMs), titanium dioxide (TiO2) is one of the most manufactured NMs and can be found in many consumers\u2019 products such as skin care products, textiles and food (as E171 additive). Moreover, due to its most attractive property, a photoactivation upon non-ionizing UVA radiation, TiO2 NMs is widely used as a decontaminating agent. Uncontrolled contaminations by TiO2 NMs during their production (professional exposure) or by using products (consumer exposure) are rather frequent. So far, TiO2 NMs cytotoxicity is still a matter of controversy depending on biological models, types of TiO2 NMs, suspension preparation and biological endpoints. TiO2 NMs photoactivation has been widely described for UV light radiation exposure, it could lead to reactive oxygen species production, known to be both cyto- and genotoxic on human cells. After higher photon energy exposition, such as X-rays used for radiotherapy and for medical imaging, TiO2 NMs photoactivation still occurs. Importantly, the question of its hazard in the case of body contamination of persons receiving radiotherapy was never addressed, knowing that healthy tissues surrounding the tumor are indeed exposed. The present work focuses on the analysis of human normal bronchiolar cell response after co-exposition TiO2 NMs (with different coatings) and ionizing radiation. Our results show a clear synergistic effect, in terms of cell viability, cell death and oxidative stress, between TiO2 NMS and radiation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21030940","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,31]],"date-time":"2020-01-31T05:55:46Z","timestamp":1580450146000},"page":"940","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["TiO2 Nanomaterials Non-Controlled Contamination Could Be Hazardous for Normal Cells Located in the Field of Radiotherapy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Yidan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Commissariat aux Energies Atomique et Alternative, Fundamental Research Division, Jacob Institut, Laboratoire de Canc\u00e9rologie exp\u00e9rimentale, CEA, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7076-8638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Allan","family":"Sauvat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gustave Roussy, Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale, U1138, 94800 Villejuif, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Celine","family":"Lacrouts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Commissariat aux Energies Atomique et Alternative, Fundamental Research Division, Jacob Institut, Laboratoire de Canc\u00e9rologie exp\u00e9rimentale, CEA, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9r\u00f4me","family":"Lebeau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Commissariat aux Energies Atomique et Alternative, Fundamental Research Division, Jacob Institut, Laboratoire de Canc\u00e9rologie exp\u00e9rimentale, CEA, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Romain","family":"Grall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Commissariat aux Energies Atomique et Alternative, Fundamental Research Division, Jacob Institut, Laboratoire de Canc\u00e9rologie exp\u00e9rimentale, CEA, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0367-1462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie","family":"Hullo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Commissariat aux Energies Atomique et Alternative, Fundamental Research Division, Jacob Institut, Laboratoire de Canc\u00e9rologie exp\u00e9rimentale, CEA, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabrice","family":"Nesslany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Toxicologie G\u00e9n\u00e9tique, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Universit\u00e9 de Lille, EA 4483, 59000 Lille, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sylvie","family":"Chevillard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Commissariat aux Energies Atomique et Alternative, Fundamental Research Division, Jacob Institut, Laboratoire de Canc\u00e9rologie exp\u00e9rimentale, CEA, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(06)70651-9","article-title":"Carcinogenicity of carbon black, titanium dioxide, and talc","volume":"7","author":"Baan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet. 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