{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T22:12:35Z","timestamp":1772057555446,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":119,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,16]],"date-time":"2020-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581811200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005925","name":"Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TCMF-SP 108-03(108)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TCMF-SP 108-03(108)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) is characterized by extracellular amyloid plaques composed of the \u03b2-amyloid peptides and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles and associates with progressive declines in memory and cognition. Several genes play important roles and regulate enzymes that produce a pathological accumulation of \u03b2-amyloid in the brain, such as gamma secretase (\u03b3-secretase). Induced pluripotent stem cells from patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease with different underlying genetic mechanisms may help model different phenotypes of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and facilitate personalized drug screening platforms for the identification of small molecules. We also discuss recent developments by \u03b3-secretase inhibitors and modulators in the treatment of AD. In addition, small-molecule drugs isolated from Chinese herbal medicines have been shown effective in treating Alzheimer\u2019s disease. We propose a mechanism of small-molecule drugs in treating Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Combining therapy with different small-molecule drugs may increase the chance of symptomatic treatment. A customized strategy tailored to individuals and in combination with therapy may be a more suitable treatment option for Alzheimer\u2019s disease in the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21041327","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,19]],"date-time":"2020-02-19T04:06:01Z","timestamp":1582085161000},"page":"1327","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Herbal Small-Molecule Drugs for Treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Wuli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Life Science, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6611-9440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheng-Tzung","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien 97002, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tzyy-Wen","family":"Chiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Science, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Horng-Jyh","family":"Harn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Hualien Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien 97002, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-170850","article-title":"Amsterdam Dementia Cohort: Performing Research to Optimize Care","volume":"62","author":"Scheltens","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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