{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T09:38:00Z","timestamp":1784281080299,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,13]],"date-time":"2020-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1584057600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005888","name":"Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lodzi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["503\/5-165-01\/503-51-001-19-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["503\/5-165-01\/503-51-001-19-00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005888","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Atherosclerotic plaques are unstable, and their release may result in thrombosis; therefore, currently, antiplatelet therapy with anticoagulants is recommended for the treatment of acute coronary syndrome. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of oxidized cholesterol on human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). The study also examines the protective and repairing effect of dabigatran and rivaroxaban in a model of vascular endothelial damage with 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-OHC). Methods: HUVECs were treated with compounds induce DNA single-strand breaks (SSBs) using the comet assay. Oxidative DNA damage was detected using endonuclease III (Nth) or human 8 oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (hOOG1). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation was determined using flow cytometry. Results: 25-hydroxycholesterol caused DNA SSBs, induced oxidative damage and increased ROS in the HUVECs; ROS level was lowered by dabigatran and rivaroxaban. Only dabigatran was able to completely repair the DNA SSBs induced by oxysterol. Dabigatran was able to reduce the level of oxidative damage of pyrimidines induced by oxysterol to the level of control cells. Conclusions: Observed changes strongly suggest that the tested anticoagulants induced indirect repair of DNA by inhibiting ROS production. Furthermore, dabigatran appears to have a higher antioxidant activity than rivaroxaban.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21061953","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,13]],"date-time":"2020-03-13T08:58:59Z","timestamp":1584089939000},"page":"1953","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["The Protective Effect of Dabigatran and Rivaroxaban on DNA Oxidative Changes in a Model of Vascular Endothelial Damage with Oxidized Cholesterol"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4755-425X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ewelina","family":"Wo\u017aniak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Tissue Immunopharmacology, Department of Internal Diseases and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Kniaziewicza 1\/5, 91-347 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3659-8115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marlena","family":"Broncel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Tissue Immunopharmacology, Department of Internal Diseases and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Kniaziewicza 1\/5, 91-347 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3044-2953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo\u017cena","family":"Bukowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biophysics of Environmental Pollution, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141\/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7547-8218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulina","family":"Gorzelak-Pabi\u015b","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Tissue Immunopharmacology, Department of Internal Diseases and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Kniaziewicza 1\/5, 91-347 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.7502","article-title":"The Vascular Endothelium and Human Diseases","volume":"9","author":"Rajendran","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. 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