{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T13:15:52Z","timestamp":1782738952052,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,24]],"date-time":"2020-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585008000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of the present study is to investigate whether a disruption of the dipping pattern of blood pressure (BP) is associated with the progression of renal injury in Dahl salt-sensitive (DSS) hypertensive rats. Seven-week-old DSS rats were fed a high salt diet (HSD; 8% NaCl) for 10 weeks, followed by a transition to a normal salt diet (NSD; 0.3% NaCl) for 4 weeks. At baseline, NSD-fed DSS rats showed a dipper-type circadian rhythm of BP. By contrast, HSD for 5 days caused a significant increase in the difference between the active and inactive periods of BP with an extreme dipper type of BP, while proteinuria and renal tissue injury were not observed. Interestingly, HSD feeding for 10 weeks developed hypertension with a non-dipper pattern of BP, which was associated with obvious proteinuria and renal tissue injury. Four weeks after switching to an NSD, BP and proteinuria were significantly decreased, and the BP circadian rhythm returned to the normal dipper pattern. These data suggest that the non-dipper pattern of BP is associated with the progression of renal injury during the development of salt-dependent hypertension.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21062248","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,24]],"date-time":"2020-03-24T13:04:04Z","timestamp":1585055044000},"page":"2248","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Association of a Disrupted Dipping Pattern of Blood Pressure with Progression of Renal Injury during the Development of Salt-Dependent Hypertension in Rats"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Abu","family":"Sufiun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9172-5343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asadur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazi","family":"Rafiq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshihide","family":"Fujisawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Life Science Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7435-8465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daisuke","family":"Nakano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8508-827X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hideki","family":"Kobara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsutomu","family":"Masaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5971-820X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akira","family":"Nishiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.107.105510","article-title":"Nighttime blood pressure and nocturnal dipping are associated with daytime urinary sodium excretion in African subjects","volume":"51","author":"Bankir","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1038\/hr.2010.47","article-title":"Salt sensitivity and circadian rhythm of blood pressure: the keys to connect CKD with cardiovasucular events","volume":"33","author":"Kimura","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hypertens. 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