{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T20:22:47Z","timestamp":1768594967419,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,24]],"date-time":"2020-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585008000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ES103\/7-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ES103\/7-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EXC2151"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EXC2151"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"BMDF\/DLR","award":["MiTyrAge"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MiTyrAge"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)-deficient mice do not support the expansion of dendritic epidermal T cells (DETC), a resident immune cell population in the murine epidermis, which immigrates from the fetal thymus to the skin around birth. Material and Methods In order to identify the gene expression changes underlying the DETC disappearance in AHR-deficient mice, we analyzed microarray RNA-profiles of DETC, sorted from the skin of two-week-old AHR-deficient mice and their heterozygous littermates. In vitro studies were done for verification, and IL-10, AHR repressor (AHRR), and c-Kit deficient mice analyzed for DETC frequency. Results We identified 434 annotated differentially expressed genes. Gene set enrichment analysis demonstrated that the expression of genes related to proliferation, ion homeostasis and morphology differed between the two mouse genotypes. Importantly, with 1767 pathways the cluster-group \u201cinflammation\u201d contained the majority of AHR-dependently regulated pathways. The most abundant cluster of differentially expressed genes was \u201cinflammation.\u201d DETC of AHR-deficient mice were inflammatory active and had altered calcium and F-actin levels. Extending the study to the AHRR, an enigmatic modulator of AHR-activity, we found approximately 50% less DETC in AHRR-deficient mice than in wild-type-littermates. Conclusion AHR-signaling in DETC dampens their inflammatory default potential and supports their homeostasis in the skin.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21062249","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,24]],"date-time":"2020-03-24T13:04:04Z","timestamp":1585055044000},"page":"2249","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["AHR Signaling Dampens Inflammatory Signature in Neonatal Skin \u03b3\u03b4 T Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Katja","family":"Merches","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IUF\u2014Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf\u2019m Hennekamp 50, D-40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6563-8035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfonso","family":"Schiavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IUF\u2014Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf\u2019m Hennekamp 50, D-40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, University of D\u00fcsseldorf, Universit\u00e4tsstrasse 1, D-40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heike","family":"Weighardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology and Environment, Life &amp; Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Str. 31, D-53115 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Swantje","family":"Steinwachs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IUF\u2014Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf\u2019m Hennekamp 50, D-40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nadine","family":"Teichweyde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IUF\u2014Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf\u2019m Hennekamp 50, D-40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7644-5642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irmgard","family":"F\u00f6rster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology and Environment, Life &amp; Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Str. 31, D-53115 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katrin","family":"Hochrath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IUF\u2014Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf\u2019m Hennekamp 50, D-40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beatrix","family":"Schumak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University of Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, D-53127 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natascia","family":"Ventura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IUF\u2014Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf\u2019m Hennekamp 50, D-40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, University of D\u00fcsseldorf, Universit\u00e4tsstrasse 1, D-40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8355-5524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick","family":"Petzsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BMFZ\u2014Genomics &amp; Transcriptomics Laboratory, University of D\u00fcsseldorf, Universit\u00e4tsstrasse 1, D-40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3644-2022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karl","family":"K\u00f6hrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BMFZ\u2014Genomics &amp; Transcriptomics Laboratory, University of D\u00fcsseldorf, Universit\u00e4tsstrasse 1, D-40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Esser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IUF\u2014Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf\u2019m Hennekamp 50, D-40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01304","article-title":"Human ab and gd T Cells in Skin Immunity and Disease","volume":"9","author":"Cruz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. 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