{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T16:54:27Z","timestamp":1791564867518,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,8]],"date-time":"2020-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Asturias Principality, Spain","award":["IDI\/2018\/000114"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IDI\/2018\/000114"]}]},{"name":"Royal Golden Jubilee (RGJ)-PhD Program Grant of the Thailand Research Fund (TRF), Thailand","award":["Ref. PHD\/0133\/2558"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Ref. PHD\/0133\/2558"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Lactic acid bacteria can act as reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes that can be ultimately transferred to pathogens. The present work reports on the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 16 antibiotics to 25 LAB isolates of five Lactobacillus and one Bifidobacterium species from the human vagina. Acquired resistances were detected to kanamycin, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, and ampicillin. A PCR analysis of lactobacilli failed to identify genetic determinants involved in any of these resistances. Surprisingly, a tet(W) gene was detected by PCR in two Bifidobacterium bifidum strains, although they proved to be tetracycline-susceptible. In agreement with the PCR results, no acquired genes were identified in the genome of any of the Lactobacillus spp. strains sequenced. A genome analysis of B. bifidum VA07-1AN showed an insertion of two guanines in the middle of tet(W) interrupting the open reading frame. By growing the strain in the presence of tetracycline, stable tetracycline-resistant variants were obtained. An amino acid substitution in the ribosomal protein S12 (K43R) was further identified as the most likely cause of VA07-1AN being streptomycin resistance. The results of this work expand our knowledge of the resistance profiles of vaginal LAB and provide evidence for the genetic basis of some acquired resistances.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21072594","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,9]],"date-time":"2020-04-09T03:40:19Z","timestamp":1586403619000},"page":"2594","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Antibiotic Susceptibility Profiles of Lactic Acid Bacteria from the Human Vagina and Genetic Basis of Acquired Resistances"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7681-4295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Auttawit","family":"Sirichoat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda y Bioqu\u00edmica, Instituto de Productos L\u00e1cteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo R\u00edo Linares, s\/n, 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases (RCEID), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7332-5696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Bel\u00e9n","family":"Fl\u00f3rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda y Bioqu\u00edmica, Instituto de Productos L\u00e1cteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo R\u00edo Linares, s\/n, 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Avenida de Roma s\/n, 33011 Oviedo, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luc\u00eda","family":"V\u00e1zquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda y Bioqu\u00edmica, Instituto de Productos L\u00e1cteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo R\u00edo Linares, s\/n, 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Avenida de Roma s\/n, 33011 Oviedo, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pranom","family":"Buppasiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5262-573X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marutpong","family":"Panya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine and Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viraphong","family":"Lulitanond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases (RCEID), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5634-6543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Baltasar","family":"Mayo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda y Bioqu\u00edmica, Instituto de Productos L\u00e1cteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo R\u00edo Linares, s\/n, 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Avenida de Roma s\/n, 33011 Oviedo, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-019-0503-9","article-title":"Defining and combating antibiotic resistance from One Health and Global Health perspectives","volume":"4","author":"Coque","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. 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