{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T23:46:55Z","timestamp":1790812015489,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,10]],"date-time":"2020-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586476800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006435","name":"CEITEC","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CEITEC 2020 (LQ1601)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEITEC 2020 (LQ1601)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006435","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"EFRR project \u201cMultidisciplinary research to increase application potential of nanomaterials in agricultural practice\u201d","award":["No. CZ.02.1.01\/0.0\/0.0\/16_025\/0007314"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. CZ.02.1.01\/0.0\/0.0\/16_025\/0007314"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The current epidemic of antibiotic-resistant infections urges to develop alternatives to less-effective antibiotics. To assess anti-bacterial potential, a novel coordinate compound (RU-S4) was synthesized using ruthenium-Schiff base-benzimidazole ligand, where ruthenium chloride was used as the central atom. RU-S4 was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Raman spectroscopy. Antibacterial effect of RU-S4 was studied against Staphylococcus aureus (NCTC 8511), vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) (CCM 1767), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (ST239: SCCmecIIIA), and hospital isolate Staphylococcus epidermidis. The antibacterial activity of RU-S4 was checked by growth curve analysis and the outcome was supported by optical microscopy imaging and fluorescence LIVE\/DEAD cell imaging. In vivo (balb\/c mice) infection model prepared with VRSA (CCM 1767) and treated with RU-S4. In our experimental conditions, all infected mice were cured. The interaction of coordination compound with bacterial cells were further confirmed by cryo-scanning electron microscope (Cryo-SEM). RU-S4 was completely non-toxic against mammalian cells and in mice and subsequently treated with synthesized RU-S4.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21072656","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,13]],"date-time":"2020-04-13T04:45:31Z","timestamp":1586753131000},"page":"2656","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["A Novel Ruthenium Based Coordination Compound Against Pathogenic Bacteria"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1175-7194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vishma Pratap","family":"Sur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, CZ-61200 Brno, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aninda","family":"Mazumdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, CZ-61200 Brno, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4216-9544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pavel","family":"Kopel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, CZ-771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soumajit","family":"Mukherjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petr","family":"V\u00edtek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ- 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hana","family":"Michalkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark\u00e9ta","family":"Vaculovi\u010dov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, CZ-61200 Brno, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5769-6748","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amitava","family":"Moulick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, CZ-61200 Brno, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S183","DOI":"10.1086\/653519","article-title":"Serious Infections Caused by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"51","author":"Boucher","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-777X.68535","article-title":"Methicillin and vancomycin resistant S. aureus in hospitalized patients","volume":"2","author":"Loomba","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Glob. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30753-3","article-title":"Discovery, research, and development of new antibiotics: The WHO priority list of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and tuberculosis","volume":"18","author":"Tacconelli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1093\/femsre\/fux007","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Current status and future prospects","volume":"41","author":"Foster","year":"2017","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1517\/14728222.7.3.311","article-title":"Vancomycin resistance: Occurrence, mechanisms and strategies to combat it","volume":"7","author":"Boneca","year":"2003","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Ther. Targets"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3435","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.8.3435-3441.2005","article-title":"Establishment of a Superficial Skin Infection Model in Mice by Using Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes","volume":"49","author":"Kugelberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10360","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules200610360","article-title":"Biological Activity and Molecular Structures of Bis(benzimidazole) and Trithiocyanurate Complexes","volume":"20","author":"Kopel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mazumdar, A., Haddad, Y., Milosavljevic, V., Michalkova, H., Guran, R., Bhowmick, S., and Moulick, A. (2020). Peptide-Carbon Quantum Dots conjugate, Derived from Human Retinoic Acid Receptor Responder Protein 2, against Antibiotic-Resistant Gram Positive and Gram Negative Pathogenic Bacteria. Nanomaterials, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/nano10020325"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1013437203247","article-title":"Ruthenium(II) carbonyl complexes with tridentate Schiff bases and their antibacterial activity","volume":"27","author":"Jayabalakrishnan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Transit. Met. Chem."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2529","DOI":"10.1039\/C4CS00343H","article-title":"Ruthenium complexes as antimicrobial agents","volume":"44","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1002\/chir.22656","article-title":"Diastereomeric bactericidal effect of Ru(phenanthroline)(2) dipyridophenazine","volume":"28","author":"Bergentall","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chirality"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1080\/00958970802236048","article-title":"Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of transition metal complexes with the Schiff base derived from imidazole-2-carboxaldehyde and glycylglycine","volume":"62","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Coord. Chem."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2013.06.072","article-title":"Design and synthesis of positional isomers of 5 and 6-bromo-1-[(phenyl)sulfonyl]-2-[(4-nitrophenoxy)methyl]-1H-benzimidazoles as possible antimicrobial and antitubercular agents","volume":"23","author":"Ranjith","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"303","article-title":"Synthesis, antibacterial and molecular docking studies of new benzimidazole derivatives","volume":"4","author":"Gullapelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Egypt. J. Basic Appl. Sci."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1021\/ml5001728","article-title":"Benzimidazoles: Novel Mycobacterial Gyrase Inhibitors from Scaffold Morphing","volume":"5","author":"Hameed","year":"2014","journal-title":"ACS Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1002\/jrs.1250210406","article-title":"Infrared and Raman spectra of benzimidazole","volume":"21","author":"Suwaiyan","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Raman Spectrosc."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1002\/jrs.1235","article-title":"Study of the adsorption of benzimidazole and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole on an iron surface by confocal micro-Raman spectroscopy","volume":"35","author":"Wang","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Raman Spectrosc."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2004.02.012","article-title":"Silver nanoparticles as antimicrobial agent: A case study on E. coli as a model for Gram-negative bacteria","volume":"275","author":"Sondi","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6417","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.448738","article-title":"Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacterial nitric-oxide Synthase affects antibiotic sensitivity and skin abscess development","volume":"288","author":"Beasley","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.37.2.371","article-title":"New turbidimetric assay for quantitation of viable bacterial densities","volume":"37","author":"Li","year":"1993","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"654","article-title":"Novel Ruthenium coordinate compound combined with Schiff base and benzimidazole as a potent antibacterial agent against VRSA and MRSA","volume":"26","author":"Sur","year":"2019","journal-title":"MendelNet"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1007\/s00217-014-2238-4","article-title":"Effect of glycerol and dihydroxyacetone concentrations in the culture medium on the growth of acetic acid bacteria Gluconobacter oxydans ATCC 621","volume":"239","author":"Gientka","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. Food Res. Technol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3517","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2007.03.013","article-title":"Effects of surfactant protein D on growth, adhesion and epithelial invasion of intestinal Gram-negative bacteria","volume":"44","author":"Hogenkamp","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/20.2.155","article-title":"A comparison of the responses of staphylococci and streptococci to teicoplanin and vancomycin","volume":"20","author":"Greenwood","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1807","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S160975","article-title":"Novel vancomycin-peptide conjugate as potent antibacterial agent against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"11","author":"Jelinkova","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infect. Drug Resist."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Heger, Z., Merlos Rodrigo, M.A., Michalek, P., Polanska, H., Masarik, M., Vit, V., Plevova, M., Pacik, D., Eckschlager, T., and Stiborova, M. (2016). Sarcosine Up-Regulates Expression of Genes Involved in Cell Cycle Progression of Metastatic Models of Prostate Cancer. PLoS ONE, 11.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0165830"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sur, V.P., Kominkova, M., Buchtova, Z., Dolezelikova, K., Zitka, O., and Moulick, A. (2019). CdSe QD Biosynthesis in Yeast Using Tryptone-Enriched Media and Their Conjugation with a Peptide Hecate for Bacterial Detection and Killing. Nanomaterials, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/nano9101463"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.1017\/S143192761401277X","article-title":"Extracellular Matrix Reorganization during Cryo Preparation for Scanning Electron Microscope Imaging of Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms","volume":"20","author":"Wu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Microsc. Microanal."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3561","DOI":"10.1007\/s00044-015-1397-6","article-title":"Synthesis and antibacterial activity of Schiff bases and amines derived from alkyl 2-(2-formyl-4-nitrophenoxy) alkanoates","volume":"24","author":"Goszczynska","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med. Chem. Res."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1023\/B:TMCH.0000019419.40754.63","article-title":"Novel bidentate ruthenium(III) Schiff base complexes: Synthetic, spectral, electrochemical, catalytic and antimicrobial studies","volume":"29","author":"Thangadurai","year":"2004","journal-title":"Transit. Met. Chem."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3594","DOI":"10.1039\/C4DT02575J","article-title":"RNA and DNA binding of inert oligonuclear ruthenium(ii) complexes in live eukaryotic cells","volume":"44","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2004.04.011","article-title":"Reduction of MTT by aqueous herbal extracts in the absence of cells","volume":"93","author":"Shoemaker","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9767","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.inorgchem.6b01574","article-title":"Antimicrobial Properties of Tris(homoleptic) Ruthenium(II) 2-Pyridyl-1,2,3-triazole \u201cClick\u201d Complexes against Pathogenic Bacteria, Including Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)","volume":"55","author":"Kumar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Inorg. Chem."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.1039\/c0dt01250e","article-title":"Oligonuclear polypyridylruthenium(ii) complexes incorporating flexible polar and non-polar bridges: Synthesis, DNA-binding and cytotoxicity","volume":"40","author":"Mulyana","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2010.12.004","article-title":"Antimicrobial activity of ruthenium-based intercalators","volume":"42","author":"Bolhuis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1166\/jbn.2017.2384","article-title":"Antimicrobial Agent Based on Selenium Nanoparticles and Carboxymethyl Cellulose for the Treatment of Bacterial Infections","volume":"13","author":"Hegerova","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2007.07.003","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases as modulators of inflammation","volume":"19","author":"Manicone","year":"2008","journal-title":"Semin. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2014.0581","article-title":"Metalloproteinases and Wound Healing","volume":"4","author":"Caley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv. Wound Care"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K\u00fcster, T., Hermann, C., Hemphill, A., Gottstein, B., and Spiliotis, M. (2013). Subcutaneous Infection Model Facilitates Treatment Assessment of Secondary Alveolar Echinococcosis in Mice. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis., 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002235"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2015.02.105","article-title":"Versatile antimicrobial peptide-based ZnO quantum dots for in vivo bacteria diagnosis and treatment with high specificity","volume":"53","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.4489\/MYCO.2008.36.2.093","article-title":"Antibacterial and Antifungal Studies on Some Schiff Base Complexes of Zinc(II)","volume":"36","author":"Joseyphus","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mycobiology"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S668","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2011.07.029","article-title":"Synthesis, characterization, anti-microbial, DNA binding and cleavage studies of Schiff base metal complexes","volume":"9","author":"Jayaseelan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arab. J. Chem."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, Y., Liao, G., and Fu, C. (2018). Recent Advances on Octahedral Polypyridyl Ruthenium(II) Complexes as Antimicrobial Agents. Polymers, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/polym10060650"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2511","DOI":"10.1021\/cr9804238","article-title":"Non-Platinum Chemotherapeutic Metallopharmaceuticals","volume":"99","author":"Clarke","year":"1999","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-8545(02)00086-3","article-title":"Copper complexes of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: An opportunity yet to be realized","volume":"232","author":"Weder","year":"2002","journal-title":"Coord. Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1080\/14756366.2018.1484733","article-title":"Synthesis, anti-bacterial and anti-protozoal activities of amidinobenzimidazole derivatives and their interactions with DNA and RNA","volume":"33","author":"Talapko","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Enzym. Inhib. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spunda, R., Hruby, J., Mericka, P., Mlcek, M., Pecha, O., Splith, K., Schmelzle, M., Krenzien, F., Lindner, J., and Matia, I. (2018). Immunosuppressive protocols with tacrolimus after cryopreserved aortal allotransplantation in rats. PLoS ONE, 13.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0201984"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E55","DOI":"10.1093\/ilar.53.1.55","article-title":"Mice Anesthesia, Analgesia, and Care, Part I: Anesthetic Considerations in Preclinical Research","volume":"53","author":"Gargiulo","year":"2012","journal-title":"ILAR J."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Allen, I.C. (2013). Mouse Model of Staphylococcus aureus Skin Infection. Mouse Models of Innate Immunity: Methods and Protocols, Humana Press.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-62703-481-4"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00140-17","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00140-17","article-title":"New Mouse Model for Chronic Infections by Gram-Negative Bacteria Enabling the Study of Anti-Infective Efficacy and Host-Microbe Interactions","volume":"8","author":"Pletzer","year":"2017","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-017-0187-5","article-title":"Antibiotic-loaded nanoparticles targeted to the site of infection enhance antibacterial efficacy","volume":"2","author":"Hussain","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2000.00973.x","article-title":"An Experimental Model of Cutaneous Infection Induced by Superantigen-Producing Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"114","author":"Tarkowski","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3796","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms4796","article-title":"Nanoparticle exposure in animals can be visualized in the skin and analysed via skin biopsy","volume":"5","author":"Sykes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_54","unstructured":"Suckow, M.A., Weisbroth, S.H., and Franklin, C.L. (2006). Chapter 18\u2014Experimental Modeling and Research Methodology. The Laboratory Rat, Academic Press. [2nd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.2174\/1574891X08666131112143447","article-title":"Topical antimicrobials for burn infections\u2014An update","volume":"8","author":"Sevgi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Recent Pat. Anti-Infect. Drug Discov."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2309","DOI":"10.1021\/bm300564v","article-title":"Curcumin Encapsulation in Submicrometer Spray-Dried Chitosan\/Tween 20 Particles","volume":"13","author":"Henderson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.201300393","article-title":"Fullerene as a transporter for doxorubicin investigated by analytical methods and in vivo imaging","volume":"35","author":"Blazkova","year":"2013","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.12953","article-title":"Let there be bioluminescence: Development of a biophotonic imaging platform for in situ analyses of oral biofilms in animal models","volume":"18","author":"Merritt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1111\/php.12398","article-title":"Application of CdTe\/ZnSe Quantum Dots in In Vitro Imaging of Chicken Tissue and Embryo","volume":"91","author":"Moulick","year":"2014","journal-title":"Photochem. Photobiol."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/21\/7\/2656\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T09:17:29Z","timestamp":1760174249000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/21\/7\/2656"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,10]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms21072656"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms21072656","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,10]]}}}