{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T09:05:39Z","timestamp":1773479139819,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,13]],"date-time":"2020-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586736000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP18K06634"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP18K06634"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Helicobacter pylori is associated with the onset of gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. Galectins are a family of \u03b2-galactoside-binding proteins involved in diverse biological phenomena. Galectin-2 (Gal-2), a member of the galectin family, is predominantly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract. Although some galectin family proteins are involved in immunoreaction, the role of Gal-2 against H. pylori infection remains unclear. In this study, the effects of Gal-2 on H. pylori morphology and survival were examined. Gal-2 induced H. pylori aggregation depending on \u03b2-galactoside and demonstrated a bactericidal effect. Immunohistochemical staining of the gastric tissue indicated that Gal-2 existed in the gastric mucus, as well as mucosa. These results suggested that Gal-2 plays a role in innate immunity against H. pylori infection in gastric mucus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21082697","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,14]],"date-time":"2020-04-14T03:10:01Z","timestamp":1586833801000},"page":"2697","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Galectin-2 Has Bactericidal Effects against Helicobacter pylori in a \u03b2-galactoside-Dependent Manner"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Takaharu","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Saitama 350-0295, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rei","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Saitama 350-0295, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Midori","family":"Oyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Saitama 350-0295, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7418-8961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomoharu","family":"Takeuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Saitama 350-0295, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toru","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Saitama 350-0295, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hideshi","family":"Natsume","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Saitama 350-0295, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mayumi","family":"Tamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, 2\u201311\u20131 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173\u20138605, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoichiro","family":"Arata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, 2\u201311\u20131 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173\u20138605, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomomi","family":"Hatanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Saitama 350-0295, Japan"},{"name":"Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259\u20131193, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(83)92719-8","article-title":"Unidentified curved bacilli on gastric epithelium in active chronic gastritis","volume":"321","author":"Marshall","year":"1983","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.26.11.1183","article-title":"Campylobacter pyloridis in peptic ulcer disease: Microbiology, pathology, and scanning electron microscopy","volume":"26","author":"Price","year":"1985","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i3.684","article-title":"Role of helicobacter pylori in gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas","volume":"20","author":"Pereira","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. 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