{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T22:53:31Z","timestamp":1784674411917,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":117,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,15]],"date-time":"2020-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586908800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Adolescent and young adult cancer patients: Cognitive Toxicity on Survivorship (ACTS)","award":["Not Applicable"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Not Applicable"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A decline in cognitive function following cancer treatment is one of the most commonly reported post-treatment symptoms among patients with cancer and those in remission, and include memory, processing speed, and executive function. A clear understanding of cognitive impairment as a result of cancer and its therapy can be obtained by delineating structural and functional changes using brain imaging studies and neurocognitive assessments. There is also a need to determine the underlying mechanisms and pathways that impact the brain and affect cognitive functioning in cancer survivors. Exosomes are small cell-derived vesicles formed by the inward budding of multivesicular bodies, and are released into the extracellular environment via an exocytic pathway. Growing evidence suggests that exosomes contribute to various physiological and pathological conditions, including neurological processes such as synaptic plasticity, neuronal stress response, cell-to-cell communication, and neurogenesis. In this review, we summarize the relationship between exosomes and cancer-related cognitive impairment. Unraveling exosomes\u2019 actions and effects on the microenvironment of the brain, which impacts cognitive functioning, is critical for the development of exosome-based therapeutics for cancer-related cognitive impairment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21082755","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,16]],"date-time":"2020-04-16T05:15:41Z","timestamp":1587014141000},"page":"2755","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Role of Exosomes in Cancer-Related Cognitive Impairment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3480-466X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong Qin","family":"Koh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2452-0556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chia Jie","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi Long","family":"Toh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siu Kwan","family":"Sze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han Kiat","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles L.","family":"Limoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2695, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4391-4219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandre","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1016","article-title":"Revisiting the hallmarks of cancer","volume":"7","author":"Fouad","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. 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