{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T20:59:21Z","timestamp":1790801961463,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":348,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,26]],"date-time":"2020-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587859200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Symptomatic interventions for patients with dementia involve anti-dementia drugs to improve cognition, psychotropic drugs for the treatment of behavioral disorders (BDs), and different categories of drugs for concomitant disorders. Demented patients may take &gt;6\u201310 drugs\/day with the consequent risk for drug\u2013drug interactions and adverse drug reactions (ADRs &gt;80%) which accelerate cognitive decline. The pharmacoepigenetic machinery is integrated by pathogenic, mechanistic, metabolic, transporter, and pleiotropic genes redundantly and promiscuously regulated by epigenetic mechanisms. CYP2D6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP3A4\/5 geno-phenotypes are involved in the metabolism of over 90% of drugs currently used in patients with dementia, and only 20% of the population is an extensive metabolizer for this tetragenic cluster. ADRs associated with anti-dementia drugs, antipsychotics, antidepressants, anxiolytics, hypnotics, sedatives, and antiepileptic drugs can be minimized by means of pharmacogenetic screening prior to treatment. These drugs are substrates, inhibitors, or inducers of 58, 37, and 42 enzyme\/protein gene products, respectively, and are transported by 40 different protein transporters. APOE is the reference gene in most pharmacogenetic studies. APOE-3 carriers are the best responders and APOE-4 carriers are the worst responders; likewise, CYP2D6-normal metabolizers are the best responders and CYP2D6-poor metabolizers are the worst responders. The incorporation of pharmacogenomic strategies for a personalized treatment in dementia is an effective option to optimize limited therapeutic resources and to reduce unwanted side-effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21093059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,28]],"date-time":"2020-04-28T05:05:32Z","timestamp":1588050332000},"page":"3059","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Pharmacogenomics of Cognitive Dysfunction and Neuropsychiatric Disorders in Dementia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0554-4037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ramon","family":"Cacabelos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, International Center of Neuroscience and Genomic Medicine, 15165 Bergondo, Corunna, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Molecular genetics of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and aging","volume":"27","author":"Cacabelos","year":"2005","journal-title":"Methods Find. Exp. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-59745-205-2_10","article-title":"Pharmacogenomics in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"448","author":"Cacabelos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-0956-8_13","article-title":"Pharmacogenomics of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Novel therapeutic strategies for drug development","volume":"1175","author":"Cacabelos","year":"2014","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"151","article-title":"Pharmacogenomics of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: Genetic determinants of phenotypic variation and therapeutic outcome","volume":"1","author":"Cacabelos","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Genom. Med. Pharmacogenom."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cacabelos, R., Carril, J.C., Cacabelos, N., Kazantsev, A.G., Vostrov, A.V., Corzo, L., Cacabelos, P., and Goldgaber, D. (2019). Sirtuins in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: SIRT2-Related GenoPhenotypes and Implications for PharmacoEpiGenetics. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20051249"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.4782","article-title":"Diagnosis and Management of Dementia: Review","volume":"322","author":"Arvanitakis","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1080\/17460441.2018.1457645","article-title":"Have there been improvement in Alzheimer\u2019s disease drug discovery over the past 5 years?","volume":"13","author":"Cacabelos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Drug Discov."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cger.2018.06.009","article-title":"Behavioral Problems and Dementia","volume":"34","author":"Volicer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Geriatr. Med."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-190662","article-title":"Specific Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Are Associated with Faster Progression in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: Results of the Prospective Dementia Registry (PRODEM-Austria)","volume":"73","author":"Defrancesco","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sr, P.A.A., DeFeis, B., De Wit, L., O\u2019Shea, D., Mejia, A., Chandler, M., Locke, D.E.C., Fields, J., Phatak, V., and Dean, P.M. (2019). Functional ability is associated with higher adherence to behavioral interventions in mild cognitive impairment. Clin. Neuropsychol., 1\u201319.","DOI":"10.1080\/13854046.2019.1672792"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ilik, F., B\u00fcy\u00fckg\u00f6l, H., Kayhan, F., Ertem, D.H., and Ekiz, T. (2019). Effects of Inappropriate Sexual Behaviors and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Patients with Alzheimer Disease and Caregivers\u2019 Depression on Caregiver Burden. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry Neurol., 891988719874123.","DOI":"10.1177\/0891988719874123"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2019.03.023","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric Symptoms as Risk Factors for Cognitive Decline in Clinically Normal Older Adults: The Cache County Study","volume":"28","author":"Burhanullah","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2018.08.012","article-title":"High Occurrence of Psychiatric Disorders and Suicidal Behavior Across Dementia Subtypes","volume":"26","author":"Lai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.12484","article-title":"Role of Donepezil in the Management of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease and Dementia with Lewy Bodies","volume":"22","author":"Cummings","year":"2016","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci. Ther."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-64012-3.00002-2","article-title":"Behavioral and psychological symptoms in Alzheimer\u2019s dementia and vascular dementia","volume":"165","author":"Deardorff","year":"2019","journal-title":"Handb. Clin. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-190041","article-title":"Trajectories and Determinants of Quality of Life in Dementia with Lewy Bodies and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"70","author":"Ramakers","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2019.03.015","article-title":"The costs of dementia subtypes to California Medicare fee-for-service","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-64012-3.00003-4","article-title":"Frontotemporal dementia","volume":"165","author":"Miller","year":"2019","journal-title":"Handb. Clin. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-190332","article-title":"Psychiatric Phenocopy Syndrome of Behavioral Frontotemporal Dementia: Behavioral and Cognitive Fingerprint","volume":"72","author":"Pettenuzzo","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-804281-6.00021-5","article-title":"Neurodegenerative disorders of the human frontal lobes","volume":"163","author":"Butler","year":"2019","journal-title":"Handb. Clin. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_21","unstructured":"Bailey, K.C., Burmaster, S.A., Schaffert, J., LoBue, C., Vela, D., Rossetti, H., and Cullum, C.M. (2019). Associations of Race-Ethnicity and History of Traumatic Brain Injury with Age at Onset of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease. J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosci, appineuropsych19010002."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-019-0822-3","article-title":"DNA repair deficiency and senescence in concussed professional athletes involved in contact sports","volume":"7","author":"Schwab","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol. Commun."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.01109","article-title":"The Hyperactivity-Impulsivity-Irritiability-Disinhibition-Aggression-Agitation Domain in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: Current Management and Future Directions","volume":"10","author":"Keszycki","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2019.08.006","article-title":"The Interplay between Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Dementia: A Systematic Review","volume":"28","author":"Desmarais","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-5949.2010.00187.x","article-title":"Genomics and pharmacogenomics of schizophrenia","volume":"17","author":"Cacabelos","year":"2011","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci. Ther."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30483","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms161226236","article-title":"Epigenetics of Aging and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: Implications for Pharmacogenomics and Drug Response","volume":"16","author":"Cacabelos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.4236\/ojpsych.2013.31008","article-title":"Genomics and pharmacogenomics of antipsychotic drugs","volume":"3","author":"Cacabelos","year":"2013","journal-title":"Open J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2019.03.017","article-title":"Pathways linking obesity to neuropsychiatric disorders","volume":"66","author":"Martins","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1667","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.5180","article-title":"Migraine and the risk of all-cause dementia, Alzheimer\u2019s disease, and vascular dementia: A prospective cohort study in community-dwelling older adults","volume":"34","author":"Morton","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2019.07.011","article-title":"Subjective cognitive decline, brain imaging biomarkers, and cognitive functioning in patients with a history of vascular disease: The SMART-Medea study","volume":"84","author":"Blom","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-019-0521-0","article-title":"Independent effects of white matter hyperintensities on cognitive, neuropsychiatric, and functional decline: A longitudinal investigation using the National Alzheimer\u2019s Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set","volume":"11","author":"Puzo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-190183","article-title":"Does Personality Predict Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia? Results from PACO Prospective Study","volume":"69","author":"Rouch","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2019.09.014","article-title":"Affective symptoms and AT(N) biomarkers in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A systematic literature review","volume":"107","author":"Banning","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-019-03840-4","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric symptoms differently affect mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s disease patients: A retrospective observational study","volume":"40","author":"Scaricamazza","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-190365","article-title":"Cerebrospinal Fluid Correlates of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Patients with Alzheimer\u2019s Disease\/Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review","volume":"71","author":"Showraki","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-019-04466-6","article-title":"Incremental value of amyloid-PET versus CSF in the diagnosis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"47","author":"Ramusino","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-181285","article-title":"Associations between Comorbid TDP-43, Lewy Body Pathology, and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"69","author":"Bayram","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1097\/WNN.0000000000000189","article-title":"Schizophrenia Phenotype Preceding Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia Related to C9orf72 Repeat Expansion","volume":"32","author":"Sellami","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cogn. Behav. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-019-0743-1","article-title":"Resistance and resilience to Alzheimer\u2019s disease pathology are associated with reduced cortical pTau and absence of limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy in a community-based cohort","volume":"7","author":"Latimer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol. Commun."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-181102","article-title":"Effects of Psychotropic Medication on Cognition, Caregiver Burden, and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease over 12 Months: Results from a Prospective Registry of Dementia in Austria (PRODEM)","volume":"71","author":"Schmidt","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_41","first-page":"140","article-title":"Deprescribing antipsychotics in long term care patients with dementia","volume":"43","year":"2019","journal-title":"Farm. Hosp."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2018.2820","article-title":"Patterns of Dementia Treatment and Frank Prescribing Errors in Older Adults With Parkinson Disease","volume":"76","author":"Mantri","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1080\/17512433.2019.1597706","article-title":"The role of pharmacogenomics in adverse drug reactions","volume":"12","author":"Cacabelos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-017-2357-5","article-title":"Drug-drug interactions and their harmful effects in hospitalised patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"74","author":"Zheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.3163\/1536-5050.104.4.007","article-title":"Evaluation of resources for analyzing drug interactions","volume":"104","author":"Patel","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Med. Libr. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_46","first-page":"128","article-title":"KALIS\u2014An eHealth System for Biomedical Risk Analysis of Drugs","volume":"236","author":"Shoshi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stud. Health Technol. Inform."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shoshi, A., Hoppe, T., Kormeier, B., Ogultarhan, V., and Hofestadt, R. (2015). GraphSAW: A web-based system for graphical analysis of drug interactions and side effects using pharmaceutical and molecular data. BMC Med. Inform. Decis. Mak., 15.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-015-0139-5"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.2174\/157488410791110805","article-title":"A review of clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of galantamine, a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor for the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease, in healthy subjects and patients","volume":"5","author":"Huang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Samwald, M., Mi\u00f1arro Gim\u00e9nez, J.A., Boyce, R.D., Frimuth, R.R., Adlassnig, K.P., and Dumontier, M. (2015). Pharmacogenomic knowledge representation, reasoning and genome-based clinical decision support based on OWL 2 DL ontologies. BMC Med. Inform. Decis. Mak., 15.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-015-0130-1"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gpb.2015.01.002","article-title":"Web resources for pharmacogenomics","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Genom. Proteom. Bioinform."},{"key":"ref_51","unstructured":"(2020, January 05). PharmGKB. Available online: https:\/\/www.pharmgkb.org."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2017.09.001","article-title":"Pharmacogenomics: Precision Medicine and Drug Response","volume":"92","author":"Weinshilboum","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mayo Clin. Proc."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1038\/gim.2016.33","article-title":"Rare genetic variants in cellular transporters, metabolic enzymes, and nuclear receptors can be important determinants of interindividual differences in drug response","volume":"19","author":"Kozyra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Genet. Med."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-015-0375-0","article-title":"Clinical association between pharmacogenomics and adverse drug reactions","volume":"75","author":"Zhou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"ref_55","unstructured":"Cacabelos, R. (2012). World Guide for Drug Use and Pharmacogenomics, EuroEspes Publishing."},{"key":"ref_56","unstructured":"(2019, November 02). EuroPharmaGenics (EPG). Available online: http:\/\/europharmagenics.com\/."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1080\/23808993.2018.1468218","article-title":"Population-level pharmacogenomics for precision drug development in dementia","volume":"3","author":"Cacabelos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Precis. Med. Drug Dev."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1002\/ddr.21219","article-title":"Epigenomic networking in drug development: From pathogenic mechanisms to pharmacogenomics","volume":"75","author":"Cacabelos","year":"2014","journal-title":"Drug Dev. Res."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marcath, L.A., Pasternak, A.L., and Hertz, D.L. (2019). Challenges to assess substrate-dependent allelic effects in CYP450 enzymes and the potential clinical implications. Pharmacogenom. J.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41397-019-0105-1"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lesche, D., Mostafa, S., Everall, I., Pantelis, C., and Bousman, C. (2019). Impact of CYP1A2, CYP2C19, and CYP2D6 genotype- and phenoconversion-predicted enzyme activity on clozapine exposure and symptom severity. Pharmacogenom. J.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41397-019-0108-y"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cacabelos, R. (2019). The epigenetic machinery in the life cycle and pharmacoepigenetics. Pharmacoepigenetics, Academic Press\/Elsevier.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-813939-4.00001-2"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cacabelos, R. (2019). Pharmacoepigenetic processors: Epigenetic drugs, Drug resistance, Toxicoepigenetics, and Nutriepigenetics. Pharmacoepigenetics, Academic Press\/Elsevier.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-813939-4.00006-1"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2017.4198","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Associations of the Top 20 Alzheimer Disease Risk Variants with Brain Amyloidosis","volume":"75","author":"Apostolova","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cacabelos, R., Meyyazhagan, A., Carril, J.C., Cacabelos, P., and Teijido, O. (2018). Pharmacogenetics of Vascular Risk Factors in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease. J. Personalized Med., 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm8010003"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cacabelos, R. (2018). Pleiotropy and promiscuity in pharmacogenomics for the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and related risk factors. Future Neurol.","DOI":"10.2217\/fnl-2017-0038"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1517\/17460441.2014.930124","article-title":"Epigenetic drug discovery for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"9","author":"Cacabelos","year":"2014","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Drug Discov."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"001","DOI":"10.24966\/PDA-0150\/100001","article-title":"Pharmacogenomics of antidepressants","volume":"1","author":"Cacabelos","year":"2015","journal-title":"HSOA J. Psychiatry Depress. Anxiety"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-143060","article-title":"The APOE Gene is Differentially Methylated in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"48","author":"Foraker","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1097\/00008571-200210000-00005","article-title":"Deposition of Alzheimer\u2019s beta-amyloid is inversely correlated with P-glycoprotein expression in the brains of elderly non-demented humans","volume":"12","author":"Vogelgesang","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pharmacogenetics"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-160841","article-title":"Glucose Transporters in Brain: In Health and in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"55","author":"Szablewski","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e128","DOI":"10.4172\/2161-1459.1000e128","article-title":"The ABCB1 transporter in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"4","author":"Cacabelos","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cacabelos, R. (2019). Epigenetics and pharmacoepigenetics of age-related neurodegenerative disorders. Pharmacoepigenetics, Academic Press\/Elsevier.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-813939-4.00038-3"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2019.00387","article-title":"The Effects of APOE and ABCA7 on Cognitive Function and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Risk in African Americans: A Focused Mini Review","volume":"13","author":"Berg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-170639","article-title":"ABC Transporters Are Key Players in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"61","author":"Pereira","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.2174\/138945011795378504","article-title":"ABC multidrug transporters: Target for modulation of drug pharmacokinetics and drug-drug interactions","volume":"12","author":"Marquez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Drug Targets"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.2174\/138945011795378487","article-title":"Genetic polymorphisms of ATP-binding cassette transporters ABCB1 and ABCC2 and their impact on drug disposition","volume":"12","author":"Haufroid","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Drug Targets"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1186\/2191-219X-2-57","article-title":"Blood-brain barrier P-glycoprotein function in healthy subjects and Alzheimer\u2019s disease patients: Effect of polymorphisms in the ABCB1 gene","volume":"2","author":"Lubberink","year":"2012","journal-title":"EJNMMI Res."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2011.05.023","article-title":"Gene expression profiling of peripheral blood leukocytes identifies and validates ABCB1 as a novel biomarker for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"43","author":"Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2013.00045","article-title":"The role of ABCB1 and ABCA1 in beta-amyloid clearance at the neurovascular unit in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"4","author":"Elali","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs.13.18","article-title":"Association of ATP-binding cassette transporter variants with the risk of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"14","author":"Cascorbi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics"},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.2973","article-title":"Variants in the ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABCA7), apolipoprotein E \u03f54, and the risk of late-onset Alzheimer disease in African Americans","volume":"309","author":"Reitz","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-170872","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Genetics and ABCA7 Splicing","volume":"59","author":"Vasquez","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-161195","article-title":"Gene Expression and Methylation Analysis of ABCA7 in Patients with Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"57","author":"Yamazaki","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-05542-4_1","article-title":"The Potential of \u2018Omics to Link Lipid Metabolism and Genetic and Comorbidity Risk Factors of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease in African Americans","volume":"1118","author":"Stepler","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-180107","article-title":"Meta-Analysis of the Association between Variants in ABCA7 and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"63","author":"Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_86","first-page":"425","article-title":"ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 7 rs3764650 polymorphism and the risk of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"72","author":"Zhou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharmazie"},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-018-1841-z","article-title":"An intronic VNTR affects splicing of ABCA7 and increases risk of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"135","author":"Duchateau","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-170883","article-title":"ABCA7 Downregulation Modifies Cellular Cholesterol Homeostasis and Decreases Amyloid-\u03b2 Peptide Efflux in an in vitro Model of the Blood-Brain Barrier","volume":"64","author":"Boucau","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-019-04619-8","article-title":"Association between selected cholesterol-related gene polymorphisms and Alzheimer\u2019s disease in a Turkish cohort","volume":"46","author":"Guven","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-180399","article-title":"The Level of Plasma Amyloid-\u03b240 Is Correlated with Peripheral Transport Proteins in Cognitively Normal Adults: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study","volume":"65","author":"Gao","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2017.11.018","article-title":"ATP-binding cassette transporter-2 (ABCA2) as a therapeutic target","volume":"151","author":"Davis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, X., Wang, Y., Wang, L., Liao, Q., Chang, L., Xu, L., Huang, Y., Ye, H., Xu, L., and Chen, C. (2013). Meta-analyses of 8 polymorphisms associated with the risk of the Alzheimer\u2019s disease. PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0073129"},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2017.11.027","article-title":"ABCA1 rs2230805 and rs2230806 common gene variants are associated with Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"664","author":"Giricz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5851","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.905524","article-title":"ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily A Member 2 (ABCA2) Expression and Methylation are Associated with Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"23","author":"Hu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Monit."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2018.06.157","article-title":"Polymorphisms of ABCG2 and its impact on clinical relevance","volume":"503","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2013.06.044","article-title":"Association between the ABCG2 C421A polymorphism and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"550","author":"Janka","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2018.07.021","article-title":"Effect of amyloid beta on ATP-binding cassette transporter expression and activity in porcine brain microvascular endothelial cells","volume":"1862","author":"Shubbar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Gen. Subj."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schaller, L., and Lauschke, V.M. (2019). The genetic landscape of the human solute carrier (SLC) transporter superfamily. Hum. Genet.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-019-02081-x"},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-014-8742-5","article-title":"The Role of SORL1 in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"51","author":"Yin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-12457-1_6","article-title":"A Role for SERCA Pumps in the Neurobiology of Neuropsychiatric and Neurodegenerative Disorders","volume":"1131","author":"Britzolaki","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1089\/dna.2018.4292","article-title":"Underappreciated Roles of the Translocase of the Outer and Inner Mitochondrial Membrane Protein Complexes in Human Disease","volume":"38","author":"Heinemeyer","year":"2019","journal-title":"DNA Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1038\/aps.2018.31","article-title":"TRPM2: A candidate therapeutic target for treating neurological diseases","volume":"39","author":"Belrose","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4073","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00500","article-title":"Altered Expression of Small Intestinal Drug Transporters and Hepatic Metabolic Enzymes in a Mouse Model of Familial Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"15","author":"Pan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cacabelos, R. (2020). Pharmacogenomics of drugs used to treat brain disorders. Expert Rev. Precis. Med. Drug Dev.","DOI":"10.1080\/23808993.2020.1738217"},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.00472","article-title":"Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials on the Efficacy and Safety of Donepezil, Galantamine, Rivastigmine, and Memantine for the Treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2019.00073","article-title":"Alignment of European Regulatory and Health Technology Assessments: A Review of Licensed Products for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"6","author":"Dekker","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.2174\/156720507781788846","article-title":"Pharmacogenetic aspects of therapy with cholinesterase inhibitors: The role of CYP2D6 in Alzheimer\u2019s disease pharmacogenetics","volume":"4","author":"Cacabelos","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr. Alzheimer Res."},{"key":"ref_108","first-page":"303","article-title":"Donepezil in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: From conventional trials to pharmacogenetics","volume":"3","author":"Cacabelos","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1166(199901)14:1<3::AID-GPS897>3.0.CO;2-7","article-title":"The glutamatergic system and neurodegeneration in dementia: Preventive strategies in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"14","author":"Cacabelos","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hays, C.C., Zlatar, Z.Z., Meloy, M.J., Osuna, J., Liu, T.T., Galasko, D.R., and Wierenga, C.E. (2019). Anterior Cingulate Structure and Perfusion Is Associated with Cerebrospinal Fluid Tau Among Cognitively Normal Older Adult APOE\u03b54 Carriers. J. Alzheimers Dis.","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-190504"},{"key":"ref_111","first-page":"e607","article-title":"APOE is a correlate of phenotypic heterogeneity in Alzheimer disease in a national cohort","volume":"94","author":"Weintraub","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_112","first-page":"1","article-title":"Molecular pathology and pharmacogenomics in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Polygenic-related effects of multifactorial treatments on cognition, anxiety and depression","volume":"29","author":"Cacabelos","year":"2007","journal-title":"Methods Find. Exp. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_113","first-page":"518901","article-title":"Genomics of Dementia: APOE- and CYP2D6-Related Pharmacogenetics","volume":"2012","author":"Cacabelos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.2217\/fnl.15.12","article-title":"Opportunities in Pharmacogenomics for the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"10","author":"Cacabelos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Future Neurol."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs-2016-0031","article-title":"Pharmacogenetic considerations in the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"17","author":"Cacabelos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics"},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Takeda, M., Tanaka, T., and Cacabelos, R. (2004). Pharmacogenomic studies with a combination therapy in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Molecular Neurobiology of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease and Related Disorders, Karger.","DOI":"10.1159\/isbn.978-3-318-00993-4"},{"key":"ref_117","first-page":"1","article-title":"APOE-TOMM40 in the Pharmacogenomics of demetia","volume":"5","author":"Cacabelos","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Pharmacogenom. Pharmacoproteom."},{"key":"ref_118","first-page":"S27","article-title":"Behavioral changes associated with different apolipoprotein E genotypes in dementia","volume":"11","author":"Cacabelos","year":"1997","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dis. Assoc. Dis."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cacabelos, R. (2018). Pharmacogenomics of Alzheimer\u2019s and Parkinson\u2019s diseases. Neurosci. Lett., 133807.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.09.018"},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2011-111088","article-title":"Apolipoprotein \u03b54 modulates phenotype of butyrylcholinesterase in CSF of patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"28","author":"Siawesh","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-013-0038-9","article-title":"Pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic and pharmacogenetic aspects of drugs used in the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"52","author":"Noetzli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"ref_122","first-page":"CD001190","article-title":"Donepezil for dementia due to Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"6","author":"Birks","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181b6bbe3","article-title":"Effect of a CYP2D6 polymorphism on the efficacy of donepezil in patients with Alzheimer disease","volume":"73","author":"Pilotto","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.12325","article-title":"Population pharmacokinetic approach to evaluate the effect of CYP2D6, CYP3A, ABCB1, POR and NR1I2 genotypes on donepezil clearance","volume":"78","author":"Noetzli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2012-112123","article-title":"Replication study to confirm the role of CYP2D6 polymorphism rs1080985 on donepezil efficacy in Alzheimer\u2019s disease patients","volume":"30","author":"Albani","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-016-0356-1","article-title":"Effect of the CYP2D6 and APOE Polymorphisms on the Efficacy of Donepezil in Patients with Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"30","author":"Xiao","year":"2016","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1097\/FPC.0b013e32833f984c","article-title":"Role of cytochrome P4502D6 functional polymorphisms in the efficacy of donepezil in patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"21","author":"Seripa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pharmacogenet. Genom."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e318255a8f9","article-title":"Effect of CYP2D6*10 and APOE polymorphisms on the efficacy of donepezil in patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"345","author":"Zhong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.2147\/PGPM.S211259","article-title":"Influence of CYP2D6, CYP3A5, ABCB1, APOE polymorphisms and nongenetic factors on donepezil treatment in patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease and vascular dementia","volume":"12","author":"Yaowaluk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacogenom. Personalized Med."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317519848237","article-title":"Effect of CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 Genotypes on the Efficacy of Cholinesterase Inhibitors in Southern Chinese Patients With Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"34","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Alzheimers Dis. Other Demen."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-010-0883-5","article-title":"Do CYP3A and ABCB1 genotypes influence the plasma concentration and clinical outcome of donepezil treatment?","volume":"67","author":"Magliulo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2018.03.014","article-title":"Association between ABCA1 gene polymorphisms and the therapeutic response to donepezil therapy in Han Chinese patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"140","author":"Lu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-160373","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Cooperative Study. Butyrylcholinesterase K and Apolipoprotein E-\u03b54 Reduce the Age of Onset of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease, Accelerate Cognitive Decline, and Modulate Donepezil Response in Mild Cognitively Impaired Subjects","volume":"54","author":"Pelleieux","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-160562","article-title":"Deleterious Effect of Butyrylcholinesterase K-Variant in Donepezil Treatment of Mild Cognitive Impairment","volume":"56","author":"Sokolow","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1639","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S179453","article-title":"The efficacy of a \u201ccocktail therapy\u201d on Parkinson\u2019s disease with dementia","volume":"15","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13396","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.13396","article-title":"The effects of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors on the heart in acute myocardial infarction and heart failure: From cells to patient reports","volume":"228","author":"Khuanjing","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Physiol."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphs.2019.05.009","article-title":"Donepezil ameliorates oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy via a neuroprotective effect","volume":"140","author":"Kawashiri","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1566","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.50848","article-title":"Donepezil increases resistance to induced seizures in a mouse model of Dravet syndrome","volume":"6","author":"Wong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Transl. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200241100-00003","article-title":"Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cholinesterase inhibitors","volume":"41","author":"Jann","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1527-3458.2002.tb00221.x","article-title":"Galantamine-a novel cholinergic drug with a unique dual mode of action for the treatment of patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"8","author":"Lilienfeld","year":"2002","journal-title":"CNS Drug Rev."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1177\/009127000204200907","article-title":"Galantamine pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability profiles are similar in healthy Caucasian and Japanese subjects","volume":"42","author":"Zhao","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200342150-00005","article-title":"Clinical pharmacokinetics of galantamine","volume":"42","author":"Farlow","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.30.5.553","article-title":"The metabolism and excretion of galantamine in rats, dogs, and humans","volume":"30","author":"Mannens","year":"2002","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos."},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0b013e318282ff02","article-title":"Relationship of CYP2D6, CYP3A, POR, and ABCB1 genotypes with galantamine plasma concentrations","volume":"35","author":"Noetzli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ther. Drug Monit."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjopharm.2011.07.003","article-title":"Cytochrome P450 2D6 phenotyping in an elderly population with dementia and response to galantamine in dementia: A pilot study","volume":"9","author":"Clarke","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Geriatr. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210-200317130-00002","article-title":"Clinically significant drug interactions with cholinesterase inhibitors: A guide for neurologists","volume":"17","author":"Tribut","year":"2003","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.3109\/00498254.2012.693220","article-title":"Food-drug interactions: Effect of capsaicin on the pharmacokinetics of galantamine in rats","volume":"42","author":"Zhai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Xenobiotica"},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1111\/ajad.12904","article-title":"Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial of Galantamine for Methadone-Maintained Individuals With Cocaine Use Disorder: Secondary Analysis of Effects on Illicit Opioid Use","volume":"28","author":"Carroll","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Addict."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2019.05.004","article-title":"Feasibility and effects of galantamine on cognition in humans with cannabis use disorder","volume":"181","author":"Sugarman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.01.019","article-title":"Chronic treatment with galantamine rescues reversal learning in an attentional set-shifting test after experimental brain trauma","volume":"315","author":"Njoku","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2019.02.005","article-title":"Combining CDP-choline and galantamine, an optimized \u03b17 nicotinic strategy, to ameliorate sensory gating to speech stimuli in schizophrenia","volume":"145","author":"Choueiry","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Psychophysiol."},{"key":"ref_152","first-page":"134","article-title":"Potential Role of Antipsychotic-Galantamine-Memantine Combination in the Treatment of Positive, Cognitive, and Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia","volume":"4","author":"Koola","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Neuropsychiatry"},{"key":"ref_153","first-page":"CD001191","article-title":"Rivastigmine for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"10","author":"Birks","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jia, J., Ji, Y., Feng, T., Ye, Q., Peng, D., Kuang, W., and Ning, Y. (2019). Sixteen-Week Interventional Study to Evaluate the Clinical Effects and Safety of Rivastigmine Capsules in Chinese Patients with Alzheimer\u2019s Disease. J. Alzheimers Dis.","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-190791"},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-2918(98)80127-6","article-title":"Clinical pharmacology of rivastigmine: A new-generation acetylcholinesterase inhibitor for the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"20","author":"Polinsky","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin. Ther."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.12036","article-title":"Clinical effectiveness of rivastigmine monotherapy and combination therapy in Alzheimer\u2019s patients","volume":"19","author":"Sonali","year":"2013","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci. Ther."},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1545300","article-title":"Association of the choline acetyltransferase gene with responsiveness to acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"48","author":"Yoon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharmacopsychiatry"},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-160074","article-title":"CHRNA7 Gene and response to cholinesterase Inhibitors in an Italian cohort of Alzheimer\u2019s disease patients","volume":"52","author":"Clarelli","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_159","first-page":"1711","article-title":"Pharmacogenomics in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A genome-wide association study of response to cholinesterase inhibitors","volume":"34","author":"Giacalone","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1097\/FPC.0b013e32832f8c17","article-title":"Progression from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Effects of sex, butyrylcholinesterase genotype, and rivastigmine treatment","volume":"19","author":"Ferris","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pharmacogenet. Genom."},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jasiecki, J., and Was\u0105g, B. (2019). Butyrylcholinesterase Protein Ends in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease-Could BCHE Genotyping Be Helpful in Alzheimer\u2019s Therapy?. Biomolecules, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom9100592"},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(15)00389-0","article-title":"Rivastigmine for gait stability in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease (ReSPonD): A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial","volume":"15","author":"Henderson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S129145","article-title":"Rivastigmine: The advantages of dual inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase and its role in subcortical vascular dementia and Parkinson\u2019s disease dementia","volume":"12","author":"Kandiah","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Interv. Aging"},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e230193","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2019-230193","article-title":"Acute treatment of psychotic symptoms in a newly diagnosed Lewy body dementia patient with an accelerated titration schedule of rivastigmine and de-escalation of antipsychotics","volume":"12","author":"Burgett","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep."},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-130395","article-title":"Effectiveness and safety of memantine treatment for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"36","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-013-0032-2","article-title":"Population pharmacokinetic study of memantine: Effects of clinical and genetic factors","volume":"52","author":"Noetzli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-004-0825-1","article-title":"Inhibitory effects of memantine on human cytochrome P450 activities: Prediction of in vivo drug interactions","volume":"60","author":"Micuda","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00495","DOI":"10.1002\/prp2.495","article-title":"The human NMDA receptor GluN2AN615K variant influences channel blocker potency","volume":"7","author":"Marwick","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res. Perspect."},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-170424","article-title":"Memantine for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","volume":"60","author":"Kishi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_170","first-page":"w20093","article-title":"Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors combined with memantine for moderate to severe Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A meta-analysis","volume":"149","author":"Glinz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Swiss Med. Wkly."},{"key":"ref_171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.5607\/en.2019.28.3.390","article-title":"Memantine Improves Cognitive Function and Alters Hippocampal and Cortical Proteome in Triple Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"28","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8573","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-019-01678-7","article-title":"Memantine, a Noncompetitive N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonist, Attenuates Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy by Increasing Insulin-Degrading Enzyme Expression","volume":"56","author":"Inoue","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1007\/s40120-019-00154-7","article-title":"Burden of Disease and Current Management of Dementia with Lewy Bodies: A Literature Review","volume":"8","author":"Meier","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1080\/14740338.2018.1524870","article-title":"The efficacy and safety of memantine for the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"17","author":"Matsunaga","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert. Opin. Drug Saf."},{"key":"ref_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2019.08.011","article-title":"A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial of Combined Escitalopram and Memantine for Older Adults with Major Depression and Subjective Memory Complaints","volume":"28","author":"Lavretsky","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0000000000001115","article-title":"Adjunctive Memantine Treatment of Schizophrenia: A Double-Blind, Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study","volume":"39","author":"Hassanpour","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schaefer, M., Sarkar, S., Theophil, I., Leopold, K., Heinz, A., and Gallinat, J. (2019). Acute and Long-term Memantine Add-on Treatment to Risperidone Improves Cognitive Dysfunction in Patients with Acute and Chronic Schizophrenia. Pharmacopsychiatry.","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0970-9310"},{"key":"ref_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.112602","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis: Memantine augmentation in moderate to severe obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"282","author":"Modarresi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.4103\/aian.AIAN_294_18","article-title":"Memantine Ameliorates Migraine Headache","volume":"22","author":"Shanmugam","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Indian Acad. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Krishnan-Sarin, S., O\u2019Malley, S.S., Franco, N., Cavallo, D.A., Tetrault, J.M., Shi, J., Gueorguieva, R., Pittman, B., and Krystal, J.H. (2019). Influence of combined treatment with naltrexone and memantine on alcohol drinking behaviors: A phase II randomized crossover trial. Neuropsychopharmacology.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-019-0536-z"},{"key":"ref_181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1744806919838947","DOI":"10.1177\/1744806919838947","article-title":"Memantine selectively prevented the induction of dynamic allodynia by blocking Kir2.1 channel and inhibiting the activation of microglia in spinal dorsal horn of mice in spared nerve injury model","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Pain"},{"key":"ref_182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2677","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S207350","article-title":"Dextromethorphan and memantine after ketamine analgesia: A randomized control trial","volume":"13","author":"Martin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug Des. Dev. Ther."},{"key":"ref_183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fuller, J.T., Choudhury, T.K., Lowe, D.A., and Balsis, S. (2019). Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Hallucinations and delusions signal Alzheimer\u2019s associated cognitive dysfunction more strongly compared to other neuropsychiatric symptoms. J. Gerontol. B Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci., gbz032.","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbz032"},{"key":"ref_184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.2174\/1874609812666190204094233","article-title":"Detecting Non-cognitive Features of Prodromal Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":"11","author":"Seifan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Aging Sci."},{"key":"ref_185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2017.10.035","article-title":"Functional analysis of schizophrenia genes using GeneAnalytics program and integrated databases","volume":"641","author":"Sundararajan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"ref_186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garcia-Segura, M.E., Fischer, C.E., Schweizer, T.A., and Munoz, D.G. (2019). APOE \u03b54\/\u03b54 Is Associated with Aberrant Motor Behavior Through Both Lewy Body and Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy Pathology in High Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Pathological Load. J. Alzheimers Dis.","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-190643"},{"key":"ref_187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2071","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S218641","article-title":"Determinants Of Antipsychotic Drugs Prescription Among Community Living Older Adults With Dementia A Population Based Study Using Health Information Systems In The Lazio Region, Italy","volume":"14","author":"Bargagli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Interv. Aging"},{"key":"ref_188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.01045","article-title":"Antipsychotic Treatment of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD): Management of Extrapyramidal Side Effects","volume":"10","author":"Ohno","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2010.05.017","article-title":"Pharacogenetic effects of dopamine transporter gene polymorphisms on response to chlorpromazine and clozapine and on extrapyramidal syndrome in schizophrenia","volume":"34","author":"Xu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0b013e31829abec9","article-title":"The association study of polymorphisms in DAT, DRD2, and COMT genes and acute extrapyramidal adverse effects in male schizophrenic patients treated with haloperidol","volume":"33","author":"Bozina","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1038\/tpj.2016.44","article-title":"Pharmacogenetic study of antipsychotic induced acute extrapyramidal symptoms in a first episode psychosis cohort: Role of dopamine, serotonin and glutamate candidate genes","volume":"16","author":"Mas","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharmacogenom. J."},{"key":"ref_192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1089\/omi.2016.0003","article-title":"Adenosine Hypothesis of Antipsychotic Drugs Revisited: Pharmacogenomics Variation in Nonacute Schizophrenia","volume":"20","author":"Porcelli","year":"2016","journal-title":"OMICS"},{"key":"ref_193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1134\/S0026893313060046","article-title":"Polymorphism of RGS2 gene: Genetic markers of risk for schizophrenia and pharmacogenetic markers of typical neuroleptics efficiency","volume":"47","author":"Gareeva","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2014.11.011","article-title":"Pharmacogenetic predictor of extrapyramidal symptoms induced by antipsychotics: Multilocus interaction in the mTOR pathway","volume":"25","author":"Mas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-381328-2.00010-9","article-title":"Genetics of tardive dyskinesia","volume":"98","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881114523861","article-title":"Association of tardive dyskinesia with variation in CYP2D6: Is there a role for active metabolites?","volume":"28","author":"Koola","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs.16.26","article-title":"Pharmacogenetics of tardive dyskinesia: An updated review of the literature","volume":"17","author":"Lanning","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics"},{"key":"ref_198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1038\/tpj.2011.36","article-title":"DPP6 as a candidate gene for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia","volume":"13","author":"Tanaka","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pharmacogenom. J."},{"key":"ref_199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1038\/tpj.2011.32","article-title":"Support for association of HSPG2 with tardive dyskinesia in Caucasian populations","volume":"12","author":"Greenbaum","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pharmacogenom. J."},{"key":"ref_200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1038\/tpj.2010.93","article-title":"Association study of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CNR1) gene in tardive dyskinesia","volume":"12","author":"Tiwari","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pharmacogenom. J."},{"key":"ref_201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1760","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2013.07.025","article-title":"Association study of the vesicular monoamine transporter gene SLC18A2 with tardive dyskinesia","volume":"47","author":"Zai","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"ref_202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2018.02.011","article-title":"Genetics of tardive dyskinesia: Promising leads and ways forward","volume":"389","author":"Zai","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000417","article-title":"New findings in pharmacogenetics of schizophrenia","volume":"31","author":"Zai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.08.007","article-title":"Association study of Disrupted-In-Schizophrenia-1 gene variants and tardive dyskinesia","volume":"686","author":"Lu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"ref_205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1038\/s41397-018-0031-7","article-title":"UGT1A1 polymorphisms associated with prolactin response in risperidone-treated children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder","volume":"18","author":"Hongkaew","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharmacogenom. J."},{"key":"ref_206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12445","article-title":"Weight gain and obesity in schizophrenia: Epidemiology, pathobiology, and management","volume":"132","author":"Manu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"key":"ref_207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs.13.127","article-title":"Role of ethnicity in antipsychotic-induced weight gain and tardive dyskinesia: Genes or environment?","volume":"14","author":"Chan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics"},{"key":"ref_208","first-page":"1","article-title":"Molecular pathway analysis associates alterations in obesity-related genes and antipsychotic-induced weight gain","volume":"17","author":"Corfitsen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Neuropsychiatr."},{"key":"ref_209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1097\/YPG.0b013e32834acc85","article-title":"Association between schizophrenia and single nucleotide polymorphisms in lipoprotein lipase gene in a Han Chinese population","volume":"21","author":"Xie","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychiatr. Genet."},{"key":"ref_210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1038\/s41397-019-0101-5","article-title":"A functional HTR1A polymorphism, rs6295, predicts short-term response to lurasidone: Confirmation with meta-analysis of other antipsychotic drugs","volume":"20","author":"Yoshikawa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacogenom. J."},{"key":"ref_211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2013.02.030","article-title":"The CYP1A2 -163C>A polymorphism is associated with clozapine-induced generalized tonic-clonic seizures in Brazilian schizophrenia patients","volume":"209","author":"Kohlrausch","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"ref_212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2012.04.021","article-title":"Investigation of tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) in schizophrenia and in the response to antipsychotics","volume":"46","author":"Schuhmacher","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"ref_213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.2174\/1567205012666150204124310","article-title":"The prevalence of depression in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Chi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Alzheimer Res."},{"key":"ref_214","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-018-9396-2","article-title":"Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety and PTSD in People with Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"28","author":"Kuring","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropsychol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sol, K., Zaheed, A.B., Kraal, A.Z., Sharifian, N., Arce Renter\u00eda, M., and Zahodne, L.B. (2019). Psychological Predictors of Memory Decline in a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Longitudinal Sample of Older Adults in the United States. Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry.","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.5236"},{"key":"ref_216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2014.05.009","article-title":"Depression and dementia: Cause, consequence or coincidence?","volume":"79","author":"Bennett","year":"2014","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"ref_217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-019-0620-5","article-title":"Sex-specific depressive symptoms as markers of pre-Alzheimer dementia: Findings from the Three-City cohort study","volume":"9","author":"Norton","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1907","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.5209","article-title":"Association between brain amyloid accumulation and neuropsychological characteristics in elders with depression and mild cognitive impairment","volume":"34","author":"Youn","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.2019.1663127","article-title":"Understanding the effect of cognitive\/brain reserve and depression on regional atrophy in early Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"131","author":"Capogna","year":"2019","journal-title":"Postgrad. Med."},{"key":"ref_220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1159\/000500597","article-title":"Is Low Psychomotor Speed a Marker of Brain Vulnerability in Late Life? Digit Symbol Substitution Test in the Prediction of Alzheimer, Parkinson, Stroke, Disability, and Depression","volume":"47","author":"Amieva","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord."},{"key":"ref_221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-181099","article-title":"Examining the Link Between Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Major Depressive Disorder in Remission","volume":"67","author":"Fischer","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_222","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marshe, V.S., Islam, F., Maciukiewicz, M., Bousman, C., Eyre, H.A., Lavretsky, H., Mulsant, B.H., Reynolds, C.F., Lenze, E.J., and M\u00fcller, D.J. (2020). Pharmacogenetic Implications for Antidepressant Pharmacotherapy in Late-Life Depression: A Systematic Review of the Literature for Response, Pharmacokinetics and Adverse Drug Reactions. Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2020.01.007"},{"key":"ref_223","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.020","article-title":"Apolipoprotein E and affective symptoms in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s disease dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"96","author":"Banning","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"ref_224","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-180276","article-title":"The GWAS Risk Genes for Depression May Be Actively Involved in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"64","author":"Ni","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1007\/s40120-019-00148-5","article-title":"Diagnosing and Treating Depression in Patients with Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"8","author":"Burke","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_226","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-161247","article-title":"Efficacy of Antidepressants for Depression in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"58","author":"Orgeta","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.01067","article-title":"Pharmacological Treatment of Depression in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: A Challenging Task","volume":"10","author":"Cassano","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_228","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cacabelos, R. (2016). Trial-and-Error versus Personalized Treatment in Depression: The Power of Pharmacogenomics. J. Psychiatry Depress Anxiety, 2.","DOI":"10.24966\/PDA-0150\/100004"},{"key":"ref_229","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.2174\/1389202918666170426164940","article-title":"Optimization of antidepressant use with pharmacogenetic strategies","volume":"18","author":"Torrellas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Genom."},{"key":"ref_230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19m12910","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.19m12910","article-title":"Impact of Pharmacogenomics on Clinical Outcomes for Patients Taking Medications With Gene-Drug Interactions in a Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"80","author":"Thase","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2019.00690","article-title":"The Three Ps: Psychiatry, Pharmacy, and Pharmacogenomics, a Brief Report from New Zealand","volume":"10","author":"Maggo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_232","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e7860","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.7860","article-title":"Optimizing drug selection in psychopharmacology based on 40 significant CYP2C19- and CYP2D6-biased adverse drug reactions of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors","volume":"7","author":"Eugene","year":"2019","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"ref_233","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-190632","article-title":"QTc Prolongation in Patients with Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment: Neuropsychological and Brain Imaging Correlations","volume":"72","author":"Danese","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_234","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1002\/ddr.21609","article-title":"A pharmacogenetic risk score for the evaluation of major depression severity under treatment with antidepressants","volume":"81","author":"Kanders","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug Dev. Res."},{"key":"ref_235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_1209_17","article-title":"Pharmacogenetic analyses of variations of measures of cardiovascular risk in Alzheimer\u2019s dementia","volume":"150","author":"Berretta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J. Med. Res."},{"key":"ref_236","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hicks, J.K., Bishop, J.R., Gammal, R.S., Sangkuhl, K., Bousman, C.A., and Leeder, J.S. (2019). A Call for Clear and Consistent Communications Regarding the Role of Pharmacogenetics in Antidepressant Pharmacotherapy. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther.","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.1661"},{"key":"ref_237","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1111\/cts.12692","article-title":"Standardizing CYP2D6 Genotype to Phenotype Translation: Consensus Recommendations from the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium and Dutch Pharmacogenetics Working Group","volume":"13","author":"Caudle","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Transl. Sci."},{"key":"ref_238","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.1643","article-title":"PharmVar GeneReview: CYP2D","volume":"107","author":"Nofziger","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_239","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.05.036","article-title":"Twenty years of Lithium pharmacogenetics: A systematic review","volume":"278","author":"Pagani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"ref_240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2018.173","article-title":"Anxiety as a risk factor of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and vascular dementia","volume":"213","author":"Becker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_241","first-page":"397","article-title":"Updating the evidence for an association between anxiety and risk of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies","volume":"262","author":"Lipnicki","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_242","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317519841191","article-title":"Prevalence and Severity of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Early- Versus Late-Onset Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"34","author":"Baillon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Alzheimers Dis. Other Demen."},{"key":"ref_243","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-019-0505-0","article-title":"Anxiety correlates with cortical surface area in subjective cognitive decline: APOE \u03b54 carriers versus APOE \u03b54 non-carriers","volume":"11","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_244","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.5073","article-title":"Prevalence and determinants of subjective cognitive decline in a representative Greek elderly population","volume":"34","author":"Vlachos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry."},{"key":"ref_245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1177\/1060028019882037","article-title":"Is Benzodiazepine Use Associated With the Risk of Dementia and Cognitive Impairment-Not Dementia in Older Persons? The Canadian Study of Health and Aging","volume":"54","author":"Nafti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_246","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1159\/000504020","article-title":"Long-Term Occupational Sleep Loss and Post-Retirement Cognitive Decline or Dementia","volume":"48","author":"Thomas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord."},{"key":"ref_247","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30461-7","article-title":"Association between circadian rhythms and neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"18","author":"Leng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"ref_248","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Minakawa, E.N., Wada, K., and Nagai, Y. (2019). Sleep Disturbance as a Potential Modifiable Risk Factor for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20040803"},{"key":"ref_249","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.14358","article-title":"Interacting influences of aging and Alzheimer\u2019s disease on circadian rhythms","volume":"51","author":"Duncan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yesavage, J.A., Noda, A., Heath, A., McNerney, M.W., Domingue, B.W., Hernandez, Y., Benson, G., Hallmayer, J., O\u2019Hara, R., and Williams, L.M. (2019). Sleep-wake disorders in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Further genetic analyses in relation to objective sleep measures. Int. Psychogeriatr., 1\u20137.","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610219001777"},{"key":"ref_251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.04.008","article-title":"Abnormal circadian locomotor rhythms and Per gene expression in six-month-old triple transgenic mice model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"676","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"ref_252","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-018-0094-x","article-title":"Genetic variation in Aquaporin-4 moderates the relationship between sleep and brain A\u03b2-amyloid burden","volume":"8","author":"Mazzucchelli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_253","first-page":"93","article-title":"Homer1a and mGluR1\/5 Signaling in Homeostatic Sleep Drive and Output","volume":"92","author":"Martin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Yale J. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_254","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2019.04.018","article-title":"Evening melatonin timing secretion in real life conditions in patients with Alzheimer disease of mild to moderate severity","volume":"63","author":"Manni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"ref_255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2019.04.019","article-title":"Association between autophagy and rapid eye movement sleep loss-associated neurodegenerative and patho-physio-behavioral changes","volume":"63","author":"Chauhan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"ref_256","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1913383","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.13383","article-title":"Association of \u03b2-Amyloid Burden With Sleep Dysfunction and Cognitive Impairment in Elderly Individuals With Cognitive Disorders","volume":"2","author":"You","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"ref_257","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-019-0478-5","article-title":"Bidirectional relationship between sleep and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Role of amyloid, tau, and other factors","volume":"45","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"ref_258","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-019-02719-2","article-title":"Chronic Sleep Restriction Induces A\u03b2 Accumulation by Disrupting the Balance of A\u03b2 Production and Clearance in Rats","volume":"44","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"ref_259","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.12.004","article-title":"Alteration in sleep architecture and electroencephalogram as an early sign of Alzheimer\u2019s disease preceding the disease pathology and cognitive decline","volume":"15","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement."},{"key":"ref_260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00197","article-title":"Non-REM Sleep Characteristics Predict Early Cognitive Impairment in an Aging Population","volume":"10","author":"Taillard","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_261","first-page":"435","article-title":"Amyloid \u03b2 and tau are involved in sleep disorder in Alzheimer\u2019s disease by orexin A and adenosine A(1) receptor","volume":"43","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_262","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12782","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.12782","article-title":"Orexin receptor antagonists for the treatment of insomnia and potential treatment of other neuropsychiatric indications","volume":"28","author":"Herring","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Sleep Res."},{"key":"ref_263","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1684\/epd.2016.0808","article-title":"From here to epilepsy: The risk of seizure in patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"18","author":"Nicastro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epileptic Disord."},{"key":"ref_264","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2019.08.037","article-title":"Regulation of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease-Associated Proteins During the Course of Epileptogenesis: Differential Proteomic Analysis in a Rat Model","volume":"424","author":"Zellinger","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref_265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14043","article-title":"Increased risk of epilepsy in patients registered in the Swedish Dementia Registry","volume":"27","author":"Zelano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_266","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2019.06.033","article-title":"Increased CSF tau is associated with a higher risk of seizures in patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"98","author":"Lopes","year":"2019","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav."},{"key":"ref_267","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4494","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.14307","article-title":"Stage-dependent involvement of ADAM10 and its significance in epileptic seizures","volume":"23","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Cell Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_268","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e16782","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000016782","article-title":"Mapping the knowledge structure and trends of epilepsy genetics over the past decade: A co-word analysis based on medical subject headings terms","volume":"98","author":"Gan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_269","first-page":"87","article-title":"Effects of MTHFR and ABCC2 gene polymorphisms on antiepileptic drug responsiveness in Jordanian epileptic patients","volume":"12","author":"Mustafa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmgenom. Personalized Med."},{"key":"ref_270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30044-3","article-title":"Epileptic activity in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Causes and clinical relevance","volume":"16","author":"Vossel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"ref_271","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1080\/14737175.2017.1243469","article-title":"Treatment of epilepsy in patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"17","author":"Giorgi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Neurother."},{"key":"ref_272","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32596-0","article-title":"Epilepsy in adults","volume":"393","author":"Thijs","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_273","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23408","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms151223408","article-title":"PRRT2 mutations are related to febrile seizures in epileptic patients","volume":"15","author":"He","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_274","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5457","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-015-9457-y","article-title":"Contribution of GABRG2 polymorphisms to risk of epilepsy and febrile seizure: A multicenter cohort study and meta-analysis","volume":"53","author":"Haerian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1038\/jhg.2017.91","article-title":"The pharmacogenomics of valproic acid","volume":"62","author":"Zhu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"ref_276","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1867","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs.14.142","article-title":"Effects of major transporter and metabolizing enzyme gene polymorphisms on carbamazepine metabolism in Chinese patients with epilepsy","volume":"15","author":"Zhu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics"},{"key":"ref_277","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-017-2395-z","article-title":"Effect of UGT2B7 genotypes on plasma concentration of valproic acid: A meta-analysis","volume":"74","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_278","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs.11.64","article-title":"Association of genetic variants in six candidate genes with valproic acid therapy optimization","volume":"12","author":"Hung","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics"},{"key":"ref_279","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2017.01.014","article-title":"Pharmacogenomics in epilepsy","volume":"667","author":"Balestrini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"ref_280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2007","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs-2016-0093","article-title":"Polymorphisms of ABAT, SCN2A and ALDH5A1 may affect valproic acid responses in the treatment of epilepsy in Chinese","volume":"17","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics"},{"key":"ref_281","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.12473","article-title":"Cytochrome P450 2C19 polymorphisms and valproic acid-induced weight gain","volume":"133","author":"Noai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Neurol. Scand."},{"key":"ref_282","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"pyv021","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyv021","article-title":"Association of LEPR and ANKK1 Gene Polymorphisms with Weight Gain in Epilepsy Patients Receiving Valproic Acid","volume":"18","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_283","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2018.06.033","article-title":"Population pharmacokinetics of valproic acid in epileptic children: Effects of clinical and genetic factors","volume":"122","author":"Xu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_284","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs-2016-0030","article-title":"Influence of acylpeptide hydrolase polymorphisms on valproic acid level in Chinese epilepsy patients","volume":"17","author":"Wen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics"},{"key":"ref_285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2343","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-018-2659-8","article-title":"Sodium valproate ameliorates neuronal apoptosis in a kainic acid model of epilepsy via enhancing PKC-dependent GABAAR \u03b32 serine 327 phosphorylation","volume":"43","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"ref_286","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ogusu, N., Saruwatari, J., Nakashima, H., Noai, M., Nishimura, M., Deguchi, M., Oniki, K., Yasui-Furokori, N., Kaneko, S., and Ishitsu, T. (2014). Impact of the superoxide dismutase 2 Val16Ala polymorphism on the relationship between valproic acid exposure and elevation of \u03b3-glutamyltransferase in patients with epilepsy: A population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic analysis. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0111066"},{"key":"ref_287","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2016.12.015","article-title":"No association between non-bullous skin reactions from lamotrigine and heterozygosity of UGT1A4 genetic variants *2(P24T) or *3(L48V) in Norwegian patients","volume":"45","author":"Shirzadi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"ref_288","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0000000000000563","article-title":"A population Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacogenetic model of lamotrigine in Chinese children with epilepsy","volume":"40","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ther. Drug Monit."},{"key":"ref_289","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2016.09.004","article-title":"Specific OCT1 and ABCG2 polymorphisms are associated with Lamotrigine concentrations in Chinese patients with epilepsy","volume":"127","author":"Shen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res."},{"key":"ref_290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dmpk.2015.05.002","article-title":"Polymorphisms of ABCG2, ABCB1 and HNF4\u03b1 are associated with Lamotrigine trough concentrations in epilepsy patients","volume":"30","author":"Zhou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"ref_291","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.1004","article-title":"Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium Guideline for HLA Genotype and Use of Carbamazepine and Oxcarbazepine: 2017 Update","volume":"103","author":"Phillips","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_292","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs-2017-0189","article-title":"Association between HLA-B*15:02 and oxcarbazepine-induced cutaneous adverse reaction: A meta-analysis","volume":"19","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics"},{"key":"ref_293","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12217","article-title":"HLA-B alleles associated with severe cutaneous reactions to antiepileptic drugs in Han Chinese","volume":"54","author":"Cheung","year":"2013","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"ref_294","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1097\/FPC.0b013e3283527c40","article-title":"New pharmacogenetic test for detecting an HLA-A*31: 01 allele using the InvaderPlus assay","volume":"22","author":"Aoki","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pharmacogenet. Genom."},{"key":"ref_295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simper, G.S., Gr\u00e4ser, L.S., Celik, A.A., Kuhn, J., Kunze-Schumacher, H., and H\u00f2, G.T. (2019). The Mechanistic Differences in HLA-Associated Carbamazepine Hypersensitivity. Pharmaceutics, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics11100536"},{"key":"ref_296","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-5949.2012.00321.x","article-title":"Effects of SCN1A and GABA receptor genetic polymorphisms on carbamazepine tolerability and efficacy in Chinese patients with partial seizures: 2-year longitudinal clinical follow-up","volume":"18","author":"Zhou","year":"2012","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci. Ther."},{"key":"ref_297","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2017.07.015","article-title":"Effects of ABCB1, ABCC2, UGT2B7 and HNF4\u03b1 genetic polymorphisms on oxcarbazepine concentrations and therapeutic efficacy in patients with epilepsy","volume":"51","author":"Shen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"ref_298","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1007\/s13318-016-0397-3","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacogenetics of Carbamazepine in Children","volume":"42","author":"Djordjevic","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"ref_299","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2015.09.001","article-title":"Effects of CYP3A4\/5 and ABCB1 genetic polymorphisms on carbamazepine metabolism and transport in Chinese patients with epilepsy treated with carbamazepine in monotherapy and bitherapy","volume":"117","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res."},{"key":"ref_300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs.15.94","article-title":"Association between PK\/PD-involved gene polymorphisms and carbamazepine-individualized therapy","volume":"16","author":"Ma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics"},{"key":"ref_301","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs.14.186","article-title":"SCN1A, ABCC2 and UGT2B7 gene polymorphisms in association with individualized oxcarbazepine therapy","volume":"16","author":"Ma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics"},{"key":"ref_302","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs.11.141","article-title":"Association of polymorphisms in EPHX1, UGT2B7, ABCB1, ABCC2, SCN1A and SCN2A genes with carbamazepine therapy optimization","volume":"13","author":"Hung","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics"},{"key":"ref_303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs.12.117","article-title":"Effects of polymorphisms in six candidate genes on phenytoin maintenance therapy in Han Chinese patients","volume":"13","author":"Hung","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics"},{"key":"ref_304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.7859","article-title":"Genetic variants associated with phenytoin-related severe cutaneous adverse reactions","volume":"312","author":"Chung","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e332","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004853","article-title":"Genetic variation in CFH predicts phenytoin-induced maculopapular exanthema in European-descent patients","volume":"90","author":"McCormack","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_306","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24886","article-title":"Pharmacogenetics of antiepileptic drug efficacy in childhood absence epilepsy","volume":"81","author":"Glauser","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12182","article-title":"The intrinsic severity hypothesis of pharmacoresistance to antiepileptic drugs","volume":"54","author":"Rogawski","year":"2013","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"ref_308","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2010.05.004","article-title":"ABCB1 C3435T polymorphism and the risk of resistance to antiepileptic drugs in epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"19","author":"Haerian","year":"2010","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"ref_309","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1080\/00207454.2017.1412964","article-title":"Association between ABCB1 polymorphisms and response to first-generation antiepileptic drugs in a Tunisian epileptic population","volume":"128","author":"Ajmi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-5949.2012.00336.x","article-title":"ABCC2 polymorphisms and haplotype are associated with drug resistance in Chinese epileptic patients","volume":"18","author":"Qu","year":"2012","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci. Ther."},{"key":"ref_311","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2015.05.013","article-title":"Association study between polymorphisms in the CACNA1A, CACNA1C, and CACNA1H genes and drug-resistant epilepsy in the Chinese Han population","volume":"30","author":"Lv","year":"2015","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"ref_312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Daci, A., Bozalija, A., Jashari, F., and Krasniqi, S. (2018). Individualizing treatment approaches for epileptic patients with glucose transporter type1 (GLUT-1) deficiency. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19010122"},{"key":"ref_313","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs.14.89","article-title":"Association of SCN1A, SCN2A and ABCC2 gene polymorphisms with the response to antiepileptic drugs in Chinese Han patients with epilepsy","volume":"15","author":"Ma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics"},{"key":"ref_314","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs.13.239","article-title":"ABCC2 rs2273697 and rs3740066 polymorphisms and resistance to antiepileptic drugs in Asia Pacific epilepsy cohorts","volume":"15","author":"Haerian","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics"},{"key":"ref_315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2016.01.006","article-title":"Effectiveness of antiepileptic therapy in patients with PCDH19 mutations","volume":"35","author":"Lotte","year":"2016","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"ref_316","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2014.04.003","article-title":"Effect of CYP2C19 polymorphisms on stiripentol administration in Japanese cases of Dravet syndrome","volume":"37","author":"Kouga","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Dev."},{"key":"ref_317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1849","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs.13.158","article-title":"Gene-wide tagging study of the effects of common genetic polymorphisms in the \u03b1 subunits of the GABA(A) receptor on epilepsy treatment response","volume":"14","author":"Hung","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics"},{"key":"ref_318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2019.05.021","article-title":"Structural and molecular aspects of betaine-GABA transporter 1 (BGT1) and its relation to brain function","volume":"161","author":"Kickinger","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"ref_319","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1948","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.15508","article-title":"Cumulative antidepressant use and risk of dementia in a prospective cohort study","volume":"66","author":"Heath","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"key":"ref_320","first-page":"419","article-title":"Prevalence of extrapyramidal side effects in patients on antipsychotics drugs at a Tertiary Care Center","volume":"20","author":"Kirgaval","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_321","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2009.02617.x","article-title":"An evaluation of an adapted U.S. model of pharmaceutical care to improve psychoactive prescribing for nursing home residents in Northern Ireland (Fleetwood Northern Ireland study)","volume":"58","author":"Patterson","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"key":"ref_322","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1136\/qshc.2009.034231","article-title":"Care homes\u2019 use of medicines study: Prevalence, causes and potential harm of medication errors in care homes for older people","volume":"18","author":"Barber","year":"2009","journal-title":"Qual. Saf. Health Care"},{"key":"ref_323","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1177\/2042098611406167","article-title":"Pharmacy interventions on prescribing in nursing homes: From evidence to practice","volume":"2","author":"Hughes","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Drug Saf."},{"key":"ref_324","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1498","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.5160","article-title":"Potentially inappropriate prescribing in people with dementia: An Australian population-based study","volume":"34","author":"Eshetie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20190857","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2019-0857","article-title":"CYP2C19 Phenotype and Risk of Proton Pump Inhibitor-Associated Infections","volume":"144","author":"Bernal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2280","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61994-2","article-title":"Genetics and the clinical response to warfarin and edoxaban: Findings from the randomised, double-blind ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 trial","volume":"385","author":"Mega","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_327","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.5414\/CP202494","article-title":"Warfarin dose requirements with different genotypes of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 for patients with atrial fibrillation and valve replacement","volume":"55","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_328","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-511X-12-149","article-title":"Association of GGCX gene polymorphism with warfarin dose in atrial fibrillation population in Xinjiang","volume":"12","author":"Kamali","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis."},{"key":"ref_329","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.015936","article-title":"Pharmacogenetic associations of \u03b21-adrenergic receptor polymorphisms with cardiovascular outcomes in the SPS3 Trial (Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes)","volume":"48","author":"Magvanjav","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-017-2198-2","article-title":"Platelet receptor Gene (P2Y12, P2Y1) and platelet glycoprotein Gene (GPIIIa) polymorphisms are associated with antiplatelet drug responsiveness and clinical outcomes after acute minor ischemic stroke","volume":"73","author":"Yi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_331","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1097\/FPC.0000000000000088","article-title":"Pharmacogenetic effects of \u2018candidate gene complexes\u2019 on stroke in the GenHAT study","volume":"24","author":"Vazquez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharmacogenet. Genom."},{"key":"ref_332","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1007\/s40292-019-00342-4","article-title":"Effect of CYP3A4, CYP3A5, ABCB1 Gene Polymorphisms on Rivaroxaban Pharmacokinetics in Patients Undergoing Total Hip and Knee Replacement Surgery","volume":"26","author":"Sychev","year":"2019","journal-title":"High Blood Press. Cardiovasc. Prev."},{"key":"ref_333","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e001652","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.114.001652","article-title":"CYP2C19 metabolizer status and clopidogrel efficacy in the Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes (SPS3) study","volume":"4","author":"McDonough","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"ref_334","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1038\/s41397-018-0018-4","article-title":"Impact of CYP2C19 polymorphism in prognosis of minor stroke or TIA patients with declined eGFR on dual antiplatelet therapy: CHANCE substudy","volume":"18","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharmacogenom. J."},{"key":"ref_335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.2174\/1574884712666170227154654","article-title":"Potential usefulness of clopidogrel Pharmacogenetics in cerebral endovascular procedures and carotid artery stenting","volume":"12","author":"Duconge","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_336","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.2147\/PGPM.S222212","article-title":"The AKR1D1*36 (rs1872930) allelic variant is independently associated with clopidogrel treatment outcome","volume":"12","author":"Dimovski","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacogenom. Personalized Med."},{"key":"ref_337","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.115.012237","article-title":"TRAF3 epigenetic regulation is associated with vascular recurrence in patients with ischemic stroke","volume":"47","author":"Carrera","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_338","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1080\/17425255.2019.1623878","article-title":"Pharmacogenetics of anticoagulants used for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation","volume":"15","author":"Kampouraki","year":"2019","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Drug Metab. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_339","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-019-1582-5","article-title":"The broad spectrum mixed-lineage kinase 3 inhibitor URMC-099 prevents acute microgliosis and cognitive decline in a mouse model of perioperative neurocognitive disorders","volume":"16","author":"Kong","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflamm."},{"key":"ref_340","first-page":"674","article-title":"Pharmacogenomics and OUD: Clinical Decision Support in an African American Cohort","volume":"11","author":"Ettienne","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Natl. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_341","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1957","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.13976","article-title":"Anticholinergic medicines use among older adults before and after initiating dementia medicines","volume":"85","author":"Narayan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_342","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.2131\/jts.44.681","article-title":"Long-term administration of excess zinc impairs learning and memory in aged mice","volume":"44","author":"Yoshida","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_343","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-190015","article-title":"Air Pollution, Stress, and Allostatic Load: Linking Systemic and Central Nervous System Impacts","volume":"69","author":"Thomson","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_344","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1007\/s00775-019-01710-0","article-title":"Aluminium in human brain tissue: How much is too much?","volume":"54","author":"Exley","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Biol. Inorg. Chem."},{"key":"ref_345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2179","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.14596","article-title":"The epidemiology of drug-resistant epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"59","author":"Kalilani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"ref_346","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2014.05.005","article-title":"Prevalence of drug resistant epilepsy in adults with epilepsy attending a neurology clinic of a tertiary referral hospital in Singapore","volume":"108","author":"Kong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res."},{"key":"ref_347","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kalozoumi, G., Kel-Margoulis, O., Vafiadaki, E., Greenberg, D., Bernard, H., Soreq, H., Depaulis, A., and Sanoudou, D. (2018). Glial responses during epileptogenesis in Mus musculus point to potential therapeutic targets. PLoS ONE, 13.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0201742"},{"key":"ref_348","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1080\/17425255.2018.1473377","article-title":"Clinical reappraisal of the influence of drug-transporter polymorphisms in epilepsy","volume":"14","author":"Orlandi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Drug Metab. Toxicol."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/21\/9\/3059\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T13:51:21Z","timestamp":1760363481000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/21\/9\/3059"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,26]]},"references-count":348,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms21093059"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms21093059","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,26]]}}}