{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T03:45:52Z","timestamp":1790739952593,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,29]],"date-time":"2020-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588118400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Demands for safe depigmentation compounds are constantly increasing in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry, since the numerous relevant compounds reported to date have shown undesirable side effects or low anti-melanogenic effects. In this study, we reported three novel inhibitors of tyrosinase, which is the key enzyme in melanogenesis, identified using docking-based high throughput virtual screening of an in-house natural compound library followed by mushroom tyrosinase inhibition assay. Of the three compounds, gallacetophenone showed high anti-melanogenic effect in both human epidermal melanocytes and a 3D human skin model, MelanoDerm. The inhibitory effect of gallacetophenone on tyrosinase was elucidated by computational molecular modeling at the atomic level. Binding of gallacetophenone to the active site of tyrosinase was found to be stabilized by hydrophobic interactions with His367, Ile368, and Val377; hydrogen bonding with Ser380 and a water molecule bridging the copper ions. Thus, our results strongly suggested gallacetophenone as an anti-melanogenic ingredient that inhibits tyrosinase.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21093144","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,29]],"date-time":"2020-04-29T13:23:45Z","timestamp":1588166625000},"page":"3144","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Tyrosinase-Targeting Gallacetophenone Inhibits Melanogenesis in Melanocytes and Human Skin- Equivalents"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Ji Young","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Amorepacific Corporation R&amp;D Center, Yongin City, Gyunggi-do 17074, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2950-5534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jooyun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioinformatics and Molecular Design Research Center (BMDRC), Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daejin","family":"Min","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amorepacific Corporation R&amp;D Center, Yongin City, Gyunggi-do 17074, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0975-7873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juewon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amorepacific Corporation R&amp;D Center, Yongin City, Gyunggi-do 17074, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyoung-June","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amorepacific Corporation R&amp;D Center, Yongin City, Gyunggi-do 17074, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyoung Tai","family":"No","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea"},{"name":"Bioinformatics and Molecular Design Research Center (BMDRC), Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7395","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.7b00967","article-title":"Inhibitors of Melanogenesis: An Updated Review","volume":"61","author":"Pillaiyar","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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