{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T00:43:59Z","timestamp":1760402639163,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":143,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,2]],"date-time":"2020-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588377600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"undefined  &lt;span style=&quot;color:gray;font-size:10px;&quot;&gt;undefined&lt;\/span&gt;","award":["Work was supported by grants: 2013\/11\/N\/NZ5\/03394 (to MR) and 2012\/07\/B\/ NZ5\/02444 (to BC) from The National Science Centre, Poland."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Work was supported by grants: 2013\/11\/N\/NZ5\/03394 (to MR) and 2012\/07\/B\/ NZ5\/02444 (to BC) from The National Science Centre, Poland."]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Transcription factor Prospero homeobox 1 (PROX1) is continuously expressed in the lymphatic endothelial cells, playing an essential role in their differentiation. Many reports have shown that PROX1 is implicated in cancer development and acts as an oncoprotein or suppressor in a tissue-dependent manner. Additionally, the PROX1 expression in many types of tumors has prognostic significance and is associated with patient outcomes. In our previous experimental studies, we showed that PROX1 is present in the thyroid cancer (THC) cells of different origins and has a high impact on follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) phenotypes, regulating migration, invasion, focal adhesion, cytoskeleton reorganization, and angiogenesis. Herein, we discuss the PROX1 transcript and protein structures, the expression pattern of PROX1 in THC specimens, and its epigenetic regulation. Next, we emphasize the biological processes and genes regulated by PROX1 in CGTH-W-1 cells, derived from squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland. Finally, we discuss the interaction of PROX1 with other lymphatic factors. In our review, we aimed to highlight the importance of vascular molecules in cancer development and provide an update on the functionality of PROX1 in THC biology regulation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21093220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,4]],"date-time":"2020-05-04T14:00:43Z","timestamp":1588600843000},"page":"3220","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The Impact of Transcription Factor Prospero Homeobox 1 on the Regulation of Thyroid Cancer Malignancy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9912-2128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Rudzi\u0144ska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7701-760X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara","family":"Czarnocka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/0925-4773(93)90012-M","article-title":"Prox 1, a prospero-related homeobox gene expressed during mouse development","volume":"44","author":"Oliver","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mech. Dev."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0177(199608)206:4<354::AID-AJA2>3.0.CO;2-H","article-title":"Chicken homeobox gene Prox 1 related to Drosophila prospero is expressed in the developing lens and retina","volume":"206","author":"Tomarev","year":"1996","journal-title":"Dev. Dyn."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1038\/76996","article-title":"Hepatocyte migration during liver development requires Prox1","volume":"25","author":"Wigle","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.030007","article-title":"Prox1 maintains muscle structure and growth in the developing heart","volume":"136","author":"Risebro","year":"2009","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2005.07.021","article-title":"Prox1 activity controls pancreas morphogenesis and participates in the production of \u201csecondary transition\u201d pancreatic endocrine cells","volume":"286","author":"Wang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dev. Biol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.10163","article-title":"Prox1 is a master control gene in the program specifying lymphatic endothelial cell fate","volume":"225","author":"Hong","year":"2002","journal-title":"Dev. Dyn."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.1996.0392","article-title":"Structure and chromosomal localization of the human homeobox gene Prox 1","volume":"35","author":"Zinovieva","year":"1996","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6005","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-06-0712","article-title":"A homeobox protein, Prox1, is involved in the differentiation, proliferation, and prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"12","author":"Shimoda","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3868","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-011-1683-6","article-title":"Transcriptional Factor Prox1 Plays an Essential Role in the Antiproliferative Action of Interferon-gamma in Esophageal Cancer Cells","volume":"18","author":"Akagami","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. Surg. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"883","article-title":"Role of lymphangiogenesis and lymphangiogenic factors during pancreatic cancer progression and lymphatic spread","volume":"28","author":"Schneider","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rodrigues, M., Rodini, C.D.O., Xavier, F., Paiva, K.B., Severino, P., Moyses, R.A., Lopez, R.M., DeCicco, R., Rocha, L.A., and Carvalho, M.B. (2014). PROX1 Gene is Differentially Expressed in Oral Cancer and Reduces Cellular Proliferation. Medicine, 93.","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000000192"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1002\/gcc.10248","article-title":"Mutations and aberrant DNA methylation of the PROX1 gene in hematologic malignancies","volume":"38","author":"Nagai","year":"2003","journal-title":"Genes Chromosomes Cancer"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.22705","article-title":"Epigenetic silencing of the candidate tumor suppressor gene PROX1 in sporadic breast cancer","volume":"121","author":"Versmold","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J.Cancer"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2006.07.033","article-title":"Prospero-related homeobox 1 (PROX1) is frequently inactivated by genomic deletions and epigenetic silencing in carcinomas of the bilary system","volume":"46","author":"Laerm","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-15-1199","article-title":"Aberrant Activation of Notch Signaling Inhibits PROX1 Activity to Enhance the Malignant Behavior of Thyroid Cancer Cells","volume":"76","author":"Choi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2011.297","article-title":"Expression and prognostic value of transcription factor PROX1 in colorectal cancer","volume":"105","author":"Skog","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2798","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2008.176","article-title":"Prox-1 Promotes Invasion of Kaposiform Hemangioendotheliomas","volume":"128","author":"Dadras","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0b013e3181ca4767","article-title":"Expression of PROX1 Is a Common Feature of High-Grade Malignant Astrocytic Gliomas","volume":"69","author":"Elsir","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2011.162","article-title":"PROX1 is a predictor of survival for gliomas WHO grade II","volume":"104","author":"Elsir","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114136","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.23167","article-title":"The role of prospero homeobox 1 (PROX1) expression in follicular thyroid carcinoma cells","volume":"8","author":"Rudzinska","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rudzinska, M., Grzanka, M., Stachurska, A., Mikula, M., Paczkowska, K., Stepien, T., Paziewska, A., Ostrowski, J., and Czarnocka, B. (2019). Molecular Signature of Prospero Homeobox 1 (PROX1) in Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma Cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20092212"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rudzinska, M., Mikula, M., Arczewska, K.D., Gajda, E., Sabalinska, S., Stepien, T., Ostrowski, J., and Czarnocka, B. (2019). Transcription Factor Prospero Homeobox 1 (PROX1) as a Potential Angiogenic Regulator of Follicular Thyroid Cancer Dissemination. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20225619"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2014.1","article-title":"Current Thyroid Cancer Trends in the United States","volume":"140","author":"Davies","year":"2014","journal-title":"Jama Otolaryngology-Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"4276435","article-title":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Thyroid as a result of Anaplastic Transformation from BRAF-Positive Papillary Thyroid Cancer","volume":"2017","author":"Basnet","year":"2017","journal-title":"Case Rep. Oncol. Med."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1007\/s00292-015-0071-6","article-title":"Lymph node and distant metastases of thyroid gland cancer. Metastases in the thyroid glands]","volume":"36","author":"Schmid","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pathologe"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-6614-6-S1-S7","article-title":"Treatment of advanced medullary thyroid cancer","volume":"6","author":"Smit","year":"2013","journal-title":"Thyroid Research"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1007\/s13402-016-0281-9","article-title":"The role of lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis in tumor metastasis","volume":"39","author":"Paduch","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1087-0024.2000.00001.x","article-title":"Structure, Function, and Molecular Control of the Skin Lymphatic System","volume":"5","author":"Skobe","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol. Symp. Proc."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/94.11.819","article-title":"Suppression of tumor lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis by blocking vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 signaling","volume":"94","author":"He","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Natl. Cancer Inst."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2008.02.020","article-title":"Transcription factor PROM induces colon cancer progression by promoting the transition from benign to highly dysplastic phenotype","volume":"13","author":"Petrova","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2006.02.018","article-title":"The VEGF-C\/Flt-4 axis promotes invasion and metastasis of cancer cells","volume":"9","author":"Su","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rudzi\u0144ska, M., Gawe\u0142, D., Sikorska, J., Karpi\u0144ska, K.M., Kiedrowski, M., St\u0119pie\u0144, T., Marchlewska, M., and Czarnocka, B. (2014). The role of podoplanin in the biology of differentiated thyroid cancers. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0096541"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sikorska, J., Gawel, D., Domek, H., Rudzinska, M., and Czarnocka, B. (2019). Podoplanin (PDPN) affects the invasiveness of thyroid carcinoma cells by inducing ezrin, radixin and moesin (E\/R\/M) phosphorylation in association with matrix metalloproteinases. BMC Cancer, 19.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-018-5239-z"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8481","DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S178916","article-title":"Upregulation of SOX18 in colorectal cancer cells promotes proliferation and correlates with colorectal cancer risk","volume":"11","author":"Miao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Onco. Targets Ther."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qin, J., Tsai, S.Y., and Tsai, M.J. (2014). The critical roles of COUP-TFII in tumor progression and metastasis. Cell Biosci., 4.","DOI":"10.1186\/2045-3701-4-58"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.5306\/wjco.v2.i3.150","article-title":"Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: A comprehensive review of current and future therapeutic options","volume":"2","author":"Perri","year":"2011","journal-title":"World J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.3747\/co.26.5539","article-title":"Diagnosis and pathologic characteristics of medullary thyroid carcinoma\u2014review of current guidelines","volume":"26","author":"Thomas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.3803\/EnM.2018.33.2.185","article-title":"Management of low-risk papillary thyroid cancer","volume":"33","author":"Brito","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1159\/000468927","article-title":"Radioiodine ablation following thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer: Literature review of utility, dose, and toxicity","volume":"6","author":"Andresen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Thyroid. J."},{"key":"ref_40","unstructured":"Portela, R.A., Choby, G.W., Manni, A., Campbell, D., Crist, H., and Goldenberg, D. (2015). Unusual sites of metastasis of papillary thyroid cancer: Case series and review of the literature. ENT: Ear, Nose & Throat J., 94."},{"key":"ref_41","unstructured":"Howlader, N., Noone, A., Krapcho, M., Miller, D., Brest, A., Yu, M., Ruhl, J., Tatalovich, Z., Mariotto, A., and Lewis, D. (2019). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2016."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1308\/003588406X117043","article-title":"Medullary thyroid carcinoma\u2013update and present management controversies","volume":"88","author":"Wheeler","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann. Royal Coll. Surg. Engl."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2500","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-008-0005-0","article-title":"Treatment outcomes in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: Survival improvement in young patients with localized disease treated by combination of surgery and radiotherapy","volume":"15","author":"Yau","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann. Surg. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S19","DOI":"10.21037\/gs.2017.11.07","article-title":"Molecular testing in the diagnosis of differentiated thyroid carcinomas","volume":"7","author":"Ferrari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gland Surg."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3431","article-title":"Molecular pathogenesis and mechanisms of thyroid cancer","volume":"13","author":"Xing","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Trudel, S., Odolczyk, N., Dremaux, J., Toffin, J., Regnier, A., Sevestre, H., Zielenkiewicz, P., Arnault, J.P., and Gubler, B. (2014). The clinical response to vemurafenib in a patient with a rare BRAFV600DK601del mutation-positive melanoma. BMC Cancer, 14.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-14-727"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2013-0072","article-title":"RAS Mutations in Thyroid Cancer","volume":"18","author":"Howell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2013.12.007","article-title":"An update on molecular biology of thyroid cancers","volume":"90","author":"Omur","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-08-0933","article-title":"High Rate of BRAF and RET\/PTC Dual Mutations Associated with Recurrent Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma","volume":"15","author":"Henderson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-06-1125","article-title":"Genetic alterations and their relationship in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase\/Akt pathway in thyroid cancer","volume":"13","author":"Hou","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xing, M. (2016). Clinical utility of RAS mutations in thyroid cancer: A blurred picture now emerging clearer. BMC Med., 14.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-016-0559-9"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2011.0261","article-title":"The associations between RAS mutations and clinical characteristics in follicular thyroid tumors: New insights from a single center and a large patient cohort","volume":"22","author":"Fukahori","year":"2012","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2010.0365","article-title":"Frequency of Germline PTEN Mutations in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer","volume":"21","author":"Nagy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2010.1646","article-title":"Genetic Alterations in the Phosphatidylinositol-3 Kinase\/Akt Pathway in Thyroid Cancer","volume":"20","author":"Xing","year":"2010","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021020","article-title":"Detection of the PAX8-PPAR gamma fusion oncogene in both follicular thyroid carcinomas and adenomas","volume":"88","author":"Cheung","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2008.09.017","article-title":"Molecular pathology of thyroid cancer: Diagnostic and clinical implications","volume":"22","author":"Fagin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_57","first-page":"485","article-title":"A Brief Review on The Molecular Basis of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma","volume":"18","author":"Mohammadi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell J"},{"key":"ref_58","first-page":"121","article-title":"The prevalence of somatic RAS mutations in medullary thyroid cancer - a Polish population study","volume":"66","author":"Pfeifer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endokrynol. Pol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-13-0210","article-title":"Highly prevalent TERT promoter mutations in aggressive thyroid cancers","volume":"20","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Endocr. Relat. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-16-0402","article-title":"A six-genotype genetic prognostic model for papillary thyroid cancer","volume":"24","author":"Shen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocr. Relat. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-019-02117-2","article-title":"Association between TERT promoter mutations and clinical behaviors in differentiated thyroid carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"67","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1752","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.31888","article-title":"Analysis of the cancer genome atlas data to determine the correlation between PROX1 and TERT in hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"144","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dudas, J., Mansuroglu, T., Moriconi, F., Haller, F., Wilting, J., Lorf, T., F\u00fczesi, L., and Ramadori, G. (2008). Altered regulation of Prox1-gene-expression in liver tumors. BMC Cancer, 8.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-8-92"},{"key":"ref_64","first-page":"163","article-title":"Threading analysis of prospero-type homeodomains","volume":"1","author":"Landsman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Silico. Biol."},{"key":"ref_65","first-page":"318","article-title":"Prox1 and fibroblast growth factor receptors form a novel regulatory loop controlling lens fiber differentiation and gene expression","volume":"143","author":"Audette","year":"2016","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yoo, J., Kang, J., Lee, H.N., Aguilar, B., Kafka, D., Lee, S., Choi, I., Lee, J., Ramu, S., and Haas, J. (2010). Kaposin-B Enhances the PROX1 mRNA Stability during Lymphatic Reprogramming of Vascular Endothelial Cells by Kaposi\u2019s Sarcoma Herpes Virus. PLoS Pathog., 6.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1001046"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1593\/neo.06595","article-title":"Loss of function of the candidate tumor suppressor prox1 by RNA mutation in human cancer cells","volume":"8","author":"Takahashi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neoplasia"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2395","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-12-256297","article-title":"Prox1 expression is negatively regulated by miR-181 in endothelial cells","volume":"116","author":"Kazenwadel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1126\/science.290.5497.1765","article-title":"Requirement of the RNA editing deaminase ADAR1 gene for embryonic erythropoiesis","volume":"290","author":"Wang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2007.05.071","article-title":"RNA mutations of prox1 detected in human esophageal cancer cells by the shifted termination assay","volume":"359","author":"Yoshimoto","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1738","DOI":"10.2337\/db12-0864","article-title":"Genetic and molecular insights into the role of PROX1 in glucose metabolism","volume":"62","author":"Lecompte","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygeno.2016.11.001","article-title":"Methylation status of homeobox genes in common human cancers","volume":"108","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2016","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14082","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0804597105","article-title":"Dicer-dependent endothelial microRNAs are necessary for postnatal angiogenesis","volume":"105","author":"Yu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvn156","article-title":"Role of microRNAs in vascular diseases, inflammation, and angiogenesis","volume":"79","author":"Urbich","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3620","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00185-10","article-title":"miR-31 functions as a negative regulator of lymphatic vascular lineage-specific differentiation in vitro and vascular development in vivo","volume":"30","author":"Pedrioli","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seo, M., Choi, J.S., Rho, C.R., Joo, C.K., and Lee, S.K. (2015). MicroRNA miR-466 inhibits Lymphangiogenesis by targeting prospero-related homeobox 1 in the alkali burn corneal injury model. J. Biomed. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-014-0104-0"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shen, Y., Xia, E., Bhandari, A., Wang, X., and Guo, G. (2018). LncRNA PROX1-AS1 promotes proliferation, invasion, and migration in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Biosci. Rep., 38.","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20180862"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saukkonen, K., Hagstr\u00f6m, J., Mustonen, H., Juuti, A., Nordling, S., Kallio, P., Alitalo, K., Sepp\u00e4nen, H., and Haglund, C. (2016). PROX1 and \u03b2-catenin are prognostic markers in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. BMC Cancer, 16.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-016-2497-5"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2016.6075","article-title":"PROX1 promotes human glioblastoma cell proliferation and invasion via activation of the nuclear factor-kappaB signaling pathway","volume":"15","author":"Xu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5524","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2015.7","article-title":"PROX1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma proliferation and sorafenib resistance by enhancing \u03b2-catenin expression and nuclear translocation","volume":"34","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2010-0452","article-title":"Estrogen receptor beta induces antiinflammatory and antitumorigenic networks in colon cancer cells","volume":"25","author":"Edvardsson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04480","article-title":"Lymphangiogenesis in development and human disease","volume":"438","author":"Alitalo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2015-1973","article-title":"PROX1 Promotes Secretory Granule Formation in Medullary Thyroid Cancer Cells","volume":"157","author":"Ishii","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3282","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1727208","article-title":"Lymphatic endothelial cell identity is reversible and its maintenance requires Prox1 activity","volume":"22","author":"Johnson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"ref_85","unstructured":"Reunanen, N., and K\u00e4h\u00e4ri, V. (2013). Matrix Metalloproteinases in Cancer Cell Invasion. Madame Curie Bioscience Database, Landes Bioscience."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03344028","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression by differentiated thyroid carcinoma of children and adolescents","volume":"25","author":"Patel","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol. Invest."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.24462","article-title":"Urokinase receptor, MMP-1 and MMP-9 are markers to differentiate prognosis, adenoma and carcinoma in thyroid malignancies","volume":"125","author":"Buergy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/S0344-0338(96)80125-7","article-title":"Expression of MMP-1 in the capsule of thyroid cancer--relationship with invasiveness","volume":"192","author":"Kameyama","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pathol Res Pract"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Somerville, T.D.D., Xu, Y., Wu, X.S., and Vakoc, C.R. (2019). ZBED2 is an antagonist of Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 and modulates cell identity in pancreatic cancer. BioRxiv.","DOI":"10.1101\/868141"},{"key":"ref_90","first-page":"105","article-title":"Genome-wide gene expression profiles of thyroid carcinoma: Identification of molecular targets for treatment of thyroid carcinoma","volume":"20","author":"Nikolova","year":"2008","journal-title":"Oncol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13345","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1307074110","article-title":"Structural basis of Vps33A recruitment to the human HOPS complex by Vps16","volume":"110","author":"Graham","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6352","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aan2507","article-title":"A pathology atlas of the human cancer transcriptome","volume":"357","author":"Uhlen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1093\/abbs\/gmn021","article-title":"Pathogenic mutations of nuclear genes associated with mitochondrial disorders","volume":"41","author":"Zhu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta. Biochim. Biophys. Sin."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2011.08.003","article-title":"Biomarker signatures of mitochondrial NDUFS3 in invasive breast carcinoma","volume":"412","author":"Suhane","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_95","unstructured":"Namavar, Y., Eggens, V.R., Barth, P.G., and Baas, F. (2016). TSEN54-Related Pontocerebellar Hypoplasia. GeneReviews, University of Washington."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aac7557","article-title":"Gene essentiality and synthetic lethality in haploid human cells","volume":"350","author":"Blomen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1002\/mc.22548","article-title":"CACNA2D3 is downregulated in gliomas and functions as a tumor suppressor","volume":"56","author":"Jin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Carcinog."},{"key":"ref_98","first-page":"121","article-title":"Progesterone induces cell apoptosis via the CACNA2D3\/Ca2+\/p38 MAPK pathway in endometrial cancer","volume":"43","author":"Kong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oncol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28532","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.25536","article-title":"Prostate cancer susceptibility gene HIST1H1A is a modulator of androgen receptor signaling and epithelial to mesenchymal transition","volume":"9","author":"Williams","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.4149\/neo_2018_171024N680","article-title":"Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase as a potential marker for cancer","volume":"65","author":"Lu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neoplasma"},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4990","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021843","article-title":"Enhanced expression of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase in human papillary thyroid carcinoma cells","volume":"88","author":"Xu","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-017-2393-7","article-title":"Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4A1 (SLCO4A1) as a prognosis marker of colorectal cancer","volume":"143","author":"Ban","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.101749","article-title":"Expression and gene regulation network of RBM8A in hepatocellular carcinoma based on data mining","volume":"11","author":"Lin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-4598-9-264","article-title":"Frequent epigenetic inactivation of RASSF2 in thyroid cancer and functional consequences","volume":"9","author":"Schagdarsurengin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Novak, D., Huser, L., Elton, J.J., Umansky, V., Altevogt, P., and Utikal, J. (2019). SOX2 in development and cancer biology. Semin. Cancer Biol.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2019.08.007"},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e3283486178","article-title":"BRAF, p53 and SOX2 in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: Evidence for multistep carcinogenesis","volume":"43","author":"Gauchotte","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pathology"},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.12953","article-title":"MXRA5 is a TGF-beta1-regulated human protein with anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties","volume":"21","author":"Poveda","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Cell Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chakladar, J., Li, W.T., Bouvet, M., Chang, E.Y., Wang-Rodriguez, J., and Ongkeko, W.M. (2019). Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Variants are Characterized by Co-dysregulation of Immune and Cancer Associated Genes. Cancers, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers11081179"},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3298","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.13623","article-title":"The role of septin 7 in physiology and pathological disease: A systematic review of current status","volume":"22","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Cell Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2726","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2012.301","article-title":"CD97 amplifies LPA receptor signaling and promotes thyroid cancer progression in a mouse model","volume":"32","author":"Ward","year":"2012","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3495","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1207468","article-title":"Niban gene is commonly expressed in the renal tumors: A new candidate marker for renal carcinogenesis","volume":"23","author":"Adachi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-17-0530","article-title":"FAM129A regulates autophagy in thyroid carcinomas in an oncogene-dependent manner","volume":"26","author":"Nozima","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endocr. Relat. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2011.188","article-title":"The new molecular markers DDIT3, STT3A, ARG2 and FAM129A are not useful in diagnosing thyroid follicular tumors","volume":"25","author":"Sigstad","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mod. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cerutti, J.M., Oler, G., Delcelo, R., Gerardt, R., Michaluart, P., de Souza, S.J., Galante, P.A., Huang, P., and Riggins, G.J. (2020). PVALB, a New H\u00fcrthle Adenoma Diagnostic Marker Identified through Gene Expression. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 96.","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-1318"},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62019","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.11495","article-title":"Ferritin heavy chain is a negative regulator of ovarian cancer stem cell expansion and epithelial to mesenchymal transition","volume":"7","author":"Lobello","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1998","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkx1248","article-title":"A FTH1 gene:pseudogene:microRNA network regulates tumorigenesis in prostate cancer","volume":"46","author":"Chan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nucleic. Acids. Res."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6605111","article-title":"Death-associated protein 3 is overexpressed in human thyroid oncocytic tumours","volume":"101","author":"Jacques","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-13-3563","article-title":"\u03b1-tubulin acetylation elevated in metastatic and basal-like breast cancer cells promotes microtentacle formation, adhesion and invasive migration","volume":"75","author":"Boggs","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3835(01)00509-2","article-title":"Overexpression of kalpha1 tubulin mRNA in thyroid anaplastic carcinoma","volume":"168","author":"Takano","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-11-0856","article-title":"Proteomic profiling of follicular and papillary thyroid tumors","volume":"166","author":"Sofiadis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2016.03.083","article-title":"PNMA2 mediates heterodimeric interactions and antagonizes chemo-sensitizing activities mediated by members of PNMA family","volume":"473","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16202","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M115.645978","article-title":"FBXO32 Targets c-Myc for Proteasomal Degradation and Inhibits c-Myc Activity","volume":"290","author":"Mei","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3312","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2016.479","article-title":"FBXO32 suppresses breast cancer tumorigenesis through targeting KLF4 to proteasomal degradation","volume":"36","author":"Zhou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/21.7.1505","article-title":"An essential role for Prox1 in the induction of the lymphatic endothelial cell phenotype","volume":"21","author":"Wigle","year":"2002","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2175","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.216226.113","article-title":"The Prox1-Vegfr3 feedback loop maintains the identity and the number of lymphatic endothelial cell progenitors","volume":"28","author":"Srinivasan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3358","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.050005","article-title":"Sumoylation of Prox1 controls its ability to induce VEGFR3 expression and lymphatic phenotypes in endothelial cells","volume":"122","author":"Pan","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"ref_127","first-page":"1543","article-title":"Prox 1, VEGF-C and VEGFR3 expression during cervical neoplasia progression as evidence of an early lymphangiogenic switch","volume":"27","author":"Cimpean","year":"2012","journal-title":"Histol. Histopathol."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sasahira, T., Ueda, N., Yamamoto, K., Kurihara, M., Matsushima, S., Bhawal, U.K., Kirita, T., and Kuniyasu, H. (2014). Prox1 and FOXC2 Act as Regulators of Lymphangiogenesis and Angiogenesis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0092534"},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07391","article-title":"Sox18 induces development of the lymphatic vasculature in mice","volume":"456","author":"Francois","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1859310","article-title":"The nuclear hormone receptor Coup-TFII is required for the initiation and early maintenance of Prox1 expression in lymphatic endothelial cells","volume":"24","author":"Srinivasan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.116293","article-title":"COUP-TFII orchestrates venous and lymphatic endothelial identity by homo- or hetero-dimerisation with PROX1","volume":"126","author":"Aranguren","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1093\/jb\/mvs081","article-title":"Roles of transcriptional network during the formation of lymphatic vessels","volume":"152","author":"Watabe","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.1086\/375614","article-title":"Mutations in the Transcription Factor Gene SOX18 Underlie Recessive and Dominant Forms of Hypotrichosis-Lymphedema-Telangiectasia","volume":"72","author":"Irrthum","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1856","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-03-145789","article-title":"Prox1 physically and functionally interacts with COUP-TFII to specify lymphatic endothelial cell fate","volume":"113","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R135","DOI":"10.1530\/JME-12-0144","article-title":"Multiple roles of COUP-TFII in cancer initiation and progression","volume":"49","author":"Litchfield","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_136","first-page":"1383","article-title":"Role of the SOX18 protein in neoplastic processes","volume":"16","author":"Olbromski","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_137","first-page":"8","article-title":"R-propranolol is a small molecule inhibitor of the SOX18 transcription factor in a rare vascular syndrome and hemangioma","volume":"6","author":"Overman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, I., and Koh, G.Y. (2017). Tumor Angiogenesis: Taking aim at Sox18. Elife, 6.","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.24238"},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4593","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/cdf470","article-title":"Lymphatic endothelial reprogramming of vascular endothelial cells by the Prox-1 homeobox transcription factor","volume":"21","author":"Petrova","year":"2002","journal-title":"Embo. J."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63851-5","article-title":"Identification of vascular lineage-specific genes by transcriptional profiling of isolated blood vascular and lymphatic endothelial cells","volume":"162","author":"Hirakawa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.13580","article-title":"Podoplanin: An emerging cancer biomarker and therapeutic target","volume":"109","author":"Krishnan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Sci."},{"key":"ref_142","first-page":"2997","article-title":"The role of podoplanin in tumor progression and metastasis","volume":"28","author":"Raica","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anticancer. Res."},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2014.05.006","article-title":"Transcriptional regulation of podoplanin expression by Prox1 in lymphatic endothelial cells","volume":"94","author":"Pan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Microvasc. Res."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/21\/9\/3220\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T13:52:21Z","timestamp":1760363541000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/21\/9\/3220"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,2]]},"references-count":143,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms21093220"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms21093220","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1422-0067"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,2]]}}}