{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T09:01:53Z","timestamp":1780477313513,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":114,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,2]],"date-time":"2020-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588377600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003176","name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n, Cultura y Deporte","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FPU 15\/0352"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FPU 15\/0352"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003176","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EFA 148\/16 REDPRION"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EFA 148\/16 REDPRION"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Neuroinflammation has been correlated with the progress of neurodegeneration in many neuropathologies. Although glial cells have traditionally been considered to be protective, the concept of them as neurotoxic cells has recently emerged. Thus, a major unsolved question is the exact role of astroglia and microglia in neurodegenerative disorders. On the other hand, it is well known that glucocorticoids are the first choice to regulate inflammation and, consequently, neuroglial inflammatory activity. The objective of this study was to determine how chronic dexamethasone treatment influences the host immune response and to characterize the beneficial or detrimental role of glial cells. To date, this has not been examined using a natural neurodegenerative model of scrapie. With this aim, immunohistochemical expression of glial markers, prion protein accumulation, histopathological lesions and clinical evolution were compared with those in a control group. The results demonstrated how the complex interaction between glial populations failed to compensate for brain damage in natural conditions, emphasizing the need for using natural models. Additionally, the data showed that modulation of neuroinflammation by anti-inflammatory drugs might become a research focus as a potential therapeutic target for prion diseases, similar to that considered previously for other neurodegenerative disorders classified as prion-like diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21093231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,4]],"date-time":"2020-05-04T14:00:43Z","timestamp":1588600843000},"page":"3231","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Assessment of Glial Activation Response in the Progress of Natural Scrapie after Chronic Dexamethasone Treatment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Isabel M.","family":"Guijarro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Encephalopathies and Transmissible Emerging Diseases\u2014Institute for Health Research Arag\u00f3n (IIS), University of Zaragoza, C\/Miguel Servet 155, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mois\u00e9s","family":"Garc\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Encephalopathies and Transmissible Emerging Diseases\u2014Institute for Health Research Arag\u00f3n (IIS), University of Zaragoza, C\/Miguel Servet 155, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3000-0338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pol","family":"Andr\u00e9s-Benito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bel\u00e9n","family":"Mar\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Encephalopathies and Transmissible Emerging Diseases\u2014Institute for Health Research Arag\u00f3n (IIS), University of Zaragoza, C\/Miguel Servet 155, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alicia","family":"Otero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Encephalopathies and Transmissible Emerging Diseases\u2014Institute for Health Research Arag\u00f3n (IIS), University of Zaragoza, C\/Miguel Servet 155, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom\u00e1s","family":"Barrio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Encephalopathies and Transmissible Emerging Diseases\u2014Institute for Health Research Arag\u00f3n (IIS), University of Zaragoza, C\/Miguel Servet 155, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margarita","family":"Carmona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9888-8754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isidro","family":"Ferrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan J.","family":"Badiola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Encephalopathies and Transmissible Emerging Diseases\u2014Institute for Health Research Arag\u00f3n (IIS), University of Zaragoza, C\/Miguel Servet 155, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2787-9671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Monz\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Encephalopathies and Transmissible Emerging Diseases\u2014Institute for Health Research Arag\u00f3n (IIS), University of Zaragoza, C\/Miguel Servet 155, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"57","article-title":"Pathogenesis of natural scrapie in sheep","volume":"16","author":"Schreuder","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch. 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