{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T19:09:48Z","timestamp":1790104188429,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":143,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,30]],"date-time":"2020-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590796800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture","award":["Project No. 2019-07116"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Project No. 2019-07116"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Advances in genome-editing technologies and sequencing of animal genomes enable researchers to generate genome-edited (GE) livestock as valuable animal models that benefit biological researches and biomedical and agricultural industries. As birds are an important species in biology and agriculture, their genome editing has gained significant interest and is mainly performed by using a primordial germ cell (PGC)-mediated method because pronuclear injection is not practical in the avian species. In this method, PGCs can be isolated, cultured, genetically edited in vitro, and injected into a recipient embryo to produce GE offspring. Recently, a couple of GE quail have been generated by using the newly developed adenovirus-mediated method. Without technically required in vitro procedures of the PGC-mediated method, direct injection of adenovirus into the avian blastoderm in the freshly laid eggs resulted in the production of germ-line chimera and GE offspring. As more approaches are available in avian genome editing, avian research in various fields will progress rapidly. In this review, we describe the development of avian genome editing and scientific and industrial applications of GE avian species.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21113937","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,2]],"date-time":"2020-06-02T04:09:03Z","timestamp":1591070943000},"page":"3937","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Current Approaches and Applications in Avian Genome Editing"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Joonbum","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"},{"name":"The Ohio State University Interdisciplinary Human Nutrition Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong-Hwan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6169-7516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kichoon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"},{"name":"The Ohio State University Interdisciplinary Human Nutrition Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg1619","article-title":"Gene targeting in mice: Functional analysis of the mammalian genome for the twenty-first century","volume":"6","author":"Capecchi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. 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