{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T23:58:20Z","timestamp":1770681500632,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,25]],"date-time":"2020-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593043200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Obesity induces serious diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. It has been reported that obesity increases the risk of cognitive dysfunction. Cognitive dysfunction is a characteristic symptom of Alzheimer\u2019s and Parkinson\u2019s diseases. However, the detailed mechanisms of obesity-induced cognitive dysfunction have not yet been elucidated. The onset and progression of obesity-induced severe secondary diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular events, and hypertension are deeply connected to oxidative stress. We hypothesized that obesity induces cognitive dysfunction via acceleration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Vitamin E, which is a lipophilic vitamin, has strong antioxidative effects and consists of two groups: tocopherols and tocotrienols. Recently, it has been demonstrated that tocotrienols have strong neuroprotective and anti-obesity effects. In this study, we fed mice a high-fat diet (HFD) from 9 to 14 months of age and assessed the effect of tocotrienols treatment on body weight, brain oxidation levels, and cognitive function. The results revealed that treatment with tocotrienols inhibited body weight gain; further, tocotrienols reached the brain and attenuated oxidation in HFD-treated mice. These results indicate that tocotrienols have anti-obesity effects and inhibit obesity-induced brain oxidation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21124533","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,26]],"date-time":"2020-06-26T05:19:36Z","timestamp":1593148776000},"page":"4533","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Tocotrienols Influence Body Weight Gain and Brain Protein Expression in Long-Term High-Fat Diet-Treated Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8357-0986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yugo","family":"Kato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Functional Control Systems, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Fukasaku 307, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337\u20138570, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Aoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mitsubishi-Chemical Foods Corporation, Marunouchi 1\u20131\u20131, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100\u20138251, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2748-3228","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Koji","family":"Fukui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Functional Control Systems, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Fukasaku 307, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337\u20138570, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30054-X","article-title":"Trends in adult body-mass index in 200 countries from 1975 to 2014: A pooled analysis of 1698 population-based measurement studies with 19-2 million participants","volume":"387","author":"Cesare","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koskinen, J., Magnussen, C.G., Sinako, A., Woo, J., Urbinma, E., Jacobs, D.R., Steinberger, J., Prineas, R., Sabin, M.A., and Burns, T. 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