{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T14:18:24Z","timestamp":1790432304762,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":134,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,21]],"date-time":"2020-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595289600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01NS109197"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01NS109197"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The development of neural circuits is a complex process that relies on the proper navigation of axons through their environment to their appropriate targets. While axon\u2013environment and axon\u2013target interactions have long been known as essential for circuit formation, communication between axons themselves has only more recently emerged as another crucial mechanism. Trans-axonal signaling governs many axonal behaviors, including fasciculation for proper guidance to targets, defasciculation for pathfinding at important choice points, repulsion along and within tracts for pre-target sorting and target selection, repulsion at the target for precise synaptic connectivity, and potentially selective degeneration for circuit refinement. This review outlines the recent advances in identifying the molecular mechanisms of trans-axonal signaling and discusses the role of axon\u2013axon interactions during the different steps of neural circuit formation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21145170","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,22]],"date-time":"2020-07-22T03:23:16Z","timestamp":1595388196000},"page":"5170","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Trans-Axonal Signaling in Neural Circuit Wiring"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Olivia","family":"Spead","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7867-748X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabienne E.","family":"Poulain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-062012-170341","article-title":"Developmental mechanisms of topographic map formation and alignment","volume":"36","author":"Cang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Annu. 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