{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T21:15:40Z","timestamp":1773350140751,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,14]],"date-time":"2020-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597363200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007843","name":"NORAD","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (NORAD)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (NORAD)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007843","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004441","name":"SIDA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004441","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Preeclampsia (PE) is a human specific syndrome with unknown etiology causing maternal and fetal morbidities and mortalities. In PE, maternal inflammatory responses are more exaggerated if the fetus is male than female. Other pregnancy complications such as spontaneous abortions are also more common if the fetus is male. Recent transcriptome findings showed an increased expression of CD99 in erythroid cells from male cord blood in PE. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs311103, located in a GATA-binding site in a regulatory region on the X\/Y chromosomes, governs a coordinated expression of the Xg blood group members CD99 and Xga in hematopoietic cells in a sex-dependent fashion. The rs311103C disrupts the GATA-binding site, resulting in decreased CD99 expression. We aimed to investigate the association between PE and the allele frequency of rs311103 in pregnancies in a fetal sex-dependent fashion. In a case-controlled study, we included 241 pregnant women, i.e., 105 PE cases and 136 normotensive controls. A SNP allelic discrimination analysis was performed on DNA from maternal venous blood and fetal cord blood by qPCR. A statistically significant association was observed between rs311103 allele frequency and PE in mothers carrying male fetuses. Therefore, the rs311103 genotype may play a role in the pathogenesis of PE in a fetal sex-specific manner.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21165837","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,14]],"date-time":"2020-08-14T08:28:35Z","timestamp":1597393715000},"page":"5837","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Association of Maternal Regulatory Single Nucleotide Polymorphic CD99 Genotype with Preeclampsia in Pregnancies Carrying Male Fetuses in Ethiopian Women"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9468-9512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tsehayneh","family":"Kelemu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 9086 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lena","family":"Erlandsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, 221 85 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Seifu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 9086 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of Global Health Equity, P.O. Box 6955 Kigali, Rwanda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markos","family":"Abebe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Armauer Hanson Research Institute, P.O. Box 1005 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sisay","family":"Teklu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 9086 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jill","family":"Storry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 221 85 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7838-9074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Hansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, 221 85 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60518-1","article-title":"Maternal mortality for 181 countries, 1980\u20132008: A systematic analysis of progress towards Millennium Development Goal 5","volume":"375","author":"Hogan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2011.09.011","article-title":"Maternal mortality from preeclampsia\/eclampsia","volume":"36","author":"Ghulmiyyah","year":"2012","journal-title":"Semin. 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