{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T03:11:49Z","timestamp":1760238709807,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,25]],"date-time":"2020-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19K10397","18K09862"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19K10397","18K09862"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Osteoporosis morphology is characterized by bone resorption and decreases in micro-architecture parameters. Anti-osteoporosis therapy targets osteoclasts because bone resorption is a unique function of osteoclasts. Anti-c-fms antibodies against the receptor for macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) inhibit osteoclast formation and bone resorption in vitro and in vivo. However, the effect of anti-c-fms antibodies on bone resorption in ovariectomized (OVX) mice is unknown. In this study, we evaluated the effect of anti-c-fms antibodies on osteoclast formation and bone resorption in osteoblast\u2013osteoclast precursor co-culture in vitro and in OVX mice. Osteoblast and osteoclast precursor co-cultures treated with anti-c-fms antibodies showed significantly inhibited osteoclast formation, while cultures without anti-c-fms antibody treatment showed osteoclast formation. However, anti-c-fms antibodies did not change the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) or osteoprotegrin (OPG) expression during osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation in vitro. These results indicate that anti-c-fms antibodies directly affected osteoclast formation from osteoclast precursors in co-culture. OVX mice were treated with intraperitoneal injections of anti-c-fms antibody. The trabecular bone structure of the femur was assessed by micro-computer tomography. The anti-c-fms antibody inhibited osteoclast formation and bone loss compared with PBS-treated OVX mice. These results indicate potential for the therapeutic application of anti-c-fms antibodies for postmenopausal osteoporosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21176120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,25]],"date-time":"2020-08-25T09:24:56Z","timestamp":1598347496000},"page":"6120","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Anti-c-fms Antibody Prevents Osteoclast Formation and Bone Resorption in Co-Culture of Osteoblasts and Osteoclast Precursors In Vitro and in Ovariectomized Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Yasuhiko","family":"Nara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980\u20138575, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hideki","family":"Kitaura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980\u20138575, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saika","family":"Ogawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980\u20138575, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei-Ren","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980\u20138575, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiawei","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980\u20138575, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fumitoshi","family":"Ohori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980\u20138575, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Noguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980\u20138575, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aseel","family":"Marahleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980\u20138575, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adya","family":"Pramusita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980\u20138575, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ria","family":"Kinjo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980\u20138575, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Itaru","family":"Mizoguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980\u20138575, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)62349-5","article-title":"Osteoporosis: Now and the future","volume":"377","author":"Rachner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2009-0024","article-title":"From estrogen-centric to aging and oxidative stress: A revised perspective of the pathogenesis of osteoporosis","volume":"31","author":"Manolagas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Endocr. 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