{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T22:20:15Z","timestamp":1769120415341,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":145,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]],"date-time":"2020-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002794","name":"Swedish Cancer Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["190470Pj"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["190470Pj"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002794","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Governmental ALF grant to the university healthcare in Region Sk\u00e5ne","award":["ALF-4456521 and 2017\/1528"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ALF-4456521 and 2017\/1528"]}]},{"name":"Alfred \u00d6sterlund Foundation","award":["n\/a"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["n\/a"]}]},{"name":"Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (SSF)","award":["n\/a"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["n\/a"]}]},{"name":"the Crafoordska Foundation","award":["n\/a"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["n\/a"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\u03b11-microglobulin (A1M) is a small protein present in vertebrates including humans. It has several physiologically relevant properties, including binding of heme and radicals as well as enzymatic reduction, that are used in the protection of cells and tissue. Research has revealed that A1M can ameliorate heme and ROS-induced injuries in cell cultures, organs, explants and animal models. Recently, it was shown that A1M could reduce hemolysis in vitro, observed with several different types of insults and sources of RBCs. In addition, in a recently published study, it was observed that mice lacking A1M (A1M-KO) developed a macrocytic anemia phenotype. Altogether, this suggests that A1M may have a role in RBC development, stability and turnover. This opens up the possibility of utilizing A1M for therapeutic purposes in pathological conditions involving erythropoietic and hemolytic abnormalities. Here, we provide an overview of A1M and its potential therapeutic effect in the context of the following erythropoietic and hemolytic conditions: Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA), 5q-minus myelodysplastic syndrome (5q-MDS), blood transfusions (including storage), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), preeclampsia (PE) and atherosclerosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21197234","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T09:04:12Z","timestamp":1601543052000},"page":"7234","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The Role of \u03b11-Microglobulin (A1M) in Erythropoiesis and Erythrocyte Homeostasis\u2014Therapeutic Opportunities in Hemolytic Conditions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2898-7129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda","family":"Kristiansson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section for Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden"},{"name":"Division of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5880-2925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magnus","family":"Gram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Pediatrics, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1962-5276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johan","family":"Flygare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7838-9074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan R.","family":"Hansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"\u00c5kerstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section for Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jill R.","family":"Storry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Office of Medical Services, 221 85 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2015.01.002","article-title":"Oxidative stress: A concept in redox biology and medicine","volume":"4","author":"Sies","year":"2015","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8416763","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/8416763","article-title":"Oxidative Stress: Harms and Benefits for Human Health","volume":"2017","author":"Pizzino","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oxidative Med. 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