{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T20:19:00Z","timestamp":1793305140977,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":218,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]],"date-time":"2020-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603324800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health, Rome, Italy","award":["RC 2019 MPP 2B ID 2755316"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RC 2019 MPP 2B ID 2755316"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health, Rome, Italy","award":["RC 2020 MPP 2B ID 2757640"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RC 2020 MPP 2B ID 2757640"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health, Rome, Italy","award":["5x1000 2016-2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5x1000 2016-2018"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Psychological stress induces different alterations in the organism in order to maintain homeostasis, including changes in hematopoiesis and hemostasis. In particular, stress-induced hyper activation of the autonomic nervous system and hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal axis can trigger cellular and molecular alterations in platelets, coagulation factors, endothelial function, redox balance, and sterile inflammatory response. For this reason, mental stress is reported to enhance the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, contrasting results are often found in the literature considering differences in the response to acute or chronic stress and the health condition of the population analyzed. Since thrombosis is the most common underlying pathology of CVDs, the comprehension of the mechanisms at the basis of the association between stress and this pathology is highly valuable. The aim of this work is to give a comprehensive review of the studies focused on the role of acute and chronic stress in both healthy individuals and CVD patients, focusing on the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the relationship between stress and thrombosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21217818","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]],"date-time":"2020-10-22T10:27:58Z","timestamp":1603362478000},"page":"7818","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["Impact of Acute and Chronic Stress on Thrombosis in Healthy Individuals and Cardiovascular Disease Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9878-8016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonardo","family":"Sandrini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Brain-Heart Axis: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6737-7695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Ieraci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology and Functional Neurogenomics, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrizia","family":"Amadio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Brain-Heart Axis: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7538-4393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Zar\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Brain-Heart Axis: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7486-2637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia Stella","family":"Barbieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Brain-Heart Axis: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000666","article-title":"Effort-Reward Imbalance at Work and Incident Coronary Heart Disease: A Multicohort Study of 90,164 Individuals","volume":"28","author":"Dragano","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60295-1","article-title":"Long working hours and risk of coronary heart disease and stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis of published and unpublished data for 603,838 individuals","volume":"386","author":"Jokela","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e011133","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.118.011133","article-title":"Comorbid Conditions Explain the Association Between Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Incident Cardiovascular Disease","volume":"8","author":"Salas","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-016-0739-5","article-title":"Anxiety Disorders and Cardiovascular Disease","volume":"18","author":"Celano","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Psychiatry Rep."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht462","article-title":"Depression and cardiovascular disease: A clinical review","volume":"35","author":"Hare","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2315","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw106","article-title":"2016 European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: The Sixth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of 10 societies and by invited experts) Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR)","volume":"37","author":"Piepoli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"e596","article-title":"2019 ACC\/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"140","author":"Arnett","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000482454.55384.de","article-title":"Association between job strain and risk of incident stroke: A meta-analysis","volume":"86","author":"Bianchi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"630","article-title":"Work Stress as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease","volume":"17","author":"Kawachi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Cardiol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.04.022","article-title":"Meta-analysis of mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia and subsequent cardiac events in patients with coronary artery disease","volume":"114","author":"Wei","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.06.044","article-title":"Perceived stress in myocardial infarction: Long-term mortality and health status outcomes","volume":"60","author":"Arnold","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"8","article-title":"Work stress and the risk of recurrent coronary heart disease events: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"28","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Occup. Med. Environ. Health"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1860","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2016-311097","article-title":"Persistent psychological distress and mortality in patients with stable coronary artery disease","volume":"103","author":"Stewart","year":"2017","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0707427","article-title":"Cardiovascular events during World Cup soccer","volume":"358","author":"Leistner","year":"2008","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(90)90729-K","article-title":"Analysis of possible triggers of acute myocardial infarction (the MILIS study)","volume":"66","author":"Tofler","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1404","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu033","article-title":"Outbursts of anger as a trigger of acute cardiovascular events: A systematic review and meta-analysis\u2020","volume":"35","author":"Mostofsky","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e024805","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-024805","article-title":"Long-term psychosocial impact of venous thromboembolism: A qualitative study in the community","volume":"9","author":"Hunter","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-200107000-00003","article-title":"Effects of psychological stress and psychiatric disorders on blood coagulation and fibrinolysis: A biobehavioral pathway to coronary artery disease?","volume":"63","author":"Mills","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1177\/1359105314540965","article-title":"Predicting post-traumatic stress and health anxiety following a venous thrombotic embolism","volume":"21","author":"Bennett","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Health Psychol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1607202","article-title":"Venous and Arterial Thromboses: Two Sides of the Same Coin?","volume":"44","author":"Lippi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Semin. Thromb. Hemost."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199801153380307","article-title":"Protective and damaging effects of stress mediators","volume":"338","author":"McEwen","year":"1998","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/S0753-3322(00)89043-5","article-title":"The need of a physiologic and pathophysiologic definition of stress","volume":"54","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2017.01.021","article-title":"An adverse early life environment can enhance stress resilience in adulthood","volume":"78","author":"Santarelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.32763","article-title":"Genetics of resilience: Implications from genome-wide association studies and candidate genes of the stress response system in posttraumatic stress disorder and depression","volume":"183","author":"Maul","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Genet. Part B Neuropsychiatr. Genet."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mallei, A., Ieraci, A., and Popoli, M. (2018). Chronic Social Defeat Stress Differentially Regulates the Expression of BDNF transcripts and Epigenetic Modifying Enzymes in Susceptible and Resilient Mice. World J. Biol. Psychiatry, 1\u201332.","DOI":"10.1080\/15622975.2018.1500029"},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"123","article-title":"Regulation of Hemostasis by the Sympathetic Nervous System: Any Contribution to Coronary Artery Disease?","volume":"4","author":"Preckel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Heartdrug"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2008.06.006","article-title":"The HPA axis in major depression: Classical theories and new developments","volume":"31","author":"Pariante","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2012.01.021","article-title":"Psychological stress, immune response, and atherosclerosis","volume":"223","author":"Gu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-011-9319-0","article-title":"Psychological stress and aging: Role of glucocorticoids (GCs)","volume":"34","author":"Hasan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Age"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1097\/01.psy.0000245866.03456.aa","article-title":"Anticipatory cognitive stress appraisal and the acute procoagulant stress response in men","volume":"68","author":"Wirtz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"II128","article-title":"Platelet activation by emotional stress in patients with coronary artery disease","volume":"83","author":"Grignani","year":"1991","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1080\/24750573.2017.1385210","article-title":"Mean platelet volume level in patients with generalized anxiety disorder","volume":"28","author":"Almis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9258937","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/9258937","article-title":"Apocynin Prevents Abnormal Megakaryopoiesis and Platelet Activation Induced by Chronic Stress","volume":"2017","author":"Sandrini","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-07-660746","article-title":"Sympathetic stimulation facilitates thrombopoiesis by promoting megakaryocyte adhesion, migration, and proplatelet formation","volume":"127","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0609.2000.065006357.x","article-title":"Effects of sympathetic activation by adrenergic infusions on hemostasis in vivo","volume":"65","author":"Dimsdale","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-198803000-00006","article-title":"Increased platelet and vascular smooth muscle reactivity to low-dose adrenaline infusion in mild essential hypertension","volume":"6","author":"Lande","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Hypertens."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sandrini, L., Ieraci, A., Amadio, P., Veglia, F., Popoli, M., Lee, F.S., Tremoli, E., and Barbieri, S.S. (2018). Sub-Chronic Stress Exacerbates the Pro-Thrombotic Phenotype in BDNF(Val\/Met) Mice: Gene-Environment Interaction in the Modulation of Arterial Thrombosis. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19103235"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1097\/01.psy.0000130492.03488.e7","article-title":"Exaggerated platelet and hemodynamic reactivity to mental stress in men with coronary artery disease","volume":"66","author":"Strike","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9150(02)00453-7","article-title":"The influence of psychological stress and socioeconomic status on platelet activation in men","volume":"168","author":"Steptoe","year":"2003","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-200005000-00006","article-title":"Platelets and Psychiatry: Lessons Learned From Old and New Studies","volume":"62","author":"Camacho","year":"2000","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koudouovoh-Tripp, P., H\u00fcfner, K., Egeter, J., Kandler, C., Giesinger, J.M., Sopper, S., Humpel, C., and Sperner-Unterweger, B. (2020). Stress Enhances Proinflammatory Platelet Activity: The Impact of Acute and Chronic Mental Stress. J. Neuroimmune Pharmacol.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11481-020-09945-4"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0970027","article-title":"Activation of haemostasis by exercise, mental stress and adrenaline: Effects on platelet sensitivity to thrombin and thrombin generation","volume":"97","author":"Goodall","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin. Sci."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a015346","article-title":"Effects of mental and physical stress on platelet function in patients with stable angina pectoris and healthy controls","volume":"18","author":"Held","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.3109\/10253890.2014.888548","article-title":"Effects of acute and chronic psychological stress on platelet aggregation in mice","volume":"17","author":"Matsuhisa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stress"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1159\/000216310","article-title":"Effect of Mental Stress on Platelet Function in Normal Subjects and in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease","volume":"22","author":"Grignani","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pathophysiol. Haemost. Thromb."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e31819cc751","article-title":"Mental-stress-induced platelet activation among patients with coronary artery disease","volume":"71","author":"Reid","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-199603000-00008","article-title":"Effects of hostility on platelet reactivity to psychological stress in coronary heart disease patients and in healthy controls","volume":"58","author":"Markovitz","year":"1996","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-199809000-00013","article-title":"Hostility is associated with increased platelet activation in coronary heart disease","volume":"60","author":"Markovitz","year":"1998","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(96)00680-7","article-title":"Changes in hemostatic function at times of cyclic variation in occupational stress","volume":"79","author":"Frimerman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1160\/TH04-10-0652","article-title":"High dose dexamethasone increases circulating P-selectin and von Willebrand factor levels in healthy men","volume":"94","author":"Jilma","year":"2005","journal-title":"Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199411000-00005","article-title":"Hemostatic effects of stress hormone infusion","volume":"81","author":"Rosenfeld","year":"1994","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.12524","article-title":"Enhanced oxidative stress and platelet activation in patients with Cushing\u2019s syndrome","volume":"82","author":"Karamouzis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.142.195","article-title":"Changes of Platelets, Serum Lactic Dehydrogenase, \u03b3-Glutamyltranspeptidase, Choline Esterase and Creatine Phosphokinase Levels in Patients with Cushing\u2019s Syndrome","volume":"142","author":"Sato","year":"1984","journal-title":"Tohoku J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03345709","article-title":"Blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in patients with Cushing\u2019s syndrome: Increased plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, decreased tissue factor pathway inhibitor, and unchanged thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor levels","volume":"32","author":"Erem","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol. Investig."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2004.04.001","article-title":"Platelet serotonin and plasma prolactin and cortisol in healthy, depressed and schizophrenic women","volume":"127","author":"Pivac","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-008-0255-5","article-title":"Editor\u2019s page: Fundamentals in neurocardiology: The brain-platelet-coronary artery interface","volume":"26","author":"Becker","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Thromb. Thrombolysis"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1080\/10253890802574993","article-title":"Longitudinal platelet reactivity to acute psychological stress among older men and women","volume":"12","author":"Aschbacher","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stress"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-199011000-00004","article-title":"Stress-induced desensitization of alpha 2-adrenergic receptors in human platelets","volume":"52","author":"Freedman","year":"1990","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291702005925","article-title":"Platelet alpha2-adrenoceptor density in humans: Relationships to stress-induced anxiety, psychasthenic constitution, gender and stress-induced changes in the inflammatory response system","volume":"32","author":"Maes","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2006.10.011","article-title":"Effects of placement and bereavement on psychological well-being and cardiovascular risk in Alzheimer\u2019s caregivers: A longitudinal analysis","volume":"62","author":"Mausbach","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Psychosom. Res."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2007.10.002","article-title":"Effects of depressive and anxious symptoms on norepinephrine and platelet P-selectin responses to acute psychological stress among elderly caregivers","volume":"22","author":"Aschbacher","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-015-0124-z","article-title":"Endothelial cell control of thrombosis","volume":"15","author":"Yau","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc. Disord."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000193624.28251.83","article-title":"What Does It Take to Make the Perfect Clot?","volume":"26","author":"Hoffman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.12247","article-title":"Mechanisms of anticoagulant and cytoprotective actions of the protein C pathway","volume":"11","author":"Bouwens","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.13559","article-title":"The C-terminus of tissue factor pathway inhibitor-\u03b1 inhibits factor V activation by protecting the Arg1545 cleavage site","volume":"15","author":"Rosing","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2015","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.108.177436","article-title":"Protein S as Cofactor for TFPI","volume":"29","author":"Rosing","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.blre.2014.09.003","article-title":"Fibrinolysis and the control of blood coagulation","volume":"29","author":"Chapin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Blood Rev."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.14157","article-title":"Regulation of plasminogen activation on cell surfaces and fibrin","volume":"16","author":"Urano","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.12-1446","article-title":"Use of oral glucocorticoids and the risk of pulmonary embolism: A population-based case-control study","volume":"143","author":"Stuijver","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2013.122","article-title":"Use of glucocorticoids and risk of venous thromboembolism: A nationwide population-based case-control study","volume":"173","author":"Johannesdottir","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1357487","article-title":"Stress and hemostasis: An update","volume":"39","author":"Austin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Semin. Thromb. Hemost."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2004.08.022","article-title":"Relationship between hemoconcentration and blood coagulation responses to acute mental stress","volume":"115","author":"Zgraggen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Thromb. Res."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e318245d950","article-title":"Stress-induced alterations in coagulation: Assessment of a new hemoconcentration correction technique","volume":"74","author":"Austin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1067\/mhj.2002.123146","article-title":"Effect of beta2-adrenergic receptor functioning and increased norepinephrine on the hypercoagulable state with mental stress","volume":"144","author":"Mills","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2007.01.004","article-title":"A systematic review of the effects of acute psychological stress and physical activity on haemorheology, coagulation, fibrinolysis and platelet reactivity: Implications for the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndromes","volume":"120","author":"Thrall","year":"2007","journal-title":"Thromb. Res."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/s12160-011-9274-0","article-title":"Hemoconcentration and hemostasis during acute stress: Interacting and independent effects","volume":"42","author":"Austin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. Behav. Med."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1160\/TH04-04-0223","article-title":"The effect of natural habituation on coagulation responses to acute mental stress and recovery in men","volume":"92","author":"Preckel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2004.02.003","article-title":"Effects of depressive symptoms and anxiety on hemostatic responses to acute mental stress and recovery in the elderly","volume":"126","author":"Dimsdale","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1646899","article-title":"Changes of plasma coagulation and fibrinolysis in response to mental stress","volume":"62","author":"Jern","year":"1989","journal-title":"Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2008.05.014","article-title":"Prothrombotic changes with acute psychological stress: Combined effect of hemoconcentration and genuine coagulation activation","volume":"123","author":"Kudielka","year":"2009","journal-title":"Thromb. Res."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20040359","article-title":"Different contribution of interleukin-6 and cortisol activity to total plasma fibrin concentration and to acute mental stress-induced fibrin formation","volume":"109","author":"Kudielka","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Sci."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2007.00536.x","article-title":"Time course and mechanisms of mental stress-induced changes and their recovery: Hematocrit, colloid osmotic pressure, whole blood viscosity, coagulation times, and hemodynamic activity","volume":"44","author":"Ring","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e31816e03a5","article-title":"Coagulation activity before and after acute psychosocial stress increases with age","volume":"70","author":"Wirtz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1646469","article-title":"Hemostatic responses to mental stress during the menstrual cycle","volume":"66","author":"Jern","year":"1991","journal-title":"Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(01)01564-8","article-title":"Effect of acute psychological stress on the hypercoagulable state in subjects (spousal caregivers of patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease) with coronary or cerebrovascular disease and\/or systemic hypertension","volume":"87","author":"Dimsdale","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_86","first-page":"180","article-title":"Antithrombin III biological activity and emotional stress in patients with coronary artery disease","volume":"77","author":"Canevari","year":"1992","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S162","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-198900076-00077","article-title":"Decreased fibrinolytic response to adrenergic stimulation in hypertensive patients","volume":"7","author":"Palermo","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Hypertens. Suppl."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwm191","article-title":"Associations of plasma fibrinogen levels with established cardiovascular disease risk factors, inflammatory markers, and other characteristics: Individual participant meta-analysis of 154,211 adults in 31 prospective studies: The fibrinogen studies collaboration","volume":"166","author":"Kaptoge","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PSY.0000035717.78650.A1","article-title":"Socioeconomic status and stress-related biological responses over the working day","volume":"65","author":"Steptoe","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1097\/00043764-200211000-00004","article-title":"Job characteristics and blood coagulation factors in Korean male workers","volume":"44","author":"Chang","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Occup. Environ. Med."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-7843.2009.00444.x","article-title":"A review of the effect of the psychosocial working environment on physiological changes in blood and urine","volume":"105","author":"Hansen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Basic Clin. Pharm. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.00642.x","article-title":"Poor sleep is associated with higher plasma proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 and procoagulant marker fibrin D-dimer in older caregivers of people with Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"54","author":"Dimsdale","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/29.10.1347","article-title":"Sleep disturbance, norepinephrine, and D-dimer are all related in elderly caregivers of people with Alzheimer disease","volume":"29","author":"Mausbach","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1207\/S15324796ABM2601_06","article-title":"Acute procoagulant stress response as a dynamic measure of allostatic load in Alzheimer caregivers","volume":"26","author":"Dimsdale","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann. Behav. Med."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/61.9.963","article-title":"Effect of Alzheimer caregiving stress and age on frailty markers interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and D-dimer","volume":"61","author":"Dimsdale","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_96","first-page":"1004","article-title":"Problem behavior of dementia patients predicts low-grade hypercoagulability in spousal caregivers","volume":"65","author":"Mausbach","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Gerontol A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1097\/00001721-199904000-00006","article-title":"Abnormalities of von Willebrand factor are also part of the prothrombotic state of Cushing\u2019s syndrome","volume":"10","author":"Casonato","year":"1999","journal-title":"Blood Coagul. Fibrinolysis"},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1097\/00001721-199212000-00013","article-title":"The fibrinolytic potential in patients with Cushing\u2019s disease: A clue to their hypercoagulable state","volume":"3","author":"Patrassi","year":"1992","journal-title":"Blood Coagul. Fibrinolysis"},{"key":"ref_99","first-page":"3662","article-title":"Anticoagulant prophylaxis markedly reduces thromboembolic complications in Cushing\u2019s syndrome","volume":"87","author":"Boscaro","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03343697","article-title":"Markers of activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis in patients with Cushing\u2019s syndrome","volume":"23","author":"Fatti","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol. Investig."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R101","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-15-0308","article-title":"Mechanisms in endocrinology: The spectrum of haemostatic abnormalities in glucocorticoid excess and defect","volume":"173","author":"Isidori","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.13265","article-title":"The influence of corticosteroids on hemostasis in healthy subjects","volume":"14","author":"Majoor","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2005.06.006","article-title":"Effects of short-term glucocorticoids on hemostatic factors in healthy volunteers","volume":"118","author":"Brotman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Thromb. Res."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2483","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2010.04034.x","article-title":"Systematic review on the effect of glucocorticoid use on procoagulant, anti-coagulant and fibrinolytic factors","volume":"8","author":"Nur","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1007\/s11096-013-9775-y","article-title":"The use of a low dose hydrocortisone to prevent pulmonary embolism in patients with multiple trauma","volume":"35","author":"Chaari","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1080\/10253890500168098","article-title":"Stimulated release of tissue plasminogen activator from artery wall sympathetic nerves: Implications for stress-associated wall damage","volume":"8","author":"Hao","year":"2005","journal-title":"Stress"},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ali-Saleh, M., Sarig, G., Ablin, J.N., Brenner, B., and Jacob, G. (2016). Inhalation of a Short-Acting \u03b22-Adrenoreceptor Agonist Induces a Hypercoagulable State in Healthy Subjects. PLoS ONE, 11.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0158652"},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-3848(74)90201-1","article-title":"The effect propranolol, alprenolol and practolol on the vibrinolytic and factor VIII responses to adrenaline and salbutamol in man","volume":"4","author":"Gader","year":"1974","journal-title":"Thromb. Res."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2004.00851.x","article-title":"Beta-receptor blockade decreases elevated plasma levels of factor VIII:C in patients with deep vein thrombosis","volume":"2","author":"Hoppener","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00892.2002","article-title":"Effects of nonspecific beta-adrenergic stimulation and blockade on blood coagulation in hypertension","volume":"94","author":"Dimsdale","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1650548","article-title":"Gemfibrozil reduces thrombin generation in patients with combined hyperlipidaemia, without influencing plasma fibrinogen, fibrin gel structure or coagulation factor VII","volume":"76","author":"Hamsten","year":"1996","journal-title":"Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1645070","article-title":"Influence of metoprolol treatment on sympatho-adrenal activation of fibrinolysis","volume":"63","author":"Larsson","year":"1990","journal-title":"Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-3848(90)90234-4","article-title":"Changes of parameters in fibrinolytic system caused by mental stress","volume":"60","author":"Urano","year":"1990","journal-title":"Thromb. Res."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeh163","article-title":"Physiology of the endothelium","volume":"93","author":"Galley","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.306534","article-title":"Protein Interactions at Endothelial Junctions and Signaling Mechanisms Regulating Endothelial Permeability","volume":"120","author":"Komarova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2258","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.24575","article-title":"The leading role of microtubules in endothelial barrier dysfunction: Disassembly of peripheral microtubules leaves behind the cytoskeletal reorganization","volume":"114","author":"Alieva","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Cell Biochem."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2015.00365","article-title":"Endothelial Barrier and Its Abnormalities in Cardiovascular Disease","volume":"6","author":"Chistiakov","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.2174\/1874192401004010302","article-title":"The endothelium and its role in regulating vascular tone","volume":"4","author":"Sandoo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Open Cardiovasc. Med. J."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.093245","article-title":"The assessment of endothelial function: From research into clinical practice","volume":"126","author":"Flammer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(95)00327-4","article-title":"Close relation of endothelial function in the human coronary and peripheral circulations","volume":"26","author":"Anderson","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2004.12.021","article-title":"Close relationship between the vasodilator response to acetylcholine in the brachial and coronary artery in suspected coronary artery disease","volume":"105","author":"Takase","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20070431","article-title":"Relationship between peripheral and coronary function using laser Doppler imaging and transthoracic echocardiography","volume":"115","author":"Khan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Sci."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(97)00605-X","article-title":"Role of nitric oxide in the vasodilator response to mental stress in normal subjects","volume":"80","author":"Cardillo","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_124","first-page":"405","article-title":"Effects of mental stress on brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation in healthy normal individuals","volume":"139","author":"Harris","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.167015","article-title":"Flow-mediated dilation and cardiovascular event prediction: Does nitric oxide matter?","volume":"57","author":"Green","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-199905000-00017","article-title":"Endothelial function and hemodynamic responses during mental stress","volume":"61","author":"Sherwood","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2473","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.20.2473","article-title":"Mental stress induces transient endothelial dysfunction in humans","volume":"102","author":"Ghiadoni","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.4960270411","article-title":"Effect of chronic stress and sleep deprivation on both flow-mediated dilation in the brachial artery and the intracellular magnesium level in humans","volume":"27","author":"Takase","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e3181cdbfc0","article-title":"Adverse impact of mood on flow-mediated dilation","volume":"72","author":"Cooper","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1007\/s12160-010-9181-9","article-title":"Endothelial Function: The Impact of Objective and Subjective Socioeconomic Status on Flow-Mediated Dilation","volume":"39","author":"Cooper","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Behav. Med."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0000000000000311","article-title":"Associations of work hours, job strain, and occupation with endothelial function: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)","volume":"56","author":"Charles","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Occup. Environ. Med."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1037\/a0027783","article-title":"A longitudinal analysis of the relations among stress, depressive symptoms, leisure satisfaction, and endothelial function in caregivers","volume":"31","author":"Mausbach","year":"2012","journal-title":"Health Psychol."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.11.093","article-title":"Association between chronic caregiving stress and impaired endothelial function in the elderly","volume":"55","author":"Mausbach","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpw103","article-title":"Chronic Stress and Endothelial Dysfunction: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)","volume":"30","author":"Kershaw","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Hypertens."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.K09E-260","article-title":"Endothelial dysfunction aassociated with hypercortisolism is reversible in Cushing\u2019s syndrome","volume":"57","author":"Akaza","year":"2010","journal-title":"Endocr. J."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-7061(00)01201-2","article-title":"Cortisol inhibits cholinergic vasodilation in the human forearm","volume":"13","author":"Mangos","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Hypertens."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.03.068","article-title":"Inhibition of cortisol production with metyrapone prevents mental stress-induced endothelial dysfunction and baroreflex impairment","volume":"46","author":"Broadley","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H1922","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00364.2002","article-title":"Inhibitory effect of glucocorticoid on coronary artery endothelial function","volume":"283","author":"Rogers","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13357","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.23.13357","article-title":"Down-regulation of the expression of endothelial NO synthase is likely to contribute to glucocorticoid-mediated hypertension","volume":"96","author":"Wallerath","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvn231","article-title":"Glucocorticoid response elements and 11\u03b2-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases in the regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression","volume":"81","author":"Liu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000050588.35034.3C","article-title":"Glucocorticoid excess induces superoxide production in vascular endothelial cells and elicits vascular endothelial dysfunction","volume":"92","author":"Iuchi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.32.1.9","article-title":"Contribution of nitric oxide to reactive hyperemia: Impact of endothelial dysfunction","volume":"32","author":"Dakak","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(91)90641-3","article-title":"Glucocorticoids induce endothelin release from vascular smooth muscle cells but not endothelial cells","volume":"199","author":"Kanse","year":"1991","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1097\/01.psy.0000116719.95524.e2","article-title":"Interactions between autonomic nervous system activity and endothelial function: A model for the development of cardiovascular disease","volume":"66","author":"Harris","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1177\/000331970205300403","article-title":"Exaggerated endothelin release in response to acute mental stress in patients with intermittent claudication","volume":"53","author":"Mangiafico","year":"2002","journal-title":"Angiology"},{"key":"ref_146","first-page":"707","article-title":"Plasma endothelin-1 release during acute stress: Role of ethnicity and sex","volume":"64","author":"Treiber","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2817","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000021598.15895.34","article-title":"Mental stress induces prolonged endothelial dysfunction via endothelin-A receptors","volume":"105","author":"Spieker","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(01)01786-7","article-title":"Sympathetic activation markedly reduces endothelium-dependent, flow-mediated vasodilation","volume":"39","author":"Hijmering","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1080\/10623320701421420","article-title":"Mental stress impairs endothelial vasodilatory function by a beta-adrenergic mechanism","volume":"14","author":"Eriksson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endothelium"},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.5603\/CJ.a2015.0042","article-title":"Influence of beta-blockers on endothelial function: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"22","author":"Peller","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cardiol. J."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1997.211bf.x","article-title":"Forearm sympathetic withdrawal and vasodilatation during mental stress in humans","volume":"504","author":"Halliwill","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2781","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.111.224907","article-title":"Cell Death, Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns, and Sterile Inflammation in Cardiovascular Disease","volume":"31","author":"Zheng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1920","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0438019100","article-title":"A mechanism converting psychosocial stress into mononuclear cell activation","volume":"100","author":"Bierhaus","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3621","article-title":"Pathological pain and the neuroimmune interface","volume":"14","author":"Grace","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2017.00316","article-title":"Inflammation: The Common Pathway of Stress-Related Diseases","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-018-0144-3","article-title":"Targeting inflammation in CVD: Advances and challenges","volume":"16","author":"Moore","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2017.01.011","article-title":"The effects of acute psychological stress on circulating and stimulated inflammatory markers: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"64","author":"Marsland","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2007.03.011","article-title":"The effects of acute psychological stress on circulating inflammatory factors in humans: A review and meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Steptoe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2010.09.024","article-title":"Negative affective responses to a speech task predict changes in interleukin (IL)-6","volume":"25","author":"Carroll","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2012.05.006","article-title":"Depressive symptoms enhance stress-induced inflammatory responses","volume":"31","author":"Fagundes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.3109\/10253890.2010.497884","article-title":"Subclinical depressive symptoms affect responses to acute psychosocial stress in healthy premenopausal women","volume":"14","author":"Benson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stress"},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.06.012","article-title":"Self-esteem levels and cardiovascular and inflammatory responses to acute stress","volume":"22","author":"Brydon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1801","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2012.03.016","article-title":"Loneliness and stress-related inflammatory and neuroendocrine responses in older men and women","volume":"37","author":"Hackett","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-1591(02)00030-2","article-title":"Inflammatory cytokines, socioeconomic status, and acute stress responsivity","volume":"16","author":"Steptoe","year":"2002","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2003.09.011","article-title":"Socioeconomic status and stress-induced increases in interleukin-6","volume":"18","author":"Brydon","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1097\/01.psy.0000221227.02975.a0","article-title":"The effects of effort-reward imbalance on inflammatory and cardiovascular responses to mental stress","volume":"68","author":"Hamer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E601","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.1996.271.3.E601","article-title":"Exercise stimulates interleukin-6 secretion: Inhibition by glucocorticoids and correlation with catecholamines","volume":"271","author":"Papanicolaou","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol.-Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ta.0000196802.91829.cc","article-title":"Norepinephrine Modulates the Inflammatory and Proliferative Phases of Wound Healing","volume":"60","author":"Gosain","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Trauma Acute Care Surg."},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.09.009","article-title":"Determinants of the NF-\u03baB response to acute psychosocial stress in humans","volume":"23","author":"Wolf","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-1591(03)00029-1","article-title":"Cortisol responses to mild psychological stress are inversely related with proinflammatory cytokines","volume":"17","author":"Feldman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref_171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2005.03.013","article-title":"Delayed response and lack of habituation in plasma interleukin-6 to acute mental stress in men","volume":"20","author":"Kudielka","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M434","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/54.9.M434","article-title":"Life stress, mood disturbance, and elevated interleukin-6 in healthy older women","volume":"54","author":"Lutgendorf","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1097\/JGP.0b013e3181df4498","article-title":"Self-efficacy buffers the relationship between dementia caregiving stress and circulating concentrations of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6","volume":"19","author":"Mausbach","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9090","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1531903100","article-title":"Chronic stress and age-related increases in the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6","volume":"100","author":"Preacher","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2909","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.18.7435","article-title":"Biologic cost of caring for a cancer patient: Dysregulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory signaling pathways","volume":"27","author":"Rohleder","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nazmi, A., and Victora, C.G. (2007). Socioeconomic and racial\/ethnic differentials of C-reactive protein levels: A systematic review of population-based studies. BMC Public Health, 7.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-7-212"},{"key":"ref_177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e3181cfe4c2","article-title":"Income, education, and inflammation: Differential associations in a national probability sample (The MIDUS study)","volume":"72","author":"Friedman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"ref_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2012.07.017","article-title":"The prospective association of socioeconomic status with C-reactive protein levels in the CARDIA study","volume":"26","author":"Deverts","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1037\/a0025536","article-title":"Chronic stress, daily stressors, and circulating inflammatory markers","volume":"31","author":"Gouin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Health Psychol."},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2011.08.003","article-title":"The psychosocial, endocrine and immune consequences of caring for a child with autism or ADHD","volume":"37","author":"Lovell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"ref_181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1159\/000334219","article-title":"Effect of Alzheimer caregiving on circulating levels of C-reactive protein and other biomarkers relevant to cardiovascular disease risk: A longitudinal study","volume":"58","author":"Mills","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gerontology"},{"key":"ref_182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2008.02.007","article-title":"Association between burnout and circulating levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in schoolteachers","volume":"65","author":"Bellingrath","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Psychosom. Res."},{"key":"ref_183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2010.06.011","article-title":"Healthy working school teachers with high effort-reward-imbalance and overcommitment show increased pro-inflammatory immune activity and a dampened innate immune defence","volume":"24","author":"Bellingrath","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref_184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(02)00633-5","article-title":"Physiological correlates of burnout among women","volume":"55","author":"Grossi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Psychosom. Res."},{"key":"ref_185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1037\/1076-8998.10.4.344","article-title":"The association between burnout, depression, anxiety, and inflammation biomarkers: C-reactive protein and fibrinogen in men and women","volume":"10","author":"Toker","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Occup. Health Psychol."},{"key":"ref_186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1097\/01.psy.0000239247.47581.0c","article-title":"Immune and endocrine function in burnout syndrome","volume":"68","author":"Mommersteeg","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"ref_187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2007.11.071","article-title":"Central effects of stress hormones in health and disease: Understanding the protective and damaging effects of stress and stress mediators","volume":"583","author":"McEwen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2012.05.007","article-title":"Current concepts in glucocorticoid resistance","volume":"77","author":"Yang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"key":"ref_189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2017.08.002","article-title":"Exosomes, DAMPs and miRNA: Features of Stress Physiology and Immune Homeostasis","volume":"38","author":"Fleshner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"ref_190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beninson, L.A., Brown, P.N., Loughridge, A.B., Saludes, J.P., Maslanik, T., Hills, A.K., Woodworth, T., Craig, W., Yin, H., and Fleshner, M. (2014). Acute stressor exposure modifies plasma exosome-associated heat shock protein 72 (Hsp72) and microRNA (miR-142-5p and miR-203). PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0108748"},{"key":"ref_191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S158513","article-title":"Oxidative stress, aging, and diseases","volume":"13","author":"Liguori","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Interv. Aging"},{"key":"ref_192","first-page":"735","article-title":"Environmental Stressors and Their Impact on Health and Disease with Focus on Oxidative Stress","volume":"28","author":"Daiber","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal."},{"key":"ref_193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7092151","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/7092151","article-title":"Vascular Inflammation and Oxidative Stress: Major Triggers for Cardiovascular Disease","volume":"2019","author":"Steven","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"ref_194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.1038\/s41374-018-0032-9","article-title":"Redox control of vascular smooth muscle cell function and plasticity","volume":"98","author":"Durgin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lab. Investig."},{"key":"ref_195","unstructured":"Da Luz, P.L., Libby, P., Chagas, A.C.P., and Laurindo, F.R.M. (2018). Chapter 10\u2014Redox Cellular Signaling Pathways in Endothelial Dysfunction and Vascular Disease. Endothelium and Cardiovascular Diseases, Academic Press."},{"key":"ref_196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000150649.39934.13","article-title":"Oxidative Stress and Vascular Disease","volume":"25","author":"Vendrov","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"ref_197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3822","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.7.3822","article-title":"Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes Modulate Tissue Factor Production by Mononuclear Cells: Role of Reactive Oxygen Species","volume":"164","author":"Cadroy","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_198","first-page":"1518","article-title":"Oxidative stress and expression of p22phox are involved in the up-regulation of tissue factor in vascular smooth muscle cells in response to activated platelets","volume":"14","author":"Brandes","year":"2000","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"ref_199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2030","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000014611.28864.1E","article-title":"NADPH oxidase mediates tissue factor-dependent surface procoagulant activity by thrombin in human vascular smooth muscle cells","volume":"105","author":"Herkert","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_200","first-page":"1065","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species upregulate expression of PAI-1 in endothelial cells","volume":"7","author":"Swiatkowska","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Biol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1089\/10763270050044425","article-title":"eNOS-overexpressing endothelial cells inhibit platelet aggregation and smooth muscle cell proliferation in vitro","volume":"6","author":"Kader","year":"2000","journal-title":"Tissue Eng."},{"key":"ref_202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/S0952-3278(98)90087-4","article-title":"Comparison of the effects of nitric oxide and peroxynitrite on the 12-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase metabolism of arachidonic acid in rabbit platelets","volume":"59","author":"Fujimoto","year":"1998","journal-title":"Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fat. Acids"},{"key":"ref_203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.98.15.1481","article-title":"Impaired platelet production of nitric oxide predicts presence of acute coronary syndromes","volume":"98","author":"Freedman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.117.311182","article-title":"Disturbed Redox Homeostasis in Oxidative Distress","volume":"121","author":"Siegrist","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2006.036830","article-title":"Brain superoxide as a key regulator of the cardiovascular response to emotional stress in rabbits","volume":"92","author":"Mayorov","year":"2007","journal-title":"Exp. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2012.4720","article-title":"Severe Life Stress and Oxidative Stress in the Brain: From Animal Models to Human Pathology","volume":"18","author":"Schiavone","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal."},{"key":"ref_207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5728(03)00267-4","article-title":"Acute psychological stress induces a prolonged suppression of the production of reactive oxygen species by phagocytes","volume":"142","author":"Atanackovic","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"ref_208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1081\/IMM-120004800","article-title":"Acute psychological stress simultaneously alters hormone levels, recruitment of lymphocyte subsets, and production of reactive oxygen species","volume":"31","author":"Atanackovic","year":"2002","journal-title":"Immunol. Investig."},{"key":"ref_209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4035310","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/4035310","article-title":"Dexmedetomidine Ameliorates Acute Stress-Induced Kidney Injury by Attenuating Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis through Inhibition of the ROS\/JNK Signaling Pathway","volume":"2018","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"ref_210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1080\/10253890.2019.1675627","article-title":"Acute restraint stress increases blood pressure and oxidative stress in the cardiorenal system of rats: A role for AT1 receptors","volume":"23","author":"Leoni","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stress"},{"key":"ref_211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-017-0916-z","article-title":"Nicotinamide Inhibits Ethanol-Induced Caspase-3 and PARP-1 Over-activation and Subsequent Neurodegeneration in the Developing Mouse Cerebellum","volume":"17","author":"Ieraci","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cerebellum"},{"key":"ref_212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eros, K., Magyar, K., Deres, L., Skazel, A., Riba, A., Vamos, Z., Kalai, T., Gallyas, F., Sumegi, B., and Toth, K. (2017). Chronic PARP-1 inhibition reduces carotid vessel remodeling and oxidative damage of the dorsal hippocampus in spontaneously hypertensive rats. PLoS ONE, 12.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0174401"},{"key":"ref_213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1093\/abbs\/gmr037","article-title":"Functional state of rat cardiomyocytes and blood antioxidant system under psycho-emotional stress","volume":"43","author":"Kuchukashvili","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Biochim. Biophys. Sin."},{"key":"ref_214","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.4149\/gpb_2016003","article-title":"Effect of noise stress on cardiovascular system in adult male albino rat: Implication of stress hormones, endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress","volume":"35","author":"Said","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gen. Physiol. Biophys."},{"key":"ref_215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6662","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph10126662","article-title":"Associations of job stress indicators with oxidative biomarkers in Japanese men and women","volume":"10","author":"Takaki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"ref_216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1698","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2013.02.004","article-title":"Good stress, bad stress and oxidative stress: Insights from anticipatory cortisol reactivity","volume":"38","author":"Aschbacher","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"ref_217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cervantes Gracia, K., Llanas-Cornejo, D., and Husi, H. (2017). CVD and Oxidative Stress. J. Clin. Med., 6.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm6020022"},{"key":"ref_218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2013.03.003","article-title":"The \u2018perfect storm\u2019 and acute coronary syndrome onset: Do psychosocial factors play a role?","volume":"55","author":"Burg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc. Dis."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/21\/21\/7818\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T10:25:55Z","timestamp":1760178355000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/21\/21\/7818"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]]},"references-count":218,"journal-issue":{"issue":"21","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms21217818"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms21217818","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]]}}}