{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T04:40:46Z","timestamp":1780375246732,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,27]],"date-time":"2020-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["15583093"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15583093"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18988016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18988016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In allergic bronchial asthma, an increased smooth muscle contractility of the airways is one of the causes of the airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Increasing evidence also suggests a possible involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in airway diseases, including asthma, although their roles in function and pathology largely unknown. The current study aimed to determine the role of a miRNA, miR-140-3p, in the control of protein expression of CD38, which is believed to regulate the contraction of smooth muscles, including the airways. In bronchial smooth muscles (BSMs) of the mice that were actively sensitized and repeatedly challenged with ovalbumin antigen, an upregulation of CD38 protein concurrently with a significant reduction of miR-140-3p was observed. In cultured human BSM cells (hBSMCs), transfection with a synthetic miR-140-3p inhibitor caused an increase in CD38 protein, indicating that its basal protein expression is regulated by endogenous miR-140-3p. Treatment of the hBSMCs with interleukin-13 (IL-13), an asthma-related cytokine, caused both an upregulation of CD38 protein and a downregulation of miR-140-3p. Transfection of the hBSMCs with miR-140-3p mimic inhibited the CD38 protein upregulation induced by IL-13. On the other hand, neither a CD38 product cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) nor its antagonist 8-bromo-cADPR had an effect on the BSM contraction even in the antigen-challenged mice. Taken together, the current findings suggest that the downregulation of miR-140-3p induced by IL-13 might cause an upregulation of CD38 protein in BSM cells of the disease, although functional and pathological roles of the upregulated CD38 are still unclear.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21217982","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,27]],"date-time":"2020-10-27T09:22:45Z","timestamp":1603790565000},"page":"7982","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Downregulation of miR-140-3p Contributes to Upregulation of CD38 Protein in Bronchial Smooth Muscle Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7342-4491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshihiko","family":"Chiba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Physiology, School of Pharmacy, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayumi","family":"Matsumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Physiology, School of Pharmacy, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0498-7215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Motohiko","family":"Hanazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Physiology, School of Pharmacy, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba 286-8686, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyasu","family":"Sakai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biomolecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02871","article-title":"The functions of animal microRNAs","volume":"431","author":"Ambros","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(04)00045-5","article-title":"MicroRNAs: Genomics, biogenesis, mechanism, and function","volume":"116","author":"Bartel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2009.01.002","article-title":"MicroRNAs: Target recognition and regulatory functions","volume":"136","author":"Bartel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1139253","article-title":"Requirement of bic\/microRNA-155 for normal immune function","volume":"316","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.21047","article-title":"Maternally imprinted microRNAs are differentially expressed during mouse and human lung development","volume":"236","author":"Williams","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dev. 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