{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:10:14Z","timestamp":1790295014669,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":117,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,7]],"date-time":"2020-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"\u201cAntitumor Drugs and Vaccines from the Sea (ADViSE)\u201d","award":["PG\/2018\/0494374"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PG\/2018\/0494374"]}]},{"name":"Ministero della Salute  (MoH)","award":["COVID-2020-12371849"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["COVID-2020-12371849"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Growing interest in hypertension\u2014one of the main factors characterizing the cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS)\u2014and anti-hypertensive drugs raised from the emergence of a new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, responsible for the COVID19 pandemic. The virus SARS-CoV-2 employs the Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a component of the RAAS (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System) system, as a receptor for entry into the cells. Several classes of synthetic drugs are available for hypertension, rarely associated with severe or mild adverse effects. New natural compounds, such as peptides, might be useful to treat some hypertensive patients. The main feature of ACE inhibitory peptides is the location of the hydrophobic residue, usually Proline, at the C-terminus. Some already known bioactive peptides derived from marine resources have potential ACE inhibitory activity and can be considered therapeutic agents to treat hypertension. Peptides isolated from marine vertebrates, invertebrates, seaweeds, or sea microorganisms displayed important biological activities to treat hypertensive patients. Here, we reviewed the anti-hypertensive activities of bioactive molecules isolated\/extracted from marine organisms and discussed the associated molecular mechanisms involved. We also examined ACE2 modulation in sight of SARS2-Cov infection prevention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21218364","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,8]],"date-time":"2020-11-08T19:03:37Z","timestamp":1604862217000},"page":"8364","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Cardiovascular Active Peptides of Marine Origin with ACE Inhibitory Activities: Potential Role as Anti-Hypertensive Drugs and in Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 Infection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Marco","family":"Festa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS MultiMedica, 30138 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clementina","family":"Sansone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Brunet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2800-3735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabio","family":"Crocetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5329-8689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luisa","family":"Di Paola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Chemical-physics Fundamentals in Chemical Engineering, Department of Engineering, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Lombardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS MultiMedica, 30138 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4790-0861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonino","family":"Bruno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS MultiMedica, 30138 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8058-0719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Douglas M.","family":"Noonan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS MultiMedica, 30138 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Laboratory of Immunology and General Pathology, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9624-5103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriana","family":"Albini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS MultiMedica, 30138 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1582","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2015.08.001","article-title":"Discovery and resupply of pharmacologically active plant-derived natural products: A review","volume":"33","author":"Atanasov","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biotechnol. 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