{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T20:20:14Z","timestamp":1793218814383,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":316,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5R01 EY026202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5R01 EY026202"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R01EY028983"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01EY028983"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disorder affecting approximately 3% of the population in the United States. This disease has a female predilection and affects exocrine glands, including lacrimal and salivary glands. Dry eyes and dry mouths are the most common symptoms due to the loss of salivary and lacrimal gland function. Symptoms become more severe in secondary SS, where SS is present along with other autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, or rheumatoid arthritis. It is known that aberrant activation of immune cells plays an important role in disease progression, however, the mechanism for these pathological changes in the immune system remains largely unknown. This review highlights the role of different immune cells in disease development, therapeutic treatments, and future strategies that are available to target various immune cells to cure the disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21239172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T20:06:09Z","timestamp":1606853169000},"page":"9172","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Innate Immunity and Biological Therapies for the Treatment of Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7818-3252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amrita","family":"Srivastava","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen P.","family":"Makarenkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1006\/clin.1994.1123","article-title":"Sjogren\u2019s syndrome: Autoimmune epithelitis","volume":"72","author":"Moutsopoulos","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin. 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