{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T19:41:24Z","timestamp":1790710884237,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,7]],"date-time":"2020-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"ELKARTEK","award":["KK-2019\/00086"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KK-2019\/00086"]}]},{"name":"Research groups of the UPV\/EHU","award":["GIU 2018\/50"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GIU 2018\/50"]}]},{"name":"MINECO-Retos","award":["PID2019-111139RB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2019-111139RB-I00"]}]},{"name":"Basque Goverment","award":["POS_2019_1_0027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POS_2019_1_0027"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>RNA binding protein with multiple splicing (RBPMS) is expressed exclusively in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in the retina and can label all RGCs in normal retinas of mice, rats, guinea pigs, rabbits, cats, and monkeys, but its function in these cells is not known. As a result of the limited knowledge regarding RBPMS, we analyzed the expression of RBPMS in the retina of different mammalian species (humans, pigs, and rats), in various stages of development (neonatal and adult) and with different levels of injury (control, hypoxia, and organotypic culture or explants). In control conditions, RBPMS was localized in the RGCs somas in the ganglion cell layer, whereas in hypoxic conditions, it was localized in the RGCs dendrites in the inner plexiform layer. Such differential distributions of RBPMS occurred in all analyzed species, and in adult and neonatal retinas. Furthermore, we demonstrate RBPMS localization in the degenerating RGCs axons in the nerve fiber layer of retinal explants. This is the first evidence regarding the possible transport of RBPMS in response to physiological damage in a mammalian retina. Therefore, RBPMS should be further investigated in relation to its role in axonal and dendritic degeneration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21239330","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,7]],"date-time":"2020-12-07T21:37:42Z","timestamp":1607377062000},"page":"9330","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Differential Distribution of RBPMS in Pig, Rat, and Human Retina after Damage"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Xandra","family":"Pereiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Experimental Ophthalmo-Biology Group (GOBE), University of the Basque Country UPV\/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noelia","family":"Ruzafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Experimental Ophthalmo-Biology Group (GOBE), University of the Basque Country UPV\/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Haritz","family":"Urcola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Experimental Ophthalmo-Biology Group (GOBE), University of the Basque Country UPV\/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Araba University Hospital, 01009 Vitoria, Alava, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sansar C.","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Experimental Ophthalmo-Biology Group (GOBE), University of the Basque Country UPV\/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1672-5132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Vecino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Experimental Ophthalmo-Biology Group (GOBE), University of the Basque Country UPV\/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4773(98)00195-6","article-title":"The RNA-binding protein gene, hermes, is expressed at high levels in the developing heart","volume":"80","author":"Gerber","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mech. Dev."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2006.06.049","article-title":"Expression of hermes gene is restricted to the ganglion cells in the retina","volume":"405","author":"Piri","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-0186(82)90049-3","article-title":"Localization of the Thy-1 antigen to the surfaces of rat retinal ganglion cells","volume":"4","author":"Beale","year":"1982","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2004.02.007","article-title":"Quantitative ex vivo detection of rodent retinal ganglion cells by immunolabeling Brn-3b","volume":"79","author":"Leahy","year":"2004","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.23521","article-title":"The RNA binding protein RBPMS is a selective marker of ganglion cells in the mammalian retina","volume":"522","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, Y., Wang, W., Liu, J., Huang, X., Liu, R., Xia, H., Brecha, N.C., Pu, M., and Gao, J. (2016). Protective Effect of ALA in Crushed Optic Nerve Cat Retinal Ganglion Cells Using a New Marker RBPMS. PLoS ONE, 11.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0160309"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McKee, A.E., Minet, E., Stern, C., Riahi, S., Stiles, C.D., and Silver, P.A. (2005). A genome-wide in situ hybridization map of RNA-binding proteins reveals anatomically restricted expression in the developing mouse brain. BMC Dev. Biol., 5.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-213X-5-14"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1907710","article-title":"Understanding neuronal connectivity through the post-transcriptional toolkit","volume":"24","author":"Loya","year":"2010","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1773","article-title":"An essential role for beta-actin mRNA localization and translation in Ca2+-dependent growth cone guidance","volume":"9","author":"Yao","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9349","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0499-10.2010","article-title":"Phosphorylation of zipcode binding protein 1 is required for brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling of local beta-actin synthesis and growth cone turning","volume":"30","author":"Sasaki","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Off. J. Soc. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9800","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0166-11.2011","article-title":"Netrin-1-induced local beta-actin synthesis and growth cone guidance requires zipcode binding protein 1","volume":"31","author":"Welshhans","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Off. J. Soc. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5271","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2387-10.2011","article-title":"Zipcode binding protein 1 regulates the development of dendritic arbors in hippocampal neurons","volume":"31","author":"Perycz","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Off. J. Soc. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Balasanyan, V., and Arnold, D.B. (2014). Actin and myosin-dependent localization of mRNA to dendrites. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0092349"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10384","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5858-12.2013","article-title":"RNA-binding protein Hermes\/RBPMS inversely affects synapse density and axon arbor formation in retinal ganglion cells in vivo","volume":"33","author":"Hornberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Off. J. Soc. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1111\/gtc.12224","article-title":"Interaction and colocalization of HERMES\/RBPMS with NonO, PSF, and G3BP1 in neuronal cytoplasmic RNP granules in mouse retinal line cells","volume":"20","author":"Furukawa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Genes Cells Devoted Mol. Cell. Mech."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"83","article-title":"Comparative study of the three neurofilament subunits within pig and human retinal ganglion cells","volume":"10","author":"Garcia","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol. Vis."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/s0304-3940(02)01322-8","article-title":"Two classes of astrocytes in the adult human and pig retina in terms of their expression of high affinity NGF receptor (TrkA)","volume":"337","author":"Hitchcock","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20516","article-title":"Topography of pig retinal ganglion cells","volume":"486","author":"Garca","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(60)91636-6","article-title":"The use of domestic animals for experimental ophthalmology","volume":"49","author":"Prince","year":"1960","journal-title":"Am. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6701576","article-title":"Animal models of optic nerve diseases","volume":"18","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.01.031","article-title":"Bruno acts as a dual repressor of oskar translation, promoting mRNA oligomerization and formation of silencing particles","volume":"124","author":"Chekulaeva","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.02.036","article-title":"The local transcriptome in the synaptic neuropil revealed by deep sequencing and high-resolution imaging","volume":"74","author":"Cajigas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.03.030","article-title":"Alternative 3\u2019 UTRs Modify the Localization, Regulatory Potential, Stability, and Plasticity of mRNAs in Neuronal Compartments","volume":"98","author":"Tushev","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2013.10.036","article-title":"The central dogma decentralized: New perspectives on RNA function and local translation in neurons","volume":"80","author":"Holt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2017.05.005","article-title":"mRNA transport & local translation in neurons","volume":"45","author":"Glock","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.06.022","article-title":"How mRNA Localization and Protein Synthesis Sites Influence Dendritic Protein Distribution and Dynamics","volume":"103","author":"Fonkeu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7131","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1801-06.2006","article-title":"RNA trafficking and local protein synthesis in dendrites: An overview","volume":"26","author":"Martin","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2011.02.008","article-title":"Axotomy-induced retinal ganglion cell death in adult mice: Quantitative and topographic time course analyses","volume":"92","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-11207","article-title":"Effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor on mouse axotomized retinal ganglion cells and phagocytic microglia","volume":"54","year":"2013","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2015.03.015","article-title":"Retino-retinal projection in juvenile and young adult rats and mice","volume":"134","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.05.029","article-title":"Dynamic Axonal Translation in Developing and Mature Visual Circuits","volume":"166","author":"Shigeoka","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e33","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkv1027","article-title":"Whole transcriptome profiling reveals the RNA content of motor axons","volume":"44","author":"Briese","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1261\/rna.2386111","article-title":"Transcriptome analysis of embryonic and adult sensory axons reveals changes in mRNA repertoire localization","volume":"17","author":"Gumy","year":"2011","journal-title":"RNA"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1261\/rna.047373.114","article-title":"Subcellular transcriptome alterations in a cell culture model of spinal muscular atrophy point to widespread defects in axonal growth and presynaptic differentiation","volume":"20","author":"Saal","year":"2014","journal-title":"RNA"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200703209","article-title":"Extracellular stimuli specifically regulate localized levels of individual neuronal mRNAs","volume":"178","author":"Willis","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15464","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1800-10.2010","article-title":"Subcellular profiling reveals distinct and developmentally regulated repertoire of growth cone mRNAs","volume":"30","author":"Zivraj","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13939","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0907143106","article-title":"Cell-type-specific isolation of ribosome-associated mRNA from complex tissues","volume":"106","author":"Sanz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-7213-5_5","article-title":"Axon-TRAP-RiboTag: Affinity Purification of Translated mRNAs from Neuronal Axons in Mouse In Vivo","volume":"1649","author":"Shigeoka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.02.018","article-title":"mRNP assembly, axonal transport, and local translation in neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"1693","author":"Khalil","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain Res."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/21\/23\/9330\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T10:42:06Z","timestamp":1760179326000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/21\/23\/9330"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,7]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms21239330"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms21239330","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,7]]}}}