{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T15:34:18Z","timestamp":1792683258871,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,14]],"date-time":"2020-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD), Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are neurodegenerative disorders characterized by a progressive degeneration of the central or peripheral nervous systems. A central role of the RNA metabolism has emerged in these diseases, concerning mRNAs processing and non-coding RNAs biogenesis. We aimed to identify possible common grounds or differences in the dysregulated pathways of AD, PD, and ALS. To do so, we performed RNA-seq analysis to investigate the deregulation of both coding and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in ALS, AD, and PD patients and controls (CTRL) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). A total of 293 differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs and 87 mRNAs were found in ALS patients. In AD patients a total of 23 DE genes emerged, 19 protein coding genes and four lncRNAs. Through Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses, we found common affected pathways and biological processes in ALS and AD. In PD patients only five genes were found to be DE. Our data brought to light the importance of lncRNAs and mRNAs regulation in three principal neurodegenerative disorders, offering starting points for new investigations on deregulated pathogenic mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21249500","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,14]],"date-time":"2020-12-14T21:25:08Z","timestamp":1607981108000},"page":"9500","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Alzheimer\u2019s, Parkinson\u2019s Disease and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Gene Expression Patterns Divergence Reveals Different Grade of RNA Metabolism Involvement"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Maria","family":"Garofalo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomic and Post-Genomic Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biology and Biotechnology \u201cL. Spallanzani\u201d, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Pandini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomic and Post-Genomic Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Bordoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Centro di Eccellenza sulle Malattie Neurodegenerative, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3041-0612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Orietta","family":"Pansarasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomic and Post-Genomic Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7944-3143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federica","family":"Rey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences \u201cLuigi Sacco\u201d, University of Milan, Via G.B Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Pediatric Clinical Research Center Fondazione \u201cRomeo ed Enrica Invernizzi\u201d, University of Milano, Via G.B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfredo","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brigida","family":"Minafra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parkinson Unit and Movement disorders Mondino Foundation IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Diamanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuro-Oncology Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanna","family":"Zucca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomic and Post-Genomic Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy"},{"name":"enGenomesrl, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4603-396X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephana","family":"Carelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences \u201cLuigi Sacco\u201d, University of Milan, Via G.B Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Pediatric Clinical Research Center Fondazione \u201cRomeo ed Enrica Invernizzi\u201d, University of Milano, Via G.B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9571-0862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Cereda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomic and Post-Genomic Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6589-6907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stella","family":"Gagliardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomic and Post-Genomic Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hussain, R., Zubair, H., Pursell, S., and Shahab, M. (2018). Neurodegenerative Diseases: Regenerative Mechanisms and Novel Therapeutic Approaches. 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