{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T20:44:56Z","timestamp":1789677896033,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":164,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,11]],"date-time":"2021-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610323200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sjogren\u2019s syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the infiltration of exocrine glands including salivary and lachrymal glands responsible for the classical dry eyes and mouth symptoms (sicca syndrome). The spectrum of disease manifestations stretches beyond the classical sicca syndrome with systemic manifestations including arthritis, interstitial lung involvement, and neurological involvement. The pathophysiology underlying SS is not well deciphered, but several converging lines of evidence have supported the conjuncture of different factors interplaying together to foster the initiation and perpetuation of the disease. The innate and adaptive immune system play a cardinal role in this process. In this review, we discuss the inherent parts played by both the innate and adaptive immune system in the pathogenesis of SS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22020658","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,11]],"date-time":"2021-01-11T11:36:11Z","timestamp":1610364971000},"page":"658","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["The Involvement of Innate and Adaptive Immunity in the Initiation and Perpetuation of Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Clara","family":"Chivasso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Sarrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, H\u00f4pital Erasme, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7161-7604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason","family":"Perret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0385-5824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christine","family":"Delporte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Shahnawaz","family":"Soyfoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, H\u00f4pital Erasme, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-857X(21)00314-8","article-title":"Pathogenesis of Sjogren\u2019s syndrome","volume":"18","author":"Fox","year":"1992","journal-title":"Rheum. 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