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Homeostasis of the ocular surface, including its innate immune components, is altered in ocular surface disease states. In this review, we focus on antimicrobial peptides and the role they play in the immune response of the ocular surface during healthy states and dry eye diseases. Antimicrobial peptides are of special interest to the study of the ocular surface because of their various roles that include microbial threat neutralization, wound healing, and immune modulation. This review explores current literature on antimicrobial peptides in ocular surface diseases and discusses their therapeutic potential in ocular surface diseases and dry eye.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22020721","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]],"date-time":"2021-01-13T11:52:32Z","timestamp":1610538752000},"page":"721","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The Role of Endogenous Antimicrobial Peptides in Modulating Innate Immunity of the Ocular Surface in Dry Eye Diseases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7012-1076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Youssof","family":"Eshac","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21131, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel L.","family":"Redfern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ocular Surface Institute, College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3488-4583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vinay Kumar","family":"Aakalu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"89","article-title":"Rationale for anti-inflammatory therapy in dry eye syndrome","volume":"71","author":"Pflugfelder","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arq. 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