{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T00:04:09Z","timestamp":1793318649713,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,16]],"date-time":"2021-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613433600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI Grant","award":["19K16441; 16H01808, 18KK0247, 20H00568"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19K16441; 16H01808, 18KK0247, 20H00568"]}]},{"name":"the Czech Republic Ministry of Health","award":["RVO 00023728, RVO VFN64165, BBMRI-CZ LM2018125"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RVO 00023728, RVO VFN64165, BBMRI-CZ LM2018125"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The ABCG2 gene is a well-established hyperuricemia\/gout risk locus encoding a urate transporter that plays a crucial role in renal and intestinal urate excretion. Hitherto, p.Q141K\u2014a common variant of ABCG2 exhibiting approximately one half the cellular function compared to the wild-type\u2014has been reportedly associated with early-onset gout in some populations. However, compared with adult-onset gout, little clinical information is available regarding the association of other uricemia-associated genetic variations with early-onset gout; the latent involvement of ABCG2 in the development of this disease requires further evidence. We describe a representative case of familial pediatric-onset hyperuricemia and early-onset gout associated with a dysfunctional ABCG2, i.e., a clinical history of three generations of one Czech family with biochemical and molecular genetic findings. Hyperuricemia was defined as serum uric acid (SUA) concentrations 420 \u03bcmol\/L for men or 360 \u03bcmol\/L for women and children under 15 years on two measurements, performed at least four weeks apart. The proband was a 12-year-old girl of Roma ethnicity, whose SUA concentrations were 397\u2013405 \u00b5mol\/L. Sequencing analyses focusing on the coding region of ABCG2 identified two rare mutations\u2014c.393G&gt;T (p.M131I) and c.706C&gt;T (p.R236X). Segregation analysis revealed a plausible link between these mutations and hyperuricemia and the gout phenotype in family relatives. Functional studies revealed that p.M131I and p.R236X were functionally deficient and null, respectively. Our findings illustrate why genetic factors affecting ABCG2 function should be routinely considered in clinical practice as part of a hyperuricemia\/gout diagnosis, especially in pediatric-onset patients with a strong family history.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22041935","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,16]],"date-time":"2021-02-16T08:09:09Z","timestamp":1613462949000},"page":"1935","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Identification of Two Dysfunctional Variants in the ABCG2 Urate Transporter Associated with Pediatric-Onset of Familial Hyperuricemia and Early-Onset Gout"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7411-0531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Toyoda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5379-7282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kate\u0159ina","family":"Pavelcov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Rheumatology, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7446-1542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jana","family":"Bohat\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Rheumatology, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pavel","family":"Je\u0161ina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 121 00 Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Kubota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3868-9320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tappei","family":"Takada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2465-1476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Blanka","family":"Stiburkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Rheumatology, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 121 00 Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0115-y","article-title":"Gout","volume":"5","author":"Dalbeth","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. 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