{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T03:36:46Z","timestamp":1778211406857,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,22]],"date-time":"2021-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616371200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sperm fertility ability may be modulated by different molecular systems, such as the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Although renin is one of its most relevant peptides, the presence and role of the (pro)renin receptor (PRR) is completely unknown. We have proved for the first time the existence of PRR and its transcript in human sperm by western blot and RT-PCR. Immunofluorescence studies showed that this receptor is mainly located in the apical region over the acrosome and in the postacrosomal region of the sperm head and along the sperm tail. In addition, this prospective cohort study also proves that semen samples with higher percentages of PRR-positive spermatozoa are associated with poor sperm motility, worse blastocyst development and no-viable blastocysts. Our results provide insight into how PRR play a negative role in sperm physiology that it may condition human embryo quality and development. An in-depth understanding of the role of PRR in sperm fertility can help elucidate its role in male infertility, as well as establish biomarkers for the diagnosis or selection of sperm to use during assisted reproductive techniques.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22063215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,22]],"date-time":"2021-03-22T11:13:26Z","timestamp":1616411606000},"page":"3215","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["(Pro)renin Receptor Is Present in Human Sperm and It Adversely Affects Sperm Fertility Ability"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2351-4955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Gianzo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV\/EHU), 48940 Bizkaia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Itziar","family":"Urizar-Arenaza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV\/EHU), 48940 Bizkaia, Spain"},{"name":"Innovation in Assisted Reproduction Group, Biocruces-Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iraia","family":"Mu\u00f1oa-Hoyos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV\/EHU), 48940 Bizkaia, Spain"},{"name":"Innovation in Assisted Reproduction Group, Biocruces-Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zaloa","family":"Larreategui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Valencian Institute of Infertility (IVI-RMA)-Bilbao, 48940 Bizkaia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicol\u00e1s","family":"Garrido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IVI Foundation, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46015 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6763-8602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jon","family":"Irazusta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV\/EHU), 48940 Bizkaia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nerea","family":"Subir\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV\/EHU), 48940 Bizkaia, Spain"},{"name":"Innovation in Assisted Reproduction Group, Biocruces-Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain"},{"name":"Research and Development Department, MEPRO Medical Reproductive Solutions, 20009 San Sebastian, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmv016","article-title":"Infertility around the globe: New thinking on gender, reproductive technologies and global movements in the 21st century","volume":"21","author":"Inhorn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum. 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