{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T07:31:36Z","timestamp":1780471896400,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,24]],"date-time":"2021-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have been a rich source of novel drug discovery, and Cassia seed is one of the common TCMs with numerous biological effects. Based on the existing reports on neuroprotection by Cassia seed extract, the present study aims to search possible pharmacological targets behind the neuroprotective effects of the Cassia seeds by evaluating the functional effect of specific Cassia compounds on various G-protein-coupled receptors. Among the four test compounds (cassiaside, rubrofusarin gentiobioside, aurantio-obtusin, and 2-hydroxyemodin 1-methylether), only aurantio-obtusin demonstrated a specific V1AR antagonist effect (71.80 \u00b1 6.0% inhibition at 100 \u00b5M) and yielded an IC50 value of 67.70 \u00b1 2.41 \u03bcM. A molecular docking study predicted an additional interaction of the hydroxyl group at C6 and a methoxy group at C7 of aurantio-obtusin with the Ser341 residue as functional for the observed antagonist effect. In the transient brain ischemia\/reperfusion injury C57BL\/6 mice model, aurantio-obtusin attenuated the latency time that was reduced in the bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) groups. Likewise, compared to neuronal damage in the BCCAO groups, treatment with aurantio-obtusin (10 mg\/kg, p.o.) significantly reduced the severity of damage in medial cornu ammonis 1 (mCA1), dorsal CA1, and cortex regions. Overall, the findings of this study highlight V1AR as a possible target of aurantio-obtusin for neuroprotection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22073335","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,24]],"date-time":"2021-03-24T15:42:19Z","timestamp":1616600539000},"page":"3335","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Neuroprotective Effect of Aurantio-Obtusin, a Putative Vasopressin V1A Receptor Antagonist, on Transient Forebrain Ischemia Mice Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8482-1129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pradeep","family":"Paudel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea"},{"name":"National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jieun","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Se Eun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul 05505, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2683-7373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Su Hui","family":"Seong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun Ah","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9034-8868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jae Sue","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1017\/neu.2014.20","article-title":"Oxytocin and vasopressin levels are decreased in the plasma of male schizophrenia patients","volume":"26","author":"Jobst","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Neuropsychiatr."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2010.05.050","article-title":"Association study between single nucleotide polymorphisms in promoter region of AVPR1A and Korean autism spectrum disorders","volume":"479","author":"Yang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurosci. 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