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In clinical practice, many efforts have been made during the last two decades to standardize image analyses at the international level, but advanced metrics are still under use in practice. In parallel, the integration of PET imaging with radionuclide therapy, also known as radiolabeled theranostics, has paved the way towards highly sensitive radionuclide-based precision medicine, with major breakthroughs emerging in neuroendocrine tumors and prostate cancer. PET imaging of tumor immunity and beyond is also emerging, emphasizing the unique capabilities of PET molecular imaging to constantly adapt to emerging oncological challenges. However, these new horizons face the growing complexity of multidimensional data. In the era of precision medicine, statistical and computer sciences are currently revolutionizing image-based decision making, paving the way for more holistic cancer molecular imaging analyses at the whole-body level.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22084159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,18]],"date-time":"2021-04-18T22:15:13Z","timestamp":1618784113000},"page":"4159","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":94,"title":["PET Molecular Imaging: A Holistic Review of Current Practice and Emerging Perspectives for Diagnosis, Therapeutic Evaluation and Prognosis in Clinical Oncology"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Valentin","family":"Duclos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine-Molecular Imaging, H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires Paris Saclay, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, CHU Bic\u00eatre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bic\u00eatre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Iep","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine-Molecular Imaging, H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires Paris Saclay, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, CHU Bic\u00eatre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bic\u00eatre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L\u00e9a","family":"Gomez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine-Molecular Imaging, H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires Paris Saclay, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, CHU Bic\u00eatre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bic\u00eatre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucas","family":"Goldfarb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service Hospitalier Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Joliot-CEA, 91401 Orsay, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9826-3890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florent L.","family":"Besson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine-Molecular Imaging, H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires Paris Saclay, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, CHU Bic\u00eatre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bic\u00eatre, France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Inserm, BioMaps, 91401 Orsay, France"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 Paris Saclay, 94720 Le Kremlin-Bic\u00eatre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)08352-6","article-title":"Effectiveness of positron emission tomography in the preoperative assessment of patients with suspected non-small-cell lung cancer: The PLUS multicentre randomised trial","volume":"359","author":"Hoekstra","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.06.1175","article-title":"The National Oncologic PET Registry: Expanded medicare coverage for PET under coverage with evidence development","volume":"188","author":"Lindsay","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. 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