{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T03:29:49Z","timestamp":1782444589693,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,21]],"date-time":"2021-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618963200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007801","name":"Fundaci\u00f3n S\u00e9neca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19540\/PI\/14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19540\/PI\/14"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007801","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014440","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FPU18\/02549"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FPU18\/02549"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Torno Subito Programme promoted by the Regione Lazio and managed by DiSCo Lazio","award":["1912116092019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1912116092019"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["88882330550\/2019-01; 88887469009\/2019-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88882330550\/2019-01; 88887469009\/2019-00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The diurnal rodent Octodon degus (O. degus) is considered an attractive natural model for Alzheimer\u2019s disease and other human age-related features. However, it has not been explored so far if the O. degus could be used as a model to study Parkinson\u2019s disease. To test this idea, 10 adult male O. degus were divided into control group and MPTP-intoxicated animals. Motor condition and cognition were examined. Dopaminergic degeneration was studied in the ventral mesencephalon and in the striatum. Neuroinflammation was also evaluated in the ventral mesencephalon, in the striatum and in the dorsal hippocampus. MPTP animals showed significant alterations in motor activity and in visuospatial memory. Postmortem analysis revealed a significant decrease in the number of dopaminergic neurons in the ventral mesencephalon of MPTP animals, although no differences were found in their striatal terminals. We observed a significant increase in neuroinflammatory responses in the mesencephalon, in the striatum and in the hippocampus of MPTP-intoxicated animals. Additionally, changes in the subcellular expression of the calcium-binding protein S100\u03b2 were found in the astrocytes in the nigrostriatal pathway. These findings prove for the first time that O. degus are sensitive to MPTP intoxication and, therefore, is a suitable model for experimental Parkinsonism in the context of aging.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22094341","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,21]],"date-time":"2021-04-21T12:47:07Z","timestamp":1619009227000},"page":"4341","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A New Tool to Study Parkinsonism in the Context of Aging: MPTP Intoxication in a Natural Model of Multimorbidity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1589-2139","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorena","family":"Cuenca-Bermejo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience (NiCE), Institute for Aging Research (IUIE), School of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2336-5024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisa","family":"Pizzichini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience (NiCE), Institute for Aging Research (IUIE), School of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Biology and Biotechnology \u201cCharles Darwin\u201d (BBCD), Sapienza, University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5536-0308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valeria","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience (NiCE), Institute for Aging Research (IUIE), School of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"},{"name":"Disciplina de Neuroci\u00eancia, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo (UNIFESP), S\u00e3o Paulo 04039-032, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Guill\u00e9n-D\u00edaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience (NiCE), Institute for Aging Research (IUIE), School of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Aguilar-Mo\u00f1ino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience (NiCE), Institute for Aging Research (IUIE), School of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Consuelo","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Rodrigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience (NiCE), Institute for Aging Research (IUIE), School of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana-Mar\u00eda","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Cuello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience (NiCE), Institute for Aging Research (IUIE), School of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emiliano","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Villalba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience (NiCE), Institute for Aging Research (IUIE), School of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4953-1446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Herrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience (NiCE), Institute for Aging Research (IUIE), School of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2019.03.001","article-title":"Parkinson\u2019s disease and parkinsonism","volume":"132","author":"Hayes","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. 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