{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T14:50:29Z","timestamp":1777560629422,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]],"date-time":"2021-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the seventh leading cause of cancer death worldwide, and remains one of our most recalcitrant and dismal diseases. In contrast to many other malignancies, there has not been a significant improvement in patient survival over the past decade. Despite advances in our understanding of the genetic alterations associated with this disease, an incomplete understanding of the underlying biology and lack of suitable animal models have hampered efforts to develop more effective therapies. LKB1 is a tumor suppressor that functions as a primary upstream kinase of adenine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which is an important mediator in the regulation of cell growth and epithelial polarity pathways. LKB1 is mutated in a significant number of Peutz\u2013Jeghers syndrome (PJS) patients and in a small proportion of sporadic cancers, including PC; however, little is known about how LKB1 loss contributes to PC development. Here, we report that a reduction in Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin activity is associated with LKB1 tumor-suppressive properties in PC. Remarkably, in vivo functional analyses of \u03b2-catenin in the Pdx-1-Cre LKB1L\/L \u03b2-cateninL\/L mouse model compared to LKB1 loss-driven cystadenoma demonstrate that the loss of \u03b2-catenin impairs cystadenoma development in the pancreas of Pdx-1Cre LKB1L\/L mice and dramatically restores the normal development and functions of the pancreas. This study further determined the in vivo and in vitro therapeutic efficacy of the \u03b2-catenin inhibitor FH535 in suppressing LKB1 loss-driven cystadenoma and reducing PC progression that delineates the potential roles of Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling in PC harboring LKB1 deficiency.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22094649","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]],"date-time":"2021-04-28T10:41:58Z","timestamp":1619606518000},"page":"4649","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Inhibition of \u03b2-Catenin Activity Abolishes LKB1 Loss-Driven Pancreatic Cystadenoma in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Mei-Jen","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 802, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0081-8342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ching-Chieh","family":"Weng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Chun","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chia-Chen","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li-Tzong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan"},{"name":"National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 704, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kuang-Hung","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan"},{"name":"National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 704, Taiwan"},{"name":"Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21442","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2018","volume":"68","author":"Siegel","year":"2018","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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