{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T21:57:55Z","timestamp":1792101475401,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":124,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,30]],"date-time":"2021-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry","award":["318027-04-2-HD030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["318027-04-2-HD030"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Nitric oxide (NO) is a neurotransmitter that mediates the activation and inhibition of inflammatory cascades. Even though physiological NO is required for defense against various pathogens, excessive NO can trigger inflammatory signaling and cell death through reactive nitrogen species-induced oxidative stress. Excessive NO production by activated microglial cells is specifically associated with neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative conditions, such as Alzheimer\u2019s and Parkinson\u2019s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ischemia, hypoxia, multiple sclerosis, and other afflictions of the central nervous system (CNS). Therefore, controlling excessive NO production is a desirable therapeutic strategy for managing various neuroinflammatory disorders. Recently, phytochemicals have attracted considerable attention because of their potential to counteract excessive NO production in CNS disorders. Moreover, phytochemicals and nutraceuticals are typically safe and effective. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of NO production and its involvement in various neurological disorders, and we revisit a number of recently identified phytochemicals which may act as NO inhibitors. This review may help identify novel potent anti-inflammatory agents that can downregulate NO, specifically during neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22094771","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,30]],"date-time":"2021-04-30T10:53:29Z","timestamp":1619780009000},"page":"4771","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Nitric Oxide as a Target for Phytochemicals in Anti-Neuroinflammatory Prevention Therapy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4851-7650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lalita","family":"Subedi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, #191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhakta Prasad","family":"Gaire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, #191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8044-5613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sun-Yeou","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, #191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amna","family":"Parveen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, #191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1254\/jjp.69.1","article-title":"Role of nitric oxide in central synaptic transmission: Effects on neurotransmitter release","volume":"69","author":"Kuriyama","year":"1995","journal-title":"Jpn. 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