{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T16:20:03Z","timestamp":1790612403407,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,29]],"date-time":"2021-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Canada 150 Research Chair Program","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RGPIN-2019-03916"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGPIN-2019-03916"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>At the onset of diabetes, the kidney grows large and the glomerular filtration rate becomes abnormally high. These structural and hemodynamics changes affect kidney function and may contribute to the development of chronic kidney disease. The goal of this study is to analyze how kidney function is altered in patients with diabetes and the renal effects of an anti-hyperglyceamic therapy that inhibits the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) in the proximal convoluted tubules. To accomplish that goal, we have developed a computational model of kidney function in a patient with diabetes and conducted simulations to study the effects of diabetes and SGLT2 inhibition on solute and water transport along the nephrons. Simulation results indicate that diabetes-induced hyperfiltration and tubular hypertrophy enhances Na+ transport, especially along the proximal tubules and thick ascending limbs. These simulations suggest that SGLT2 inhibition may attenuate glomerular hyperfiltration by limiting Na+-glucose transport, raising luminal [Cl\u2212] at the macula densa, restoring the tubuloglomerular feedback signal, thereby reducing single-nephron glomerular filtration rate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22115819","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,31]],"date-time":"2021-05-31T00:22:15Z","timestamp":1622420535000},"page":"5819","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["A Computational Model of Kidney Function in a Patient with Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Rui","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Layton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Biology, Cheriton School of Computer Science, and School of Pharmacology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2019.107843","article-title":"Global and regional diabetes prevalence estimates for 2019 and projections for 2030 and 2045: Results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas","volume":"157","author":"Saeedi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Res. 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