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Glucocorticoid hormones are the main effectors of stress response and aberrant glucocorticoid signaling has been associated with an increased risk for psychiatric and mood disorders, including schizophrenia, post-traumatic stress disorder and depression. Emerging evidence suggests that life-stress experiences can alter the epigenetic landscape and impact the function of genes involved in the regulation of stress response. More importantly, epigenetic changes induced by stressors persist over time, leading to increased susceptibility for a number of stress-related disorders. In this review, we discuss the role of glucocorticoids in the regulation of stress response, the mechanism through which stressful experiences can become biologically embedded through epigenetic alterations, and we underline potential associations between epigenetic changes and the development of stress-related disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22115964","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,31]],"date-time":"2021-05-31T23:33:33Z","timestamp":1622504013000},"page":"5964","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":89,"title":["Glucocorticoid Signaling and Epigenetic Alterations in Stress-Related Disorders"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Niki","family":"Mourtzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, \u201cAghia Sophia\u201d Children\u2019s Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amalia","family":"Sertedaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, \u201cAghia Sophia\u201d Children\u2019s Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0851-6998","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evangelia","family":"Charmandari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, \u201cAghia Sophia\u201d Children\u2019s Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece"},{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.physiol.67.040403.120816","article-title":"Endocrinology of the stress response","volume":"67","author":"Charmandari","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annu. 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