{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T08:07:27Z","timestamp":1784966847642,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]],"date-time":"2021-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP)","award":["NRF-2018R1D1A1B07048376, NRF-2019R1I1A1A01062205, and NRF-2019R1A2C2010404"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2018R1D1A1B07048376, NRF-2019R1I1A1A01062205, and NRF-2019R1A2C2010404"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Little is known about the ability for epithelial regeneration and wound healing in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. We evaluated the epithelial proliferation and wound healing ability of patients with Crohn\u2019s disease (CD) using patient-derived intestinal organoids. Human intestinal organoids were constructed in a three-dimensional intestinal crypt culture of enteroscopic biopsy samples from controls and CD patients. The organoid-forming efficiency of ileal crypts derived from CD patients was reduced compared with those from control subjects (p &lt; 0.001). Long-term cultured organoids (\u22656 passages) derived from controls and CD patients showed an indistinguishable microscopic appearance and culturing behavior. Under TNF\u03b1-enriched conditions (30 ng\/mL), the organoid reconstitution rate and cell viability of CD patient-derived organoids were significantly lower than those of the control organoids (p &lt; 0.05 for each). The number of EdU+ cells was significantly lower in TNF\u03b1-treated organoids derived from CD patients than in TNF\u03b1-treated control organoids (p &lt; 0.05). In a wound healing assay, the unhealed area in TNF\u03b1-treated CD patient-derived organoids was significantly larger than that of TNF\u03b1-treated control organoids (p &lt; 0.001). The wound healing ability of CD patient-derived organoids is reduced in TNF\u03b1-enriched conditions, due to reduced cell proliferation. Epithelial regeneration ability may be impaired in patients with CD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22116013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]],"date-time":"2021-06-02T10:38:39Z","timestamp":1622630319000},"page":"6013","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Epithelial Regeneration Ability of Crohn\u2019s Disease Assessed Using Patient-Derived Intestinal Organoids"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3992-9645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chansu","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Samsung Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 0635l, Korea"},{"name":"Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Center, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung-Noh","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Samsung Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 0635l, Korea"},{"name":"Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Center, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun-Ran","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Samsung Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 0635l, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong-Kyung","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Samsung Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 0635l, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young-Ho","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Samsung Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 0635l, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2013.09.015","article-title":"Transplantation of expanded fetal intestinal progenitors contributes to colon regeneration after injury","volume":"13","author":"Fordham","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2013.11.008","article-title":"Lgr5+ stem cells are indispensable for radiation-induced intestinal regeneration","volume":"14","author":"Metcalfe","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31711-1","article-title":"Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"389","author":"Torres","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.5217\/ir.2019.09154","article-title":"Recent updates on the basic mechanisms and pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases in experimental animal models","volume":"18","author":"Mizoguchi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Intest. 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