{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T05:21:34Z","timestamp":1788844894779,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]],"date-time":"2021-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623024000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000005","name":"U.S. Department of Defense","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PR171482"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PR171482"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000005","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Candida auris is a multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen that can cause disseminated bloodstream infections with up to 60% mortality in susceptible populations. Of the three major classes of antifungal drugs, most C. auris isolates show high resistance to azoles and polyenes, with some clinical isolates showing resistance to all three drug classes. We reported in this study a novel approach to treating C. auris disseminated infections through passive transfer of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting cell surface antigens with high homology in medically important Candida species. Using an established A\/J mouse model of disseminated infection that mimics human candidiasis, we showed that C3.1, a mAb that targets \u03b2-1,2-mannotriose (\u03b2-Man3), significantly extended survival and reduced fungal burdens in target organs, compared to control mice. We also demonstrated that two peptide-specific mAbs, 6H1 and 9F2, which target hyphal wall protein 1 (Hwp1) and phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (Pgk1), respectively, also provided significantly enhanced survival and reduction of fungal burdens. Finally, we showed that passive transfer of a 6H1+9F2 cocktail induced significantly enhanced protection, compared to treatment with either mAb individually. Our data demonstrate the utility of \u03b2-Man3- and peptide-specific mAbs as an effective alternative to antifungals against medically important Candida species including multidrug-resistant C. auris.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22116162","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]],"date-time":"2021-06-07T22:23:00Z","timestamp":1623104580000},"page":"6162","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Candida Cell-Surface-Specific Monoclonal Antibodies Protect Mice against Candida auris Invasive Infection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Jonothan","family":"Rosario-Colon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University\u2014Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Eberle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University\u2014Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abby","family":"Adams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University\u2014Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evan","family":"Courville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University\u2014Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Xin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University\u2014Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.2008.00083.x","article-title":"Candida auris sp. nov., a novel ascomycetous yeast isolated from the external ear canal of an inpatient in a Japanese hospital","volume":"53","author":"Satoh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myy054","article-title":"Candida auris: The recent emergence of a multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen","volume":"57","author":"Forsberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med. Mycol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-016-0132-5","article-title":"First hospital outbreak of the globally emerging Candida auris in a European hospital","volume":"5","author":"Schelenz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Resist. Infect. Control."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw691","article-title":"Simultaneous Emergence of Multidrug-Resistant Candida auris on 3 Continents Confirmed by Whole-Genome Sequencing and Epidemiological Analyses","volume":"64","author":"Lockhart","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-013-2027-1","article-title":"Multidrug-resistant endemic clonal strain of Candida auris in India","volume":"33","author":"Chowdhary","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"e01503","article-title":"Laboratory Analysis of an Outbreak of Candida auris in New York from 2016 to 2018: Impact and Lessons Learned","volume":"58","author":"Zhu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7002e3","article-title":"Candida auris Outbreak in a COVID-19 Specialty Care Unit\u2014Florida, July\u2013August 2020","volume":"70","author":"Prestel","year":"2021","journal-title":"MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Di Pilato, V., Codda, G., Ball, L., Giacobbe, D., Willison, E., Mikulska, M., Magnasco, L., Crea, F., Vena, A., and Pelosi, P. (2021). Molecular Epidemiological Investigation of a Nosocomial Cluster of C. auris: Evidence of Recent Emergence in Italy and Ease of Transmission during the COVID-19 Pandemic. J. Fungi, 7.","DOI":"10.3390\/jof7020140"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Almeida, J., Francisco, E., Hagen, F., Brand\u00e3o, I., Pereira, F., Dias, P.P., Costa, M.D.M., Jord\u00e3o, R.D.S., de Groot, T., and Colombo, A. (2021). Emergence of Candida auris in Brazil in a COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit. J. Fungi, 7.","DOI":"10.3390\/jof7030220"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1910.130393","article-title":"New Clonal Strain of Candida auris, Delhi, India","volume":"19","author":"Chowdhary","year":"2013","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2301.161497","article-title":"Invasive Infections with Multidrug-Resistant Yeast Candida auris, Colombia","volume":"23","author":"Morales","year":"2017","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2507.180491","article-title":"Hospital-Associated Multicenter Outbreak of Emerging Fungus Candida auris, Colombia, 2016","volume":"25","author":"Armstrong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2018.01.034","article-title":"First report of sporadic cases of Candida auris in Colombia","volume":"69","author":"Valderrama","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12781","article-title":"An outbreak due to Candida auris with prolonged colonisation and candidaemia in a tertiary care European hospital","volume":"61","author":"Moret","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2018.02.005","article-title":"Persistent candidemia despite appropriate fungal therapy: First case of Candida auris from the United Arab Emirates","volume":"70","author":"Alatoom","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30597-8","article-title":"Multiple introductions and subsequent transmission of multidrug-resistant Candida auris in the USA: A molecular epidemiological survey","volume":"18","author":"Chow","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vallabhaneni, S., Cleveland, A.A., Farley, M.M., Harrison, L.H., Schaffner, W., Beldavs, Z.G., Derado, G., Pham, C.D., Lockhart, S.R., and Smith, R.M. (2015). Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Echinocandin Nonsusceptible Candida glabrata Bloodstream Infections: Data From a Large Multisite Population-Based Candidemia Surveillance Program, 2008\u20132014. Open Forum Infect. Dis., 2.","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofv163"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12904","article-title":"Candida auris\u2014The growing menace to global health","volume":"62","author":"Lone","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd.2017.46","article-title":"The antifungal pipeline: A reality check","volume":"16","author":"Perfect","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kean, R., and Ramage, G. (2019). Combined Antifungal Resistance and Biofilm Tolerance: The Global Threat of Candida auris. mSphere, 4.","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00458-19"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000539","article-title":"Monoclonal antibody-based therapies for bacterial infections","volume":"32","author":"Motley","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-017-0019-3","article-title":"Antibody therapies for the prevention and treatment of viral infections","volume":"2","author":"Salazar","year":"2017","journal-title":"npj Vaccines"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-014-0466-0","article-title":"The protective role of immunoglobulins in fungal infections and inflammation","volume":"37","author":"Elluru","year":"2015","journal-title":"Semin. Immunopathol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-019-0592-z","article-title":"Development of therapeutic antibodies for the treatment of diseases","volume":"27","author":"Lu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Sci."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tuccori, M., Ferraro, S., Convertino, I., Cappello, E., Valdiserra, G., Blandizzi, C., Maggi, F., and Focosi, D. (2020). Anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing monoclonal antibodies: Clinical pipeline. mAbs, 12.","DOI":"10.1080\/19420862.2020.1854149"},{"key":"ref_26","unstructured":"FDA Press Announcements (2021, January 12). Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update: FDA Authorizes Monoclonal Antibody for Treatment of COVID-19, Available online: https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/news-events\/press-announcements\/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-authorizes-monoclonal-antibody-treatment-covid-19."},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"FDA Press Announcements (2021, January 12). Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update: FDA Authorizes Monoclonal Antibodies for Treatment of COVID-19, Available online: https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/news-events\/press-announcements\/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-authorizes-monoclonal-antibodies-treatment-covid-19."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.3MR0214-109R","article-title":"Complement modulation of T cell immune responses during homeostasis and disease","volume":"96","author":"Clarke","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201142057","article-title":"Complement plays a central role in Candida albicans-induced cytokine production by human PBMCs","volume":"42","author":"Cheng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5868","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.10.5868-5876.2004","article-title":"Dysregulated Inflammatory Response to Candida albicans in a C5-Deficient Mouse Strain","volume":"72","author":"Mullick","year":"2004","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Torres, S.R., Pichowicz, A., Torres-Velez, F., Song, R., Singh, N., Lasek-Nesselquist, E., and De Jesus, M. (2019). Impact of Candida auris Infection in a Neutropenic Murine Model. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 64.","DOI":"10.1101\/731281"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1904","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkz100","article-title":"Drosophila melanogaster as a model to study virulence and azole treatment of the emerging pathogen Candida auris","volume":"74","author":"Wurster","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xin, H., Mohiuddin, F., Tran, J., Adams, A., and Eberle, K. (2019). Experimental Mouse Models of Disseminated Candida auris Infection. mSphere, 4.","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00339-19"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Singh, S., Uppuluri, P., Mamouei, Z., Alqarihi, A., Elhassan, H., French, S., Lockhart, S.R., Chiller, T., Edwards, J.E., and Ibra-him, A.S. (2019). The NDV-3A vaccine protects mice from multidrug resistant Candida auris infection. PLoS Pathog., 15.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1007460"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borman, A.M., Szekely, A., and Johnson, E.M. (2016). Comparative Pathogenicity of United Kingdom Isolates of the Emerging Pathogen Candida auris and Other Key Pathogenic Candida Species. mSphere, 1.","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00189-16"},{"key":"ref_36","unstructured":"AR Isolate Bank (2021, May 27). Candida auris, Available online: https:\/\/wwwn.cdc.gov\/ARIsolateBank\/Panel\/PanelDetail?ID=2."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkx427","article-title":"MIC-based dose adjustment: Facts and fables","volume":"73","author":"Mouton","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-018-0018-3","article-title":"Mind your mouse strain","volume":"1","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Metab."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.120.090621","article-title":"Strain-Dependent Variability of Early Discovery Small Molecule Pharmacokinetics in Mice: Does Strain Matter?","volume":"48","author":"Barr","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3537","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.58.11.3537-3544.1990","article-title":"Immunoreactivity of neoglycolipids constructed from oligomannosidic residues of the Candida albicans cell wall","volume":"58","author":"Faille","year":"1990","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S197531","article-title":"Differential recognition of Candida tropicalis, Candida guilliermondii, Candida krusei, and Candida auris by human innate immune cells","volume":"12","author":"Franco","year":"2019","journal-title":"Infect. Drug Resist."},{"key":"ref_42","first-page":"3","article-title":"Adherence of Candida sp. to host tissues and cells as one of its pathogenicity features","volume":"61","author":"Modrzewska","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-143-2-321","article-title":"3-Phosphoglycerate kinase: A glycolytic enzyme protein present in the cell wall of Candida albicans","volume":"143","author":"Alloush","year":"1997","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2015.10.001","article-title":"Moonlight-like proteins of the cell wall protect sessile cells of Candida from oxidative stress","volume":"90","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1649","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.3.1649-1654.2000","article-title":"Protection against Candidiasis by an Immunoglobulin G3 (IgG3) Monoclonal Antibody Specific for the Same Mannotriose as an IgM Protective Antibody","volume":"68","author":"Han","year":"2000","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1021\/acsinfecdis.9b00450","article-title":"Unique Cell Surface Mannan of Yeast Pathogen Candida auris with Selective Binding to IgG","volume":"6","author":"Yan","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4439","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00159-06","article-title":"Cardiac Failure in C5-Deficient A\/J Mice after Candida albicans Infection","volume":"74","author":"Mullick","year":"2006","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19.6.1","DOI":"10.1002\/0471142735.im1906s105","article-title":"Animal Models for Candidiasis","volume":"105","author":"Conti","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Protoc. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit006","article-title":"Finding the \u201cMissing 50%\u201d of Invasive Candidiasis: How Nonculture Diagnostics Will Improve Understanding of Disease Spectrum and Transform Patient Care","volume":"56","author":"Clancy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, T., Wagner, A.S., Tams, R.N., Eyer, J.E., Kauffman, S.J., Gann, E.R., Fernandez, E.J., and Reynolds, T.B. (2019). Lrg1 Regulates \u03b2 (1,3)-Glucan Masking in Candida albicans through the Cek1 MAP Kinase Pathway. mBio, 10.","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01767-19"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wheeler, R.T., Kombe, D., Agarwala, S.D., and Fink, G.R. (2008). Dynamic, Morphotype-Specific Candida albicans \u03b2-Glucan Exposure during Infection and Drug Treatment. PLoS Pathog., 4.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000227"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.1.20","article-title":"Identification of the mouse IgG3 receptor: Implications for antibody effector function at the interface between innate and adaptive immunity","volume":"160","author":"Gavin","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Satala, D., Karkowska-Kuleta, J., Zelazna, A., Rapala-Kozik, M., and Kozik, A. (2020). Moonlighting Proteins at the Candidal Cell Surface. Microorganisms, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8071046"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mu\u00f1oz, J.F., Gade, L., Chow, N.A., Loparev, V.N., Juieng, P., Berkow, E.L., Farrer, R.A., Litvintseva, A.P., and Cuomo, C.A. (2018). Genomic insights into multidrug-resistance, mating and virulence in Candida auris and related emerging species. Nat. Commun., 9.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07779-6"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.46737-0","article-title":"Candida albicans HWP1 gene expression and host antibody responses in colonization and disease","volume":"55","author":"Naglik","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ruiz, G.B., Ross, Z.K., Gow, N.A.R., and Lorenz, A. (2020). Pseudohyphal Growth of the Emerging Pathogen Candida auris Is Triggered by Genotoxic Stress through the S Phase Checkpoint. mSphere, 5.","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00151-20"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibtech.2007.07.005","article-title":"Antibody cocktails: Next-generation biopharmaceuticals with improved potency","volume":"25","author":"Logtenberg","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trends Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.2174\/1573399811666150615145824","article-title":"Targeting TNF-Alpha in HIV-1 Infection","volume":"17","author":"Kumar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Drug Targets"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2015.07.011","article-title":"Proteomic analysis of cell wall in four pathogenic species of Candida exposed to oxidative stress","volume":"87","year":"2015","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2018.08.024","article-title":"Moonlighting proteins induce protection in a mouse model against Candida species","volume":"124","author":"Moreno","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1604","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.00194-06","article-title":"Function of Candida albicans Adhesin Hwp1 in Biofilm Formation","volume":"5","author":"Nobile","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eukaryot. Cell"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u010cern\u00e1kov\u00e1, L., Roudbary, M., Br\u00e1s, S., Tafaj, S., and Rodrigues, C. (2021). Candida auris: A Quick Review on Identification, Current Treatments, and Challenges. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22094470"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-micro-091014-104330","article-title":"Candida albicans Biofilms and Human Disease","volume":"69","author":"Nobile","year":"2015","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2018.00028","article-title":"Candida Biofilms: Threats, Challenges, and Promising Strategies","volume":"5","author":"Cavalheiro","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rodrigues, C.F., Correia, A., Vilanova, M., and Henriques, M. (2019). Inflammatory Cell Recruitment in Candida glabrata Biofilm Cell-Infected Mice Receiving Antifungal Chemotherapy. J. Clin. Med., 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8020142"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chup\u00e1\u010dov\u00e1, J., Borghi, E., Morace, G., Los, A., and Bujd\u00e1kov\u00e1, H. (2018). Anti-biofilm activity of antibody directed against surface antigen complement receptor 3-related protein\u2014Comparison of Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis. Pathog. Dis., 76.","DOI":"10.1093\/femspd\/ftx127"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.09.105","article-title":"Monoclonal antibody-based therapies for microbial diseases","volume":"27","author":"Saylor","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1404","DOI":"10.1086\/503428","article-title":"A Randomized, Blinded, Multicenter Trial of Lipid-Associated Amphotericin B Alone versus in Combination with an Antibody-Based Inhibitor of Heat Shock Protein 90 in Patients with Invasive Candidiasis","volume":"42","author":"Pachl","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.2000.tb02543.x","article-title":"Antibacterial Properties of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Immunotype 1 Lipopolysaccharide-Specific Monoclonal Antibody (MAb) in a Murine Thigh Infection Model: Combined Effects of MAb and Ceftazidime","volume":"44","author":"Akiyama","year":"2000","journal-title":"Microbiol. Immunol."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/22\/11\/6162\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T06:11:50Z","timestamp":1760163110000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/22\/11\/6162"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms22116162"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms22116162","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]]}}}