{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T15:25:28Z","timestamp":1790522728000,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]],"date-time":"2021-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004281","name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OPUS No. 2018\/29\/B\/ST4\/01681"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OPUS No. 2018\/29\/B\/ST4\/01681"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004281","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cytokines play a huge role in many biological processes. Their production, release and interactions are subject to a very complex mechanism. Cytokines are produced by all types of cells, they function very differently and they are characterized by synergism in action, antagonism, and aggregation activity, opposing action of one cytokine, overlapping activity, induction of another cytokine, inhibition of cytokine synthesis at the mRNA level as well as autoregulation-stimulation or inhibition of own production. The predominance of pro-inflammatory cytokines leads to a systemic inflammatory response, and anti-inflammatory-to an anti-inflammatory response. They regulate the organism\u2019s immune response and protect it against sudden disturbances in homeostasis. The synthesis and activity of cytokines are influenced by the central nervous system through the endocrine system (pituitary gland, adrenal glands).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22126238","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]],"date-time":"2021-06-09T14:16:04Z","timestamp":1623248164000},"page":"6238","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Cytokines-Biogenesis and Their Role in Human Breast Milk and Determination"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Kie\u0142basa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalysis, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toru\u0144, ul. 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Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toru\u0144, Poland"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Centre of Modern Technologies, Group for Separation and Bioanalytical Methods (Bio-Sep) Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toru\u0144, ul. Wile\u0144ska 4, 87-100 Toru\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2020, July 01). Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics PDB. Available online: http:\/\/www.rcsb.org."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-019-0131-x","article-title":"Cytokine-mediated communication: A quantitative appraisal of immune complexity","volume":"19","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. 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