{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T04:09:16Z","timestamp":1775707756466,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]],"date-time":"2021-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004281","name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2014\/15\/B\/NZ5\/O3572"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014\/15\/B\/NZ5\/O3572"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004281","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004569","name":"Ministerstwo Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wy\u017cszego","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["010\/RID\/2018\/19"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["010\/RID\/2018\/19"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004569","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Uterine inflammation is a very common and serious pathology in domestic animals, the development and progression of which often result from disturbed myometrial contractility. We investigated the effect of inflammation on the protein expression of galanin (GAL) receptor subtypes (GALR)1 and GALR2 in myometrium and their role in the contractile amplitude and frequency of an inflamed gilt uterus. The gilts of the E. coli and SAL groups received E. coli suspension or saline in their uteri, respectively, and only laparotomy was performed (CON group). Eight days later, the E. coli group developed severe acute endometritis and lowered GALR1 protein expression in the myometrium. Compared to the pretreatment period, GAL (10\u22127 M) reduced the amplitude and frequency in myometrium and endometrium\/myometrium of the CON and SAL groups, the amplitude in both stripes and frequency in endometrium\/myometrium of the E. coli group. In this group, myometrial frequency after using GAL increased, and it was higher than in other groups. GALR2 antagonist diminished the decrease in amplitude in myometrium and the frequency in endometrium\/myometrium (SAL, E. coli groups) induced by GAL (10\u22127 M). GALR1\/GALR2 antagonist and GAL (10\u22127 M) reversed the decrease in amplitude and diminished the decrease in frequency in both examined stripes (CON, SAL groups), and diminished the drop in amplitude and abolished the rise in the frequency in the myometrium (E. coli group). In summary, the inflammation reduced GALR1 protein expression in pig myometrium, and GALR1 and GALR2 participated in the contractile regulation of an inflamed uterus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22126415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]],"date-time":"2021-06-15T11:00:33Z","timestamp":1623754833000},"page":"6415","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Regulatory Influence of Galanin and GALR1\/GALR2 Receptors on Inflamed Uterus Contractility in Pigs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Barbara","family":"Jana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jaros\u0142aw","family":"Ca\u0142ka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 14, 11-041 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0702-6476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bartosz","family":"Mici\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 14, 11-041 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"575","article-title":"Endometritis in gilts: Reproductive data, bacterial culture, histopathology, and infiltration of immune cells in the endometrium","volume":"19","author":"Tummaruk","year":"2009","journal-title":"Comp. 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