{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T06:07:10Z","timestamp":1777702030809,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]],"date-time":"2021-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004955","name":"\u00d6sterreichische Forschungsf\u00f6rderungsgesellschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["867991"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["867991"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004955","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We aimed to assess the in vitro antimicrobial activity and the in vivo effect on the murine fecal microbiome and volatile organic compound (VOC) profile of (S)-reutericyclin. The antimicrobial activity of (S)-reutericyclin was tested against Clostridium difficile, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus (S.) epidermidis, Streptococcus agalactiae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Propionibacterium acnes. Reutericyclin or water were gavage fed to male BALBc mice for 7 weeks. Thereafter stool samples underwent 16S based microbiome analysis and VOC analysis by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). (S)-reutericyclin inhibited growth of S. epidermidis only. Oral (S)-reutericyclin treatment caused a trend towards reduced alpha diversity. Beta diversity was significantly influenced by reutericyclin. Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) analysis showed an increase of Streptococcus and Muribaculum as well as a decrease of butyrate producing Ruminoclostridium, Roseburia and Eubacterium in the reutericyclin group. VOC analysis revealed significant increases of pentane and heptane and decreases of 2,3-butanedione and 2-heptanone in reutericyclin animals. The antimicrobial activity of (S)-reutericyclin differs from reports of (R)-reutericyclin with inhibitory effects on a multitude of Gram-positive bacteria reported in the literature. In vivo (S)-reutericyclin treatment led to a microbiome shift towards dysbiosis and distinct alterations of the fecal VOC profile.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22126424","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]],"date-time":"2021-06-15T21:24:29Z","timestamp":1623792269000},"page":"6424","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["(S)-Reutericyclin: Susceptibility Testing and In Vivo Effect on Murine Fecal Microbiome and Volatile Organic Compounds"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Bernhard","family":"Kienesberger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beate","family":"Oberm\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4770-3144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georg","family":"Singer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Mittl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4501-927X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reingard","family":"Grabherr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, 1190 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sigrid","family":"Mayrhofer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, 1190 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Heinl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, 1190 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5508-8271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vanessa","family":"Stadlbauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7279-0628","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Horvath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"},{"name":"Center of Biomarker Research (CBmed), 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1619-0315","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wolfram","family":"Miekisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0055-6098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia","family":"Fuchs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8755-0037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ingeborg","family":"Klymiuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Department of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Holger","family":"Till","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4512-3640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph","family":"Castellani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(13)70179-8","article-title":"Related actions of probiotics and antibiotics on gut microbiota and weight modification","volume":"13","author":"Angelakis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. 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