{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T04:08:53Z","timestamp":1785557333950,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,22]],"date-time":"2021-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MH041479"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MH041479"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NS16980"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NS16980"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PP00A-106701"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PP00A-106701"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PP00P3-124536"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PP00P3-124536"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["310030_143956"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["310030_143956"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007862","name":"California National Primate Research Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OD011107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OD011107"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007862","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In recent years, a large population of immature neurons has been documented in the paralaminar nucleus of the primate amygdala. A substantial fraction of these immature neurons differentiate into mature neurons during postnatal development or following selective lesion of the hippocampus. Notwithstanding a growing number of studies on the origin and fate of these immature neurons, fundamental questions about the life and death of these neurons remain. Here, we briefly summarize what is currently known about the immature neurons present in the primate ventral amygdala during development and in adulthood, as well as following selective hippocampal lesions. We provide evidence confirming that the distribution of immature neurons extends to the anterior portions of the entorhinal cortex and layer II of the perirhinal cortex. We also provide novel arguments derived from stereological estimates of the number of mature and immature neurons, which support the view that the migration of immature neurons from the lateral ventricle accompanies neuronal maturation in the primate amygdala at all ages. Finally, we propose and discuss the hypothesis that increased migration and maturation of neurons in the amygdala following hippocampal dysfunction may be linked to behavioral alterations associated with certain neurodevelopmental disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22136691","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,22]],"date-time":"2021-06-22T13:02:10Z","timestamp":1624366930000},"page":"6691","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Life and Death of Immature Neurons in the Juvenile and Adult Primate Amygdala"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2043-3711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lo\u00efc J.","family":"Chareyron","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuropsychiatry, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8868-2912","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pamela","family":"Banta Lavenex","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Psychology, UniDistance Suisse, 3900 Brig, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David G.","family":"Amaral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California National Primate Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, CA 956616, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Lavenex","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Development, Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(97)00384-9","article-title":"The anti-apoptosis bcl-2 proto-oncogene is preferentially expressed in limbic structures of the primate brain","volume":"82","author":"Bernier","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2486","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-07-02486.1998","article-title":"Bcl-2 Protein as a Marker of Neuronal Immaturity in Postnatal Primate Brain","volume":"18","author":"Bernier","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. 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