{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T05:00:20Z","timestamp":1780376420889,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,25]],"date-time":"2021-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.mdpi.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>D-galactose (D-gal) administration causes oxidative disorder and is widely utilized in aging animal models. Therefore, we subcutaneously injected D-gal at 200 mg\/kg BW dose to assess the potential preventive effect of thymoquinone (TQ) and curcumin (Cur) against the oxidative alterations induced by D-gal. Other than the control, vehicle, and D-gal groups, the TQ and Cur treated groups were orally supplemented at 20 mg\/kg BW of each alone or combined. TQ and Cur effectively suppressed the oxidative alterations induced by D-gal in brain and heart tissues. The TQ and Cur combination significantly decreased the elevated necrosis in the brain and heart by D-gal. It significantly reduced brain caspase 3, calbindin, and calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (IBA1), heart caspase 3, and BCL2. Expression of mRNA of the brain and heart TP53, p21, Bax, and CASP-3 were significantly downregulated in the TQ and Cur combination group along with upregulation of BCL2 in comparison with the D-gal group. Data suggested that the TQ and Cur combination is a promising approach in aging prevention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22136839","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,25]],"date-time":"2021-06-25T11:07:40Z","timestamp":1624619260000},"page":"6839","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["RETRACTED: Thymoquinone and Curcumin Defeat Aging-Associated Oxidative Alterations Induced by D-Galactose in Rats\u2019 Brain and Heart"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9721-4360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"El-Far","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7347-4587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yaser","family":"Elewa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt"},{"name":"Laboratory of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Basic Veterinary Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elsayeda-Zeinab","family":"Abdelfattah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Care Unit, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2262-7555","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdel-Wahab","family":"Alsenosy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2722-2466","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mustafa","family":"Atta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khalid","family":"Abou-Zeid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Care Unit, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soad","family":"Al Jaouni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology\/Pediatric Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9294-015X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaker","family":"Mousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8344-0807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed","family":"Noreldin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Histology and Cytology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4166","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.101714","article-title":"Exercise training augments Sirt1-signaling and attenuates cardiac inflammation in D-galactose induced-aging rats","volume":"10","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/3565127","article-title":"ROS, Cell Senescence, and Novel Molecular Mechanisms in Aging and Age-Related Diseases","volume":"2016","author":"Davalli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oxid. 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