{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T23:06:56Z","timestamp":1786576016668,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,2]],"date-time":"2021-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000241","name":"Physicians' Services Incorporated Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18-17"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18-17"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000241","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000191","name":"Kidney Foundation of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["180015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["180015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000191","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The use of blood for normothermic and subnormothermic kidney preservation hinders the translation of these approaches and promising therapeutics. This study evaluates whether adding hydrogen sulfide donor AP39 to Hemopure, a blood substitute, during subnormothermic perfusion improves kidney outcomes. After 30 min of renal pedicle clamping, porcine kidneys were treated to 4 h of static cold storage (SCS-4 \u00b0C) or subnormothermic perfusion at 21 \u00b0C with Hemopure (H-21 \u00b0C), Hemopure + 200 nM AP39 (H200nM-21 \u00b0C) or Hemopure + 1 \u00b5M AP39 (H1\u00b5M-21 \u00b0C). Then, kidneys were reperfused with Hemopure at 37 \u00b0C for 4 h with metabolic support. Perfusate composition, tissue oxygenation, urinalysis and histopathology were analyzed. During preservation, the H200nM-21 \u00b0C group exhibited significantly higher urine output than the other groups and significantly higher tissue oxygenation than the H1\u00b5M-21 \u00b0C group at 1 h and 2h. During reperfusion, the H200nM-21 \u00b0C group exhibited significantly higher urine output and lower urine protein than the other groups. Additionally, the H200nM-21 \u00b0C group exhibited higher perfusate pO2 levels than the other groups and significantly lower apoptotic injury than the H-21 \u00b0C and the H1\u00b5M-21 \u00b0C groups. Thus, subnormothermic perfusion at 21 \u00b0C with Hemopure + 200 nM AP39 improves renal outcomes. Additionally, our novel blood-free model of ex vivo kidney preservation and reperfusion could be useful for studying other therapeutics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22137180","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,2]],"date-time":"2021-07-02T10:06:34Z","timestamp":1625220394000},"page":"7180","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Evaluating the Effects of Subnormothermic Perfusion with AP39 in a Novel Blood-Free Model of Ex Vivo Kidney Preservation and Reperfusion"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Smriti","family":"Juriasingani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada"},{"name":"Matthew Mailing Center for Translational Transplant Studies, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashley","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Matthew Mailing Center for Translational Transplant Studies, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Max Yulin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada"},{"name":"Matthew Mailing Center for Translational Transplant Studies, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aushanth","family":"Ruthirakanthan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Matthew Mailing Center for Translational Transplant Studies, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George J.","family":"Dugbartey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Matthew Mailing Center for Translational Transplant Studies, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada"},{"name":"Multi-organ Transplant Program, London Health Sciences Center, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 43, Legon, Accra, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1454-5672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emrullah","family":"Sogutdelen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14030, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Max","family":"Levine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Matthew Mailing Center for Translational Transplant Studies, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada"},{"name":"Multi-organ Transplant Program, London Health Sciences Center, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moaath","family":"Mandurah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Matthew Mailing Center for Translational Transplant Studies, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada"},{"name":"Multi-organ Transplant Program, London Health Sciences Center, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Whiteman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Luke\u2019s Campus, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter EX1 2HZ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Luke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Matthew Mailing Center for Translational Transplant Studies, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada"},{"name":"Multi-organ Transplant Program, London Health Sciences Center, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alp","family":"Sener","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada"},{"name":"Matthew Mailing Center for Translational Transplant Studies, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada"},{"name":"Multi-organ Transplant Program, London Health Sciences Center, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199912023412303","article-title":"Comparison of mortality in all patients on dialysis, patients on dialysis awaiting transplantation, and recipients of a first cadaveric transplant","volume":"341","author":"Wolfe","year":"1999","journal-title":"N. 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