{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T03:45:19Z","timestamp":1771299919722,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,9]],"date-time":"2021-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003407","name":"MIUR","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Progetto Eccellenza"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Progetto Eccellenza"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Anti-Drug Policies Department, Presidency of the Council of Ministers","award":["FAR 2019, FAR 2020 to Matteo Marti"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FAR 2019, FAR 2020 to Matteo Marti"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Synthetic cathinones have gained popularity among young drug users and are widely used in the clandestine market. While the cathinone-induced behavioral profile has been extensively investigated, information on their neuroplastic effects is still rather fragmentary. Accordingly, we have exposed male mice to a single injection of MDPV and \u03b1-PVP and sacrificed the animals at different time points (i.e., 30 min, 2 h, and 24 h) to have a rapid readout of the effect of these psychostimulants on neuroplasticity in the frontal lobe and hippocampus, two reward-related brain regions. We found that a single, low dose of MDPV or \u03b1-PVP is sufficient to alter the expression of neuroplastic markers in the adult mouse brain. In particular, we found increased expression of the transcription factor Npas4, increased ratio between the vesicular GABA transporter and the vesicular glutamate transporter together with changes in the expression of the neurotrophin Bdnf, confirming the widespread impact of these cathinones on brain plasticity. To sum up, exposure to low dose of cathinones can impair cortical and hippocampal homeostasis, suggesting that abuse of these cathinones at much higher doses, as it occurs in humans, could have an even more profound impact on neuroplasticity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22147397","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,9]],"date-time":"2021-07-09T10:50:38Z","timestamp":1625827838000},"page":"7397","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Single Exposure to the Cathinones MDPV and \u03b1-PVP Alters Molecular Markers of Neuroplasticity in the Adult Mouse Brain"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8045-3146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucia","family":"Caffino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8172-1384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Mottarlini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabrine","family":"Bilel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Legal Medicine and LTTA Center, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2933-2677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giorgia","family":"Targa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9337-9184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micaela","family":"Tirri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Legal Medicine and LTTA Center, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Coralie","family":"Maggi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8751-2882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo","family":"Marti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Legal Medicine and LTTA Center, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy"},{"name":"Collaborative Center for the Italian National Early Warning System, Department of Anti-Drug Policies, Presidency of the Council of Ministers, 44121 Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Fumagalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00017.2008","article-title":"Transcription factors in long-term memory and synaptic plasticity","volume":"89","author":"Alberini","year":"2009","journal-title":"Physiol. 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