{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T02:04:34Z","timestamp":1792029874097,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,27]],"date-time":"2021-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627344000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Semmelweis Science and Innovation Fund","award":["STIA-KF-17"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["STIA-KF-17"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003549","name":"Hungarian Scientific Research Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["116954"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["116954"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003549","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002332","name":"Semmelweis University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["-"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["-"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002332","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Hungarian Hypertension Society","award":["-"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["-"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The vitamin-D-sensitivity of the cardiovascular system may show gender differences. The prevalence of vitamin D (VD) deficiency (VDD) is high, and it alters cardiovascular function and increases the risk of stroke. Our aim was to investigate the vascular reactivity and histological changes of isolated carotid artery of female and male rats in response to different VD supplies. A total of 48 male and female Wistar rats were divided into four groups: female VD supplemented, female VDD, male VD supplemented, male VDD. The vascular function of isolated carotid artery segments was examined by wire myography. Both vitamin D deficiency and male gender resulted in increased phenylephrine-induced contraction. Acetylcholine-induced relaxation decreased in male rats independently from VD status. Inhibition of prostanoid signaling by indomethacin reduced contraction in females, but increased relaxation ability in male rats. Functional changes were accompanied by VDD and gender-specific histological alterations. Elastic fiber density was significantly decreased by VDD in female rats, but not in males. Smooth muscle actin and endothelial nitric oxide synthase levels were significantly lowered, but the thromboxane receptor was elevated in VDD males. Decreased nitrative stress was detected in both male groups independently from VD supply. The observed interactions between vitamin D deficiency and sex may play a role in the gender difference of cardiovascular risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22158029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,27]],"date-time":"2021-07-27T12:18:31Z","timestamp":1627388311000},"page":"8029","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Vitamin D Deficiency and Gender Alter Vasoconstrictor and Vasodilator Reactivity in Rat Carotid Artery"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0827-6689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mikl\u00f3s","family":"Sipos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, \u00dcll\u0151i Street 78\/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D\u00f3ra","family":"Gerszi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, \u00dcll\u0151i Street 78\/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, T\u0171zolt\u00f3 Street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hicham","family":"Dalloul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, \u00dcll\u0151i Street 78\/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B\u00e1lint","family":"B\u00e1nyai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, T\u0171zolt\u00f3 Street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9170-4331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R\u00e9ka Eszter","family":"Sziva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, \u00dcll\u0151i Street 78\/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, T\u0171zolt\u00f3 Street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Workgroup for Science Management, Doctoral School, Semmelweis University, \u00dcll\u0151i Street 22, 1085 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R\u00e9ka","family":"Kollarics","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, \u00dcll\u0151i Street 78\/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, T\u0171zolt\u00f3 Street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P\u00e9ter","family":"Magyar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Imaging Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, \u00dcll\u0151i Street 78\/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2832-0626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marianna","family":"T\u00f6r\u00f6k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, \u00dcll\u0151i Street 78\/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Workgroup for Science Management, Doctoral School, Semmelweis University, \u00dcll\u0151i Street 22, 1085 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N\u00e1ndor","family":"\u00c1cs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, \u00dcll\u0151i Street 78\/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6967-1158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e1ria","family":"Szekeres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, T\u0171zolt\u00f3 Street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Vas Street 17, 1088, Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gy\u00f6rgy L.","family":"N\u00e1dasy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, T\u0171zolt\u00f3 Street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leila","family":"Hadjadj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, T\u0171zolt\u00f3 Street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eszter M\u00e1ria","family":"Horv\u00e1th","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, T\u0171zolt\u00f3 Street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Szabolcs","family":"V\u00e1rb\u00edr\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, \u00dcll\u0151i Street 78\/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Workgroup for Science Management, Doctoral School, Semmelweis University, \u00dcll\u0151i Street 22, 1085 Budapest, 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