{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T19:38:06Z","timestamp":1790192286750,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,20]],"date-time":"2021-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Norway","award":["---"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["---"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The diagnostic work-up of primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome (pSS) includes quantifying saliva and tear production, evaluation of autoantibodies in serum and histopathological analysis of minor salivary glands. Thus, the potential for further utilizing these fluids and tissues in the quest to find better diagnostic and therapeutic tools should be fully explored. Ten samples of saliva and tears from female patients diagnosed with pSS and ten samples of saliva and tears from healthy females were included for lipidomic analysis of tears and whole saliva using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry. In addition, lipidomic analysis was performed on minor salivary gland biopsies from three pSS and three non-SS females. We found significant differences in the lipidomic profiles of saliva and tears in pSS patients compared to healthy controls. Moreover, there were differences in individual lipid species in stimulated saliva that were comparable to those of glandular biopsies, representing an intriguing avenue for further research. We believe a comprehensive elucidation of the changes in lipid composition in saliva, tears and minor salivary glands in pSS patients may be the key to detecting pSS-related dry mouth and dry eyes at an early stage. The identified differences may illuminate the path towards future innovative diagnostic methodologies and treatment modalities for alleviating pSS-related sicca symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22168997","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,22]],"date-time":"2021-08-22T21:47:52Z","timestamp":1629668872000},"page":"8997","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Characterization of Lipids in Saliva, Tears and Minor Salivary Glands of Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s Syndrome Patients Using an HPLC\/MS-Based Approach"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3835-8772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fredrik","family":"Fineide","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, 1171 Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"The Norwegian Dry Eye Clinic, Ole Vigs Gate 32 E, 0366 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangjun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Surgery and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Bjellaas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VITAS Analytical Services, 0349 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Vitelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tor Paaske","family":"Utheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, 1171 Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"The Norwegian Dry Eye Clinic, Ole Vigs Gate 32 E, 0366 Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, 1171 Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4276-9611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janicke Liaaen","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Surgery and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hilde Kanli","family":"Galtung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.61.6.554","article-title":"Classification criteria for Sjogren\u2019s syndrome: A revised version of the European criteria proposed by the American-European Consensus Group","volume":"61","author":"Vitali","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann. 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