{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T11:19:51Z","timestamp":1779362391926,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":101,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,22]],"date-time":"2021-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629590400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19K07854"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19K07854"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20H03569"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20H03569"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the Kyoto Pharmaceutical University Fund for the Promotion of Scientific Research","award":["19S3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19S3"]}]},{"name":"the Hoansha Foundation","award":["-"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["-"]}]},{"name":"the Smoking Research Foundation","award":["-"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["-"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cell transplantation therapy using pluripotent\/multipotent stem cells has gained attention as a novel therapeutic strategy for treating neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson\u2019s disease, Alzheimer\u2019s disease, Huntington\u2019s disease, ischemic stroke, and spinal cord injury. To fully realize the potential of cell transplantation therapy, new therapeutic options that increase cell engraftments must be developed, either through modifications to the grafted cells themselves or through changes in the microenvironment surrounding the grafted region. Together these developments could potentially restore lost neuronal function by better supporting grafted cells. In addition, drug administration can improve the outcome of cell transplantation therapy through better accessibility and delivery to the target region following cell transplantation. Here we introduce examples of drug repurposing approaches for more successful transplantation therapies based on preclinical experiments with clinically approved drugs. Drug repurposing is an advantageous drug development strategy because drugs that have already been clinically approved can be repurposed to treat other diseases faster and at lower cost. Therefore, drug repurposing is a reasonable approach to enhance the outcomes of cell transplantation therapies for neurological diseases. Ideal repurposing candidates would result in more efficient cell transplantation therapies and provide a new and beneficial therapeutic combination.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22169047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,22]],"date-time":"2021-08-22T21:47:52Z","timestamp":1629668872000},"page":"9047","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Combination of Drugs and Cell Transplantation: More Beneficial Stem Cell-Based Regenerative Therapies Targeting Neurological Disorders"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5582-3341","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaneyasu","family":"Nishimura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Integrated Pharmaceutical Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuyuki","family":"Takata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Integrated Pharmaceutical Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1126\/science.282.5391.1145","article-title":"Embryonic stem cell lines derived from human blastocysts","volume":"282","author":"Thomson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.11.019","article-title":"Induction of pluripotent stem cells from adult human fibroblasts by defined factors","volume":"131","author":"Takahashi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1608368","article-title":"Autologous induced stem-cell\u2013derived retinal cells for macular degeneration","volume":"376","author":"Mandai","year":"2017","journal-title":"N. 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